Dan: Hello. I'm Dan. Neil, aren't you going

丹：你好，我是丹。我是丹。尼爾，你不準備

to say the 'welcome to 6 Minute English' bit?

要說'歡迎來到6分鐘英語'這句話？

Neil: Hmmm maybe. How's your mood

尼爾：嗯，也許吧。你的心情如何

today, Dan? Feeling happy?

今天，丹？覺得開心嗎？

Dan: Oh yes, very happy. I've just had

丹：哦，是的，非常高興。我剛剛吃

lunch. What about you?

午餐。你呢？

Neil: Well, to be honest, I haven't had the

尼爾：好吧，說實話，我還沒有

chance to eat yet and it's making me a bit

還沒來得及吃，讓我有點...

grumpy.

暴躁的。

Dan: Why haven't you eaten?

丹：你怎麼還沒吃飯？

Neil: Well, I was doing some research for

尼爾：嗯，我在做一些研究，為了

today's topic which is all about feeling

今天關於餓了就生氣的主題

angry when you are hungry. You know

你知道

what I'm talking about?

我在說什麼嗎？

Dan: Oh yes, we're talking about being

丹：哦，是的，我們正在談論

'hangry'. It's quite a new word, isn't it?

"hangry"。這是一個相當新的詞，不是嗎？

A combination

一個組合

of hungry and angry.

的飢餓和憤怒。

Neil: Yes, hangry is our topic. But before

尼爾：是的，hangry是我們的主題。但是在

we learn more about it, here's today's

我們瞭解到更多的資訊，下面是今天的。

quiz. English has quite a few words which

測驗。英語中有不少單詞是

are made by joining two

是由兩個

different words together

不同的字組合

like 'hangry', for example: brunch, motel,

如'hangry'，例如：早午餐、汽車旅館。

Brexit. What do we call these words? Are they…

Brexit。我們怎麼稱呼這些詞？它們是...

a) Suitcase words

(a) 手提箱詞

b) Portmanteau words, or

(b) 多音字，或：

c) Backpack words

c) 揹包詞

Dan: Well, I think I know this one, so I'll

丹：好吧，我想我知道這個，所以我會

keep the answer to myself - don't want to

放在心裡，不想要

give away any spoilers. What I do want to

洩露任何。我想說的是

know is if hanger is a real thing – or is

知道的是，hanger是一個真實的東西 - 或者是

it just something that's been made up by

被脾氣暴躁的人編造的而已，

grumpy people, like you?

比如你？

Neil: Let's hear from Sophie Medlin, who

讓我們聽聽索菲-梅德林的意見，她

is a lecturer in nutrition and dietetics at

營養學和飲食學講師

King's College London. Is hangar a real

在倫敦國王學院。hanger是真的嗎？

thing and where does the word come from?

這個詞是怎麼來的？

Sophie Medlin: We've long recognised

蘇菲-梅德林。我們早就認識到

that hunger leads to irritability - in science.

飢餓會導致煩躁不安--在科學上。

But the wonderful world of social media

但社交媒體的精彩世界

has merged the two words for us

合二為一

and now we know

現在我們知道

it as hanger.

它作為hanger。

Neil: So, is hangar a real thing and where

那麼，hanger是一個真實的東西，在哪裡？

does she say the word comes from?

她說這個詞的來歷嗎？

Dan: According to Medlin it is a real thing.

丹：根據梅德林的說法，這是一個真實的事情。

She says that science has recognised that

她說，科學已經認識到

hunger leads to irritability. Irritability

飢餓會導致煩躁不安。煩躁

is a noun which means being easily annoyed,

是一個名詞，意思是容易被惹惱。

not in a good mood.

心情不好。

Neil: And she says that it was the

她說這是... ...

wonderful world of social media that

社交媒體的精彩世界

joined the two

兩者結合

words together. She used the verb merge.

詞在一起。她用的是動詞合併。

Merge, meaning join together.

合，指合在一起。

Dan: I know social media is responsible

丹：我知道社交媒體是負責任的

for many things, but the word hangry actually

很多事情，但 "hangry "這個字其實

appeared in the 1990s – so a little before

出現在20世紀90年代--所以在稍早於

the arrival of social media. But it's certainly

社交媒體的到來。但肯定是

true that social media has made it more prominent.

社交媒體使其更加突出。

Neil: Me, right now, hashtag hangry!

尼爾：我，現在，掛著這個標籤!

Let's listen to that clip again.

我們再來聽聽這個片段。

Sophie Medlin: We've long recognised

蘇菲-梅德林。我們早就認識到

that hunger leads to irritability - in science.

飢餓會導致煩躁不安--在科學上。

But the wonderful world of social media

但社交媒體的精彩世界

has merged the two words for us and

已經為我們合併了這兩個詞，並且

now we know it as hanger.

現在我們知道它是hanger。

Neil: So now we know that hangar is a

所以現在我們知道那個hanger是一個...

real thing, let's learn a bit more about it.

真正的東西，讓我們多瞭解一下。

Why does it happen? Why do we get

為什麼會這樣？為什麼我們會

angry when we are hungry?

餓了就生氣？

Here's Sophie Medlin again.

