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  • So about a decade ago I realized that if we were going to go to Mars with people it would

  • be really expensive, and so I thought to myself: what activities have human cultures engaged

  • in, in the past that were as expensive as what it might be to go to Mars and what motivated

  • them to spend that money? I was going to fill a whole book, "Motivations to do Great Things,

  • Great Expensive Things," and then I'd find the task, I'd find the activity that most

  • closely resembled what it would be to go to Mars in the 21st century and I'd say, oh,

  • is that what that culture did with their population, is that how they raised the money, is that

  • how they convinced the people? I was going to fill a whole book of this. It would be

  • a nice little reference catalog about how to get something done in modern times.

  • In conducting that exercise what I found is that there are only three drivers, not more,

  • not less, three drivers that account for the most expensive, ambitious projects humans

  • have ever undertaken. One of them is the praise of deity or royalty. That's what got you the

  • pyramids. They're basically expensive tombstones. That's what got the cathedral and church building

  • of Europe. That was a period where huge fractions of societal investment went into those activities.

  • There is less of that today, so that's not really a useful driver to think about how

  • we might transform the 21st century. Another driver is war. Nobody wants to die. That gets

  • you the Great Wall of China. That gets you the Manhattan Project where we built the bomb.

  • That gets you the Apollo Project. Another driver, the search for economic returnnobody

  • wants to die, nobody wants to die poor. The search for economic return, that's what is

  • responsible for the Columbus voyages, the Magellan voyages, Lewis and Clark figuring

  • out what is beyond that frontier in hugely expensive enterprises, conducted by governments.

  • So if we're going to go to Mars, and if war is not the driverbecause it could easily

  • become the driver if you get another space race with someone we view as a military adversary;

  • I wonder who that might bebut if peaceful heads prevail, then war is not the driver

  • available to you. Let's check our list. Well, kings and gods are not sufficient in modern

  • times to undergo heavy projects such as that. What's left? The promise of economic return.

  • You can go into space, transform society, change the zeitgeist of your culture, turn

  • everyone into people who embrace and value science, technology, engineering and math,

  • the STEM field. Whether or not people go into space or serve the space industry they will

  • have the sensitivity to those fields necessary to stimulate unending innovation in the technological

  • fields, and it's that innovation in the 21st century that will drive tomorrow's economies.

  • Any frontier in space now involves biologistswe're looking for life—, chemists, geologists,

  • physicists, mechanical engineering, electrical engineers, aerospace engineers, astrophysicists,

  • all the traditional sciences and engineering frontiers are captured in any ambitious goal

  • to explore space. We can recapture those times and reinvent America. We've already invented

  • America once before. It's ripe. It's ready and it's willing, I think, to be invented

  • again.

So about a decade ago I realized that if we were going to go to Mars with people it would

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Neil deGrasse Tyson:3種恐懼驅使我們完成非凡的事情。 (Neil deGrasse Tyson: The 3 Fears That Drive Us to Accomplish Extraordinary Things)

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    VoiceTube 發佈於 2021 年 01 月 14 日
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