Confident English lesson where we are focused on how to prepare for a

《自信說英文》的課程，今天我們的主題是 「如何準備

presentation in English and I'm going to share with you seven simple strategies

英文報告？」，我要分享七個簡單的策略給你

that will remove some of the stress, the fear or the anxiety that you have about

當你需要用英文報告時，這些可以幫助你減輕壓力、恐懼和焦慮

giving a presentation in English. Of course a presentation is when you have

當然，報告就是當你必須

to speak in front of a group of people to present your research, your expertise

站在一群人面前去展現你的研究、你的專業

or some important information. That might be in front of a hundred people, 500

或是一些重要的資訊。你可能會站在 100 人、500 人

people or a thousand at a huge international conference. It might be in

或是 1000 人面前的大型國際會議。也可能是站在

front of your colleagues at a business meeting. Those different kinds of

你同事面前的公司會議。面對那些不同型態的

presentations have two things in common -- number one the fears that we have are

報告有共同的兩點 -- 第一點，我們都會有相同的恐懼感

the same, whether it's a small group or a huge audience

不論是在小組或是龐大的觀眾

we might be afraid of what will other people think, will they understand us and

我們都害怕其他人的想法，他們是否理解我們？

how will they judge us in our second language? What happens if you make a

他們會怎麼評論我們的第二語言？如果你出錯

mistake or even worse if you forget a word or the grammar that you want to use

或是更糟情況，當你在報告時，你忘記單字或文法

while you're speaking? And number three what if someone asks you a question and

這時怎麼辦？第三，如果有人問你問題

you're not really sure if you understand the question correctly? Those fears are

但你不確定你是否正確地了解問題？這些恐懼

the first thing that both small and large presentations have in common. The

都是在小型和大型報告中首先會遇到的

second thing they have in common are the strategies that help us overcome

共同的第二點是策略有助我們克服

those challenges, overcome those worries so we can focus on communicating clearly

困難、消除擔憂，因此我們可以專注於清楚地溝通

being confident and prepared when you give your presentation.

當你報告時，是有自信且準備齊全的

So let's get started on those seven strategies that you can use to be

現在我們開始介紹七個策略，你可以利用它們

successfully prepared for a presentation in English. Step number one planning.

順利地準備英文報告。策略一，計畫

Planning is essential but I want to give you a different way to think about this

計畫是必要的，但我想給你不一樣的思考方向

I want you to ask yourself two questions number one where is your audience right

我想讓你問自己兩個問題，第一個問題是你的觀眾現在在哪裡？

now and I don't mean the location or the place but I mean what do they understand

我不是問地點，我的意思是他們對你的主題

about the topic that you need to focus on? If you're talking about marketing

了解多少？如果你報告的是

strategy and a proposal to a client what do they understand now or if you're

市場策略和提案給客戶，他們對此了解多少？或是

presenting scientific research what level of understanding does your

如果你呈現科學研究，那們你的觀眾對

audience have on that topic or if you're trying to convince an audience of

此研究主題了解程度到哪裡？或是如果你試圖要說服

something you want to change their mind or you want them to act on something

你的觀眾改變想法或做一些事情

what is their current position now? The second question is after you speak where

你需要知道他們目前的位置在哪裡？第二個問題是在你報告結束後

do you want your audience to be? What do you want them to understand or know?What

你希望讓你的觀眾獲得什麼？你希望他們了解什麼？

action do you want them to take? When you know those two questions

你希望他們採取什麼行動？當你知道這兩個問題時

it's like figuring out a map you have your starting point for your audience

就像理解一張地圖那樣，你為你的觀眾準備好開頭和

and the end point and your job in the presentation is to get them from point A

結論，然後你的工作就是在報告中帶領他們從開頭

to point B and when you think about those two questions

到結尾了解你報告的內容，並且當你想到這兩個問題時

it helps you to consider what are the important things you need to discuss in

這會幫助你思考，你需要在報告中討論哪些重要的事情？

your presentation what do you need to highlight how can you help your audience

你需要強調哪些內容使你的觀眾可以

go from here point A to point B where you want them. That is your first step in

了解你想要傳達給他們的理念。這是你計畫的第一步

the planning process. Strategy number two is to know who and what. What I mean by

策略二，了解對象和內容。我的意思是

that is after you've figured out your map you know

在你釐清你的地圖後你知道

where your audience is starting and where you want them to be after your

你的觀眾從哪裡開始，並且知道你希望他們在你報告後

presentation it's really important to know who you're speaking to and what

理解多少，這非常重要，你必須知道你要報告的對象是誰

should you say to them. If you are a software developer and you are going to

還有你應該對他們說什麼。如果你是一個軟體研發者，然後你要對

speak at a conference with other software developers they speak the same

其他同樣是軟體研發者在會議裡報告，他們和你用同樣

language as you they use the same jargon, the same vocabulary, they understand the

的術語、同樣的詞彙，他們理解

same concepts but what if you're a software developer and you've created a

相同的概念，但是假如你是個軟體研發者，然後你創造一個

new application and you're going to present this application to a group of

新的應用程式，你要把這個應用展示給

new moms? Suddenly what you say is probably going to change, you're going to

外行人，你可能必須改變你的說法，你需要使用

need different language, different vocabulary because that new group of

不同的語言、不同的詞彙，因為他們是外行人

moms probably doesn't know all the jargon and technical language that you

他們可能不知道所有你在每天工作上使用的專業術語

use in your everyday job. This is such an important step in communicating clearly.

這是清楚地溝通上非常重要的一步

When you understand what you should say and how you should say it to your

當你知道應該報告什麼、如何報告給你的觀眾

audience they can follow you more easily and feel connected to what you're saying.

他們較容易接受你而且對你說的話產生共鳴

Strategy 3 is to get organized. This is where you take all that information you

策略三，組織內容。你要將所有你想分享的資訊、

want to share, the key points, the details that you need to include. Maybe there are

關鍵點和細節包含在裡面。也許

some data, statistics, information that is essential and you need to start to

一些數據、分析和資訊是必須的，然後你需要開始

organize it. Typically in English we have three sections in a presentation, we have

組織整理它。一般來說，英文報告我們分為三部分，第一部分是

the introduction or the opening and