Name: 【動物】愛吃鮭魚嗎？那這些小知識你一定要知道！ (What You Probably Never Knew About Salmon)
Uploaded: 2019-03-31T21:01:20.000Z
Duration: 5 min 21 s

Salmon's popularity comes with quite a bit of confusion, what with the multiple varieties, health claims, and concerns about sustainability.

鮭魚受到各方饕客所喜愛，但也讓人們不禁納悶：怎麼那麼多種鮭魚？有什麼健康功效嗎？吃鮭魚會不會破壞環境永續？

情態副詞

Here's a look at some things you probably never knew about salmon.

以下我們介紹一些你大概不知道的鮭魚小知識！

Most of the salmon that we eat is conveniently named for the ocean or region it came from.

大多數我們吃的鮭魚，都是按照來自的海洋或是區域命名。

Pacific salmon, for instance, covers a range of popular salmon, including gourmet favorites chinook, and sockeye, as well as the less-pricey coho variety.

舉例來說，太平洋鮭魚就涵蓋許多種受歡迎的鮭魚種類，包括美食家最愛的契努克鮭魚，和價格低一點的銀鮭。

Atlantic salmon and Norwegian salmon, however, are generally both farmed rather than wild.

不過大西洋鮭魚和挪威鮭魚則大多來自養殖，而非野生。

When in doubt about salmon's origins, be sure to ask your fishmonger exactly where the salmon you're buying is coming from - even if at your end, it's coming out of a can.

想知道你的鮭魚來自哪裡，可以問問魚販，即使到你手上時已經是鮭魚罐頭了。

"Yesterday while you was out visiting, I went and ate a can of your salmon… so I got stopped by the Piggly Wiggly this morning and I got you another can."

「昨天你們不在的時候，我吃了你們一罐鮭魚，所以我今天早上在超市買了另一罐。」

So what's the difference between wild salmon and farmed salmon?

所以，野生鮭魚和養殖鮭魚有什麼區別？

While farmed salmon will certainly save a few bucks at the store, wild salmon is going to deliver much more for your buck in terms of not only flavor, but more importantly, in nutrients.

雖然養殖鮭魚一定會便宜一些，但野生鮭魚的味道和營養成分絕對能讓你值回票價。

Wild salmon contains higher levels of potassium, zinc, iron, and calcium, but comes with less fat and calories than an equal serving of farmed salmon.

野生鮭魚含有較多的鉀、鋅、鐵和鈣質，而且脂肪較養殖鮭魚少，卡路里也較低。

While both contain high levels of heart-and-brain-healthy Omega-3's, science shows those in farmed salmon to be of lesser quality.

雖然兩者都含有許多 Omega-3 脂肪酸，但研究顯示：養殖鮭魚含有的脂肪酸品質不如野生鮭魚。

Still, even farmed salmon is one of the healthier food choices around, so just aim to buy the best quality salmon that you can find and afford.

不過在架上食物中，養殖鮭魚依然是健康的選擇，所以就買預算範圍內的最高品質鮭魚吧！

「問題就在 ...... 鮭魚蛋糕！」

"Darling, you didn't used canned salmon, did you?"

「親愛的，你不會是用了罐頭鮭魚吧？」

Fitness Magazine named wild salmon a superfood for both skin and hair, and it's no wonder.

健身雜誌將野生鮭魚譽為對皮膚和頭髮都有益的「超級食品」，這並不令人意外。

Packed with selenium, salmon helps to naturally protect your skin from the sun's harmful rays.

鮭魚含有豐富的硒 (具抗氧化功能的元素)，幫助保護你的肌膚不受太陽光傷害。

Salmon's high levels of Omega-3s also help to keep your skin looking youthful and moisturized, not to mention omega-3's reputation for lowering the risk of heart disease, combating the joint pain of arthritis, and aiding conditions like depression, asthma, and ADHD.

鮭魚豐富的 Omega-3 脂肪酸同樣能幫助你的皮膚青春永駐、水嫩嫩，更不用說 Omega-3 脂肪酸還能降低心臟疾病風險、減少關節炎疼痛，還有幫助對抗抑鬱症、氣喘和過動症。

A known anti-inflammatory, Omega-3s can even help prevent osteoporosis.

Omega-3 脂肪酸擁有消炎作用，甚至能幫助預防骨質疏鬆症。

According to researchers at Ohio State University, who observed that women with higher concentrations of the fatty acid in their bodies suffered fewer hip fractures.

俄亥俄州立大學的研究員發現，體內擁有較多脂肪酸的女性較不可能髖部骨折。

In 2015, the FDA approved a genetically modified salmon created by a company called AquaBounty, as fit for human consumption.

在 2015 年，美國食品藥品監督管理局核准了水賞科技公司為了市場需求開發的基改鮭魚。

AquAdvantage, as the GMO salmon is called, contains a splice of genes, including the Pacific chinook salmon and a bottom-dweller fish known as an eelpout, or ocean pout.

這種基改鮭魚被命名為「水賞優勢鮭魚」，體內含有來自不同物種的基因，包括大西洋契努克鮭魚和一種叫做綿鳚的底棲魚，或稱大洋鱈魚。

The result, reportedly, is a salmon that grows larger and faster, requiring less feed than its farmed cousins.

