字幕列表 影片播放
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This is a chart of the wealth of every single American household.
此圖表顯示美國每一戶人家的財富。
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That includes cars, houses, yachts, jewelry — and even cold, hard cash.
包含車子、房產、遊艇、寶石,甚至是現金。
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It also includes things we owe other people, like student loans.
也包含我們欠別人的,像是學生貸款。
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So let's take a quick tour of American household wealth.
我們來快速看一下美國家庭財富分配。
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We can start over here, where we see people who owe way more than they have.
我們從這裡開始,這些人們積欠的比所擁有的還多得多。
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As we move further right, we can see — oh, that's me.
當我們往右移,我們可以看到 ... 嘿我在這。
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And there's my doctor, who owns an expensive home.
然後這是我的醫生,有很昂貴的房產。
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And there's former heavyweight boxer Mike Tyson!
然後是前重量級拳擊手麥克.泰森。
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But when we get to the very richest people in the world — oh hey, it's Beyoncé — we can zoom out so far that this chart looks like a stick and we still can't see the top of their wealth.
但當我們想看到世界上最最有錢的人 —— 噢!碧昂絲在這裡 —— 我們就要把圖表縮小很多,小到看起來像是一條直線,但還是看不到他們的財富終點。
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Because these people are so much wealthier than the rest of us.
因為這些人比我們其他人都還要太太太有錢了。
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In other words, this chart doesn't just show wealth.
換句話說,這張圖表不只顯示了財富。
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It shows the staggering wealth inequality we have in America.
也展現了美國嚇人的貧富差距。
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But recently, politicians have been talking about an idea that's never been done before in America.
但最近政府官員有個點子,是從沒在美國執行過的。
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To even out wealth, we should tax it.
要降低貧富差距,就得從課稅開始。
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In January, Senator Elizabeth Warren proposed something called a "wealth tax."
在一月時,參議院議員伊麗莎白.沃倫提議了「富人稅」。
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This was a big deal.
這可是一件大事。
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Because this doesn't typically get taxed.
因為累積的財富通常是不會被課稅的。
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Most of the taxes we pay only happen when money changes hands — like when we earn money or spend money.
我們大多是在錢交手時才要繳稅,例如我們拿到薪資或花錢時。
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But according to Warren, here's the problem with that.
但根據沃倫所言,這種形式有個問題。
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This bar represents my wealth.
這一個柱子代表了我的財富。
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And this is my friend's wealth.
而這是我朋友的財富。
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I think he owns a yacht.
我想他一定有遊艇哦 ...。
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But because both of us have the same job and earn the same amount of money, our income gets taxed about the same.
但因為我們兩人工作一樣,薪資也一樣,我們的收入被課到一樣多的稅。
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"Two people who may have the same income, but are in wildly different economic circumstances."
「兩個人,或許收入一樣,但卻處於完全不同的經濟狀況。」
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So to fix it, Warren wants to tax the actual wealth people have, but only for the very, very rich.
為了矯正這情況,沃倫想要向人們實際擁有的財富課稅,但只針對非常非常有錢的人。
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Here's her proposal: All the wealth above this line — 50 million dollars — would be taxed at 2 percent each year.
以下是她的提議:所有高於這條線的財富 —— 5000 萬美金 —— 會在每年被課 2% 稅。
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All the wealth above this line — 1 billion dollars — would be taxed at 3 percent.
而過了這條線的 —— 10 億美金 —— 則會被課稅 3%。
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So if you have 40 million dollars, you'd pay nothing.
所以要是你有 4000 萬美金,你不會被課到富人稅。
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If you have 60 million dollars, you'd pay nothing on your first 50 million, but 2% on the 10 million after that, or $200 thousand.
如果你有 6000 萬,你的頭 5000 萬不會被課稅,但後頭的 1000 萬就要被課 2%,也就是 200 萬。
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And if you have 2 billion dollars, you'd pay about $49 million.
而若是你有 20 億,你就要付大概 4900 萬。
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So what would happen if we imposed Senator Warren's tax?
所以要是我們採取沃倫議員的稅收方式,會發生什麼事?
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Only the richest 0.05 percent of Americans would pay this tax.
只有最富的 0.05% 美國人會需要付這筆稅。
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But in 2016, the government could have raised about 200 billion dollars from it.
而到了 2016 年,政府就能從中籌到 2000 億美金。
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That could pay for a plan that makes public college tuition free — three times over.
那可以讓大學學費免費 —— 資金多出兩倍。
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It could pay for all federal food assistance programs, like food stamps, two times over.
可以用來付所有聯邦食物扶助計劃,像是食物郵票,資金多出一倍。
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It could get close to cutting child poverty by 60 percent.
可以減少 60% 的貧困兒童。
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These are massive programs that would help millions of people.
這些都是能夠幫助數百萬人的大型計劃。
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And what makes that possible is the huge amount of wealth stuck here, at the very, very top with the ultra-rich.
讓這一切有可能成真的,是累積在這裡的龐大財富,也就是超超超有錢的人們。
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A wealth tax hones in on that.
富人稅正是針對了這點。
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We've started this paid membership program called Vox Video Lab.
我們現在有個付費會員計劃,叫做 Vox 影片實驗室。
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When you sign up, you support our journalism but you also get access to some really cool exclusive content.
當你註冊時,你就幫助了我們的媒體,同時也能得到一些很酷的獨家內容。
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So you can join at vox.com/join. And thank you!
你可以到 vox.com/join 加入我們。謝謝收看!