蘇菲-梅德林又來了。

Sophie Medlin: As the blood sugars drop,

蘇菲-梅德林隨著血糖的下降，

we increase our cortisol and adrenalin – so

我們增加了我們的皮質醇和腎上腺素--所以。

our kind of fight or flight hormones – and

我們的那種戰鬥或飛行激素 - 和

those have an impact on our brain and the

這些都會對我們的大腦和

neuropeptides – the things that control

神經肽--控制的東西

our brain, the chemicals in our brain, the

我們的大腦，在我們的大腦的化學物質，

ones the trigger for hunger are the same

飢餓的誘因是相同的，和

ones that trigger for anger and also for rage and

觸發憤怒(的誘因)，也觸發憤怒和

impulsive type behaviours. So that's why

衝動型行為。所以這就是為什麼

you get that sort of same response.

你會得到那些類型的反應。

Neil: So it's all to do with blood sugar,

尼爾：所以這一切都和血糖有關。

isn't it?

不是嗎？

Dan: Yes, it seems so. When we are

丹：是的，似乎是這樣。當我們

hungry the level of sugar in our

飢餓，糖分含量

blood is lower and

在我們的血液中很低

this causes an increase in particular

這就導致了

hormones. Hormones are the

荷爾蒙。荷爾蒙是

chemicals we make in our

在我們身體製造的化學品

bodies that control certain biological

它控制某些生物的機構

and psychological functions.

和心理功能。

Neil: The hormones released when we are

尼爾：當我們飢餓的時候釋放的荷爾蒙。

hungry are the same as our

和我們

fight or flight hormones.

戰鬥或飛行激素一樣。

They are the hormones that the body

它們是身體的荷爾蒙

uses to prepare us to either

用來為我們做準備

fight or run away from

打架或是逃跑

a dangerous situation.

從險境中。

Dan: When these hormones are

丹：當這些荷爾蒙

increased, it can cause anger and rage.

增加了，就會引起憤怒和憤怒。

Rage is another

憤怒是另一種

word for being very angry.

非常生氣的詞。

Neil: And when we are angry we can

當我們生氣的時候，我們會

behave impulsively. Impulsive

衝動的行為。衝動

behaviour is when we

行為是當我們

do things without thinking, without

不思考就行動

considering the consequences.

考慮到後果，

Dan: So when we are hungry, the same

丹：所以，當我們餓的時候，同樣的。

emotions can run through us.

情緒會貫穿我們的內心。

We can be angry and make

我們會生氣且做出

poor decisions. And that is hanger.

糟糕的決定。而這就是hanger。

Neil: Which brings us nicely to our quiz

這讓我們很好地進入了我們的測驗階段

question. What do we call words, like

問題。我們怎麼稱呼單字，比如

hanger, that are

hanger

made by joining two different words

由兩個不同單字組合

together? Now you said you knew the

一起？現在你說你知道

answer Dan?

答案丹？

Dan: I did!

丹：我有!

Neil: What was it?

尼爾：那是什麼？

Dan: Portmanteau words.

然後：混成詞

Neil: And you are absolutely correct.

尼爾：你說的完全正確。

The answer is portmanteau words.

答案是混成詞。

Congratulations if you knew that.

如果你知道，恭喜你。

Dan: I did.

丹：我有。

Neil: Alright then smarty pants. No need

好吧，那就自作聰明吧。不需要

to boast!

吹噓

Dan: I can see that you're

丹：我看得出來，你

still a bit hangry Neil.

還是有點hangry, 尼爾。

Neil: Yes, I'm hungry and that is making

是的，我很餓，這讓我。

me angry! But I think I can hold on to get

很生氣！但我想我可以堅持下去

through a review of the rest

到複習

of today's vocabulary.

今天的詞彙。

Dan: Well, we also had the noun irritability,

丹：嗯，我們還有名詞煩躁。

meaning getting annoyed very easily, just

意思是說很容易煩，

like…

就像...

Neil: Don't, just don't. Or I might just

不要，不要說。不然我可能

merge my fist with your face.

把我的拳頭和你的臉合二為一

Dan: Ouch. Yes, merge meaning join

丹：哎呀。是的，合併的意思是把

different things together. I can see your

不同的東西加在一起。我可以看到你的

fight or flight

打或飛行

hormones are kicking in. Those

荷爾蒙正在起作用。那些

chemicals in the body that prepare us

體內的化學物質，為我們做好準備

for aggression or escape.

為侵略或逃跑。

Neil: I haven't quite reached rage yet.

尼爾：我還沒有完全達到憤怒的程度。

This was another of our words, rage,

這是我們的另一個詞，憤怒。

and it means a state of being

而它意味著一種狀態

very, very angry.

非常，非常生氣。

Dan: Our last word was impulsive.

丹：我們最後一句話是衝動。

This is an adjective to describe

這是個形容詞，用來形容

when we do things

當我們做事情

without really thinking about them.

但沒有真正去想它們。

We just do them without any control and

我們沒有任何控制和

without thinking

沒有思考

about the consequences.

後果(就去做某件事)

Neil: Now I'm off, I'm starving.

現在我走了，我餓死了。

I've got to eat before I do

我得先吃飯，在我做

something impulsive.

一些衝動的事情前

That is it for this programme.

本節目到此結束。

For more, find us on Facebook, Twitter,

更多資訊，請在Facebook、Twitter上找到我們。

Instagram and our

Instagram和我們的

YouTube pages, and of course our

YouTube頁面，當然還有我們的

website bbclearningenglish.com,

網站bbclearningenglish.com。

where you can find all kinds

在這裡你可以找到各種

of other programmes

其他節目

and videos and activities

以及視頻和活動

to help you improve your English.

來幫助你提高英語水平。

Thank you for joining us and

謝謝你的加入和

goodbye.

再見了

Dan: Bye!

丹：再見!