據傳結果是鮭魚長得更快、更大，而且比其他養殖鮭魚吃較少飼料。

In 2016, though, lawsuits were filed against the FDA by a number of plaintiffs, who claim the FDA was negligent in overlooking the potential harm to wild salmon populations should the GMO fish hatch any escape plans, not to mention the detriment to fishing communities and the environment.

然而在 2016 年，有許多團體控告美國食品藥品監督管理局，聲稱該局枉顧基改鮭魚對野生鮭魚的可能威脅，更不用說這會衝擊到捕魚業和環境。

AquAdvantage is planned to be sold as Atlantic salmon, so if you're looking to avoid a dinner of Frankenfish, aim for wild salmon, or any salmon labeled as a Pacific variety.

水賞優勢鮭魚預計會以「大西洋鮭魚」名義販售，所以如果你想避開科學怪魚，就選野生鮭魚或是標榜來自太平洋的鮭魚。

We all know that salmon does a body good, but did you know that it's also vital for the health of wildlife and ecosystems?

我們都知道鮭魚對身體有益，但你知道牠們對環境生態也非常重要嗎？

Grizzly bears of Alaska in the Pacific Northwest not only feast on salmon for nutrition, but they also carry the carcasses to the forest floor, leaving behind valuable phosphorus, carbon, sulfur and nitrogen.

棲息在太平洋西北方的阿拉斯加灰熊不止會捕食鮭魚攝取營養，還會將鮭魚屍體帶到森林裡，留下高價值的磷、碳、硫磺和氮。

Scientists have even found nitrogen that originated from salmon in the leaves of spruce trees located over 1600 feet from streams where Grizzlies fish for salmon.

科學家甚至在杉樹的葉子上發現鮭魚殘留的氮，距離灰熊捕魚的溪流可是超過 478 公里！

Beavers also enjoy a healthy relationship with salmon.

A beaver's dam can provide a habitat for young salmon, and shield the juveniles from the dangers of avian predators above.

海狸的水壩提供年幼鮭魚做棲息地，讓牠們不受鳥類獵食者威脅。

"One of the most difficult aspects of a salmon's life cycle is when they swim upstream to spawn, a word which here means, spend quality time with the salmon they love most."

「鮭魚的魚生中最大的困難，就是要逆流而上產卵，換句話說，就是和愛魚度過魚生最後的精華。」

For the Native American tribes residing in the Pacific Northwest's Columbia Basin, salmon plays far more importance in their culture than just sustenance.

對居住在太平洋西北方哥倫比亞盆地的美國原住民來說，鮭魚在他們的文化裡可不單單只是食物。

For these "Salmon People," the salmon is sacred, guiding not only their diets, but also their religion, culture, livelihoods, and entire society.

對這些「鮭魚人民」而言，鮭魚是神聖的，不止主導了他們的飲食，也主宰著他們的信仰、文化、生計，以及整個社群。

According to tribal legend, the Creator gave the people the gifts of salmon and water on the first day.

根據該族的傳說，世界的創造者在第一日賜予他們鮭魚和水源。

And salmon continues to play a central role in religious and cultural ceremonies and celebrations.

在信仰、文化祭典和慶祝活動中，鮭魚的角色極其重要。

When the 1960s brought a sharp decline in salmon harvests, the tribes fought back against overfishing and pollution by sending many youth to study environmental engineering, fish biology, and law.

在 1960 年代，鮭魚的捕獲量劇烈減少，該族因此派出多名年輕人研究環境工程、魚類生物學和法律，力圖對抗濫補和污染問題。

That way, they may still preserve their traditional way of life.

如此一來，他們或許才能持續維持傳統生活。

Popular in a wide range of cuisines, there's no shortage of ways to prepare and enjoy a delicious salmon meal.

鮭魚在世界各地各式料理中都廣受喜愛，料理鮭魚美食的方法不勝枚舉。

Smoked salmon, lox, and gravlax are preparations that involve no cooking at all.

煙熏鮭魚和醃漬鮭魚都是不用烹飪的料理方式。

The fish is cured and brined over time, creating delicacies long enjoyed in Jewish and Scandinavian cuisines.

鮭魚經過長時間的醃漬，就成了猶太和斯堪地那維亞的傳統美食。

Raw salmon, in the form of sushi or sashimi, is one of the top sellers in sushi restaurants worldwide.

壽司，或稱沙西米，用到的生鮭魚更是世界各地壽司餐廳的熱賣品。

For the home cook, fresh or frozen salmon fillets and steaks are readily available, with salmon's meaty texture standing up well to the stovetop, oven, or grill.

在家烹飪的話，新鮮或是冷凍的鮭魚片或鮭魚排就可以直接拿來料理，而且無論是拿來烤或是煎，肉質都很緊實。

What do we have to do, hit you over the head with it?

不然還要說什麼你才會願意吃呢？

"Members of the Obama administration temporarily…"

「歐巴馬行政團隊成員暫時 ......」

"There's new report about Iran's nuclear program, and it seems…"

「關於伊朗的核武有最新情報，看來 ......」

"And that's why it's so important that we support…"

「那也是為什麼我們支持 ......」