I've got a pronunciation lesson for you today,

我今天為你們準備發音課程，

one that I think you'll find incredibly useful.

我認為你們會覺得非常有用的一個課程。

I'm going to give you some tips that will help you to pronounce thousands of English words.

我會給你們一些技巧，幫助你們正確唸出上千個英文單字。

Words that end in -tion.

字尾為 -tion 的單字。

Now I bet that you're already thinking of some examples of English words that end in -tion, aren't you?

我相信你們已經想到不少 -tion 結尾的英文單字，沒錯吧？

There are so many!

有非常多都是！

This part of the word is a suffix,

這個字後面的部分叫做後綴，

a common ending in an English word.

這是英文單字中常見的結尾。

Now words that end like this in English are almost always a noun.

現在英文單字以這樣做結尾的幾乎都是名詞。

And the pronunciation of this syllable is always unstressed.

而這個音節的發音總是輕音。

It's always an unstressed syllable which means it's really quick.

它一直都是輕音的音節，代表它非常快。

Yeah, -tion is pronounced

沒錯，-tion 是要這樣發音

If it was written like it's supposed to sound

如果把它寫下來的話，它的發音應該是

it would be like this..

它會長得像這樣...

Well phonetically it's

按照語音學上來說，應該是

ʃ

ʃ

ə

ə

n

n

These are the phonetic symbols, the sounds, not the letters.

這些都是音標、聲音，而不是字母。

ʃ - an unvoiced consonant sound.

ʃ — 無聲子音。

ə - the unstressed vowel sound, the schwa.

ə — 輕母音：中性母音。

And n - a voiced consonant sound.

以及 n — 有聲子音。

Now bring all of those sounds together and you get

現在把這些所有音組合在一起，你就會得出

-tion.

-tion.

It's really, really fast.

它真的真的唸很快。

In fact, often the schwa sound is absorbed into the consonant sounds.

事實上，經常會將中性母音吸收進子音中。

Because it's unstressed, we hardly hear it at all.

因為它是輕音，我們幾乎聽不到它。

So if you see it in a dictionary written like this,

所以，如果你在字典裡看到這樣的寫法，

it means that the sound is absorbed into the consonant sounds around it.

代表這個聲音會吸收進附近的子音中。

Now these words are a special bonus for Spanish and Portuguese, Italian and French and German and Dutch native speakers

現在這些單字是為西班牙文、葡萄牙文、義大利文、法文、德文，以及荷蘭文母語人士特別準備的，

because there are patterns between words in your language and words in English

因為在你們的語言和英文中，有的單字存在著一些模式，

which means you instantly know the meaning of thousands of English words.

這代表你可以馬上了解上千個英文單字的意思。

The pronunciation rules that you learn in this lesson will help you to correctly pronounce all of these words in English.

你在這堂課所學到的發音規則，將幫助你正確唸出英文中的這些字。

Okay let's build up with some extra syllables to practise using this suffix within some bigger words.

好的，那我們慢慢拉長額外的音節，在其他更長的單字中練習這個後綴。

Okay? Practise out loud with me.

好嗎？ 和我一起大聲練習。

Caution.

小心

Tradition.

傳統

Frustration.

挫折

Conversation.

對話

Now there are a couple of exceptions to this pronunciation rule.

這個發音規則也有幾個例外。

Just a couple, so don't worry!

就只有幾個而已，別擔心！

When the consonant sound is the sound right before the -tion,

當子音的聲音就正在 -tion 前時，

the pronunciation becomes /tʃən/ instead of

發音就會變成 /tʃən/，而不是

instead of

也不是

Question.

問題

Exhaustion.

疲憊

Digestion.

消化

One of the wonderful patterns that exists in English is that you can attach -tion to the end of many verbs to create a noun.

英文中有一個很奇妙的模式，就是你可以將 -tion 加到很多動詞後面，把它們通通變成名詞。

It creates the noun that is the action of the verb.

創造出動詞動作的名詞。

I mean take a look at how many there are,

我想說的是，看看它們有多少，

and these are just a few!

而這些只是一部分而已！

In an earlier lesson, I talked about the importance of word stress in spoken English.

在之前的課程裡，我談過單字重音在英文口語的重要性。

Using the correct word stress will help you to sound much more natural when you speak English.

正確唸出單字重音，可以幫助你在說英文時聽起來更自然。

Like I said, the -tion suffix is always unstressed.

如我所說的， -tion 的後綴都是輕音。

So which syllable should you stress?

所以哪個音節你要發重音呢？

It's actually simple, it's the syllable before -tion.

其實非常簡單，就是 -tion 前的那個音節。

The stress pattern is consistent throughout English pronunciation.

在整個英文的發音中，重音的模式都是一致的。

The syllable before -tion is the stressed syllable.

-tion 前的音節都是重音音節。

Action.

動作

Caution.

小心

Tradition.

傳統

Frustration.

挫折

Connection.

連結

Donation.

捐贈

Repetition.

重複

Inspiration.

靈感

Construction.

建造

Invention.

發明

Infection.

傳染

Description.

描述

Collection.

收集

Interruption.

打斷

Population.

人口

Celebration.

慶祝

Innovation.

創新

Transformation.

變化

It's consistent across all syllables.

所有音節都是一致的。

-tion doesn't have to be the final suffix either, it can followed by -al or -ally.

-tion 也不一定是最後的後綴，後面可以加上 -al或-ally。

Traditional. Traditionally.

International.

Internationally.

But the stress pattern is exactly the same - even now!

即使是現在，重音的模式完全是一樣的！

The stress syllable is the one before -tion

重音音節就在 -tion 的前面

International.

Traditionally.

Well that's it for this lesson!

好的，這就是今天的課程！

I hope that this little pronunciation tip

我希望這小小的發音訣竅，

showed you just how easy it is to start practising the correct pronunciation of all of these words.

可以證明開始練習這些單字的正確發音有多簡單。

Remember that there are thousands of them in English.

要記得，它們在英文中是有上千個的。

Make sure you subscribe and check out some of my other pronunciation lessons right here.

一定要訂閱我的頻道，並看看我這裡其他的發音課程。

Thanks for watching today and I'll see you next week.

謝謝你們今天的觀看，我們下星期見。

Bye for now!

先這樣囉，拜拜！