Name: 番茄醬源於亞洲的魚露！？ (How Ketchup Started As A Fish Sauce From Asia)
Uploaded: 2024-10-08T21:01:20.000Z
Duration: 3 min 39 s

97% of Americans have a bottle in their fridge.

97%的美國人的冰箱裡都有一瓶。

It's the sauce we put on our hamburgers, our hot dogs, and our french fries.

這是我們放在漢堡包上的醬料，我們的熱狗，和我們的薯條。

But the story of ketchup actually begins in Asia.

但番茄醬的故事其實是從亞洲開始的。

We think of ketchup as a thick red sauce, but it was something pretty different in the beginning.

我們認為番茄醬是一種濃厚的紅色醬汁，但一開始是很不一樣的東西。

It originated as a thin soy sauce made from fermented fish most likely from a region called Tonkin, or in what we call Vietnam today.

它的起源是用發酵的魚肉製成的稀薄醬油，最有可能來自一個叫東江的地區，或在我們今天所說的越南。

It was common throughout Southeast Asia in the 17th century.

番茄醬在 17 世紀東南亞各地普遍存在。

Ketchup was called kêtsiap, a Chinese word from the Amoy dialect that translates to "brine of pickled fish."

番茄醬被稱為 kêtsiap，這是一個來自廈門方言的中文詞，意思是「醃魚的鹽水」。

I look at that and say, how is that possible that this little product that starts in Indonesia, goes to UK, comes to the US, and then, all of a sudden spread across this world.

我看了看，說，這怎麼可能？這個始於印尼的小產品去到英國，來美國，然後，突然間遍佈這個世界。

The British had a colony in what is today Indonesia, and it is there that they first ran into the word kêtsiap, which meant to them soy sauce.

英國人在現在的印尼有一塊殖民地，也就是在那裡，他們第一次接觸到 kêtsiap 這個詞，這對他們來說意味著醬油。

Many other people visited them, they fell in love with soy sauce, and they liked to take the idea back to England.

很多人参觀了他們，他們愛上了醬油，他們喜歡把這個想法帶回英國。

The problem was there were no soybeans growing in England at the time, so they began to experiment.

問題是當時在英國沒有黃豆生長，於是他們開始試驗。

Rather than soybeans, "let's do mushrooms."

與其用黃豆，不如用「蘑菇」。

"Let's do fish." And so they had fish ketchup.

「讓我們做魚吧。」於是他們就有了魚番茄醬。

And they said, "Let's do beans, so let's have bean ketchup."

他們說：「我們用豆子做吧，來做豆子番茄醬。」

So it became a long series of products that did not include tomatoes.

於是，它成了一個長長的系列產品，其中不包括番茄。

So it really was something that was common and did not have a specific meaning other than it was a main product that was spiced.

所以它確實是一種很常見的東西，除了是一種加香料的主要產品外，並沒有什麼特殊的意義。

There are no rules for how the spell the word "ketchup" or for what defines it, so cooks experimented with a variety of ingredients to season meat, fish, bread, whatever needed flavor.

對於「番茄醬」這個詞的拼寫或定義沒有規則，因此廚師們嘗試使用各種各樣的配料來調味肉類、魚類、麵包以及任何需要的口味。

Andrew Smith's book, "Pure Ketchup," contains 50 different historical ketchup recipes, including Eliza Smith's 1727 recipe which was the first one published in English.

安德魯史密斯 (Andrew Smith) 的書《純番茄醬》包含 50 種不同的歷史番茄醬配方，包括伊麗莎史密斯 (Eliza Smith) 1727 年的配方，這是第一個以英文出版的配方。

Some of the listed ingredients are anchovies, shallots, white wine vinegar, white wine, mace, ginger, cloves, peppers, a nutmeg, a lemon peel, and horseradish.

列出的一些成分包括鯷魚、青蔥、白葡萄酒醋、白葡萄酒、肉荳蔻、生薑、丁香、胡椒、肉荳蔻、檸檬皮和辣根。

So what happened to all those varieties of ketchup?

那麼，那些品種的番茄醬怎麼了？

The 1812 recipe from James Mease is the first appearance of tomatoes in ketchup.

詹姆斯·米斯 (James Mease) 在 1812 年的食譜中首次在番茄醬中加入番茄。

But wait, what about Heinz, the ketchup we know and love?

但是，等等，亨氏呢，我們熟知和喜愛的番茄醬？

H.J. Heinz was in the right place at the right time with the right product.

H.J.亨氏在正確的時間出現在正確的地點，與合適的產品。

So in one sense, it was just pure luck that he had a good product at the time that french fries came in, at the time that hot dogs came in, at the time that hamburgers came in.

因此從某種意義上來說，在炸薯條、熱狗和漢堡包問世的時代，他能推出好產品純屬運氣。

And it very quickly took over the market and it has dominated the market for the last 100 years.

它很快就佔領了市場，並在過去 100 年裡一直佔據主導地位。

While tomato-based ketchup is the most common now, there are still specialty versions with spinach, carrots and butternut squash, cinnamon and cloves, jalapenos, Vindaloo spices, bacon, and truffles.

雖然現在最常見的是番茄醬，但也有加了菠菜、胡蘿蔔和南瓜、肉桂和丁香、墨西哥胡椒、咖哩香料、培根和松露的特色版本。

So the next time you grab that bottle of ketchup, remember, it wasn't always tomato-based, and it traveled the world before it go to you.

所以，下次你拿起那瓶番茄醬時，請記住，它並不總是以番茄為原料，而且在到達你手中之前，它已經走遍了世界各地。

Oh, look at that. It sticks. It doesn't drip off.

哦，看看這個。粘住了，不會滴下去。

Let me have another one here to make sure the quality is as good as it should be.

讓我再來一隻，確認一下品質有應有的水準。