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  • Faction: The Red Army, World War II.

  • After the Russian Revolution in 1917, the new Soviet government formed a Workers' and Peasants' Red Army.

  • With the Russian Civil War that followed, losses provoked a need for conscription.

  • The dangers of Nazi Germany encouraged the Red Army to expand to 1.3 million by 1935.

  • In 1936, the Spanish Civil War provided valuable experience for testing new military equipment ,and new tactics.

  • By 1941, the Red Army was 4.8 million strong, with 2.9 million deployed at western military districts.

  • The conscription age was 18.

  • A wave of purges started after Kirov's assassination, affecting Red Army development.

  • High-ranking officers were disproportionately affected.

  • Combined with an explosive growth in the Red Army, this lowered the quality of the troops, and their readiness for battle and caused the rapid over-promotion of younger personnel.

  • To further cement the ideological grip of the Communist Party, political officers were employed to monitor troops' loyalty, and keep morale high.

  • Some political officers became renowned military leaders. Marshal

  • Marshal Konev had started his career as a Red Guard Commissar in 1918.

  • The Red Army was growing very quickly in the late 1930s.

  • It was tested against Japanese forces at Lake Khasan in 1938, and at the Khalkhin Gol River in 1939.

  • At Khalkhin Gol, a young Major General Zhukov established himself as a capable military leader.

  • After the U.S.S.R. failed to negotiate an exchange of territories near Leningrad in December of 1939,

  • the Red Army invaded Finland, in what would become known as the Winter War, known as the Soviet-Finnish War in the U.S.S.R.

  • Victory was not achieved until March of 1940, when the Finns were finally overwhelmed by tanks, planes, and soldiers.

  • This demonstrated the weakness of the Red Army to Hitler.

  • In 1941, the German Armed Forces and their fellow Axis combatants, launched Operation Barbarossa.

  • At the disbelief of Stalin, who thought he could prevent war with Germany.

  • The Soviet leadership over-hyped the Red Army's capabilities just before the war, and early defeats of 1941 heavily weighed on morale.

  • Weak logistics also contributed to early defeats of the Red Army.

  • On the border battles, Red Army units had to abandon their perfectly functional vehicles after ammo and fuel were exhausted, and supplies weren't delivered in time.

  • The Red Army would also be supplied with Lend-Lease aid from its allies, the United States, and Britain.

  • As the Germans got closer, Stalin ordered the Red Army to use Scorched Earth tactics, destroying anything that might be captured, or used, by the enemy, and evacuated factories East.

  • The organization of the Red Army differed a lot from the Western Armies.

  • The backbone of the Red Army was the Rifle division.

  • Typical Red Army divisions were twice as small as a Wehrmacht Infantry Division.

  • But Soviet units had a larger proportion of officers-to-soldiers.

  • In late 1941, the German Army launched an offensive on Moscow.

  • However, the Red Army held their ground and the Germans were brought to a halt.

  • Commanders, like Georgy Zhukov, had learnt from the harsh lessons of earlier defeats.

  • The Red Army would achieve major victories at Stalingrad in 1942, and at Kursk in 1943.

  • The Red Army advanced along the Eastern Front, and pushed the German forces all the way to Berlin by May, 1945.

  • 34.4 million men and women served in the Red Army.

  • It is estimated that 6.8 million were KIA.

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Faction: The Red Army, World War II.

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二戰派系。紅軍 (WWII Factions: The Red Army)

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    wei 發佈於 2021 年 01 月 14 日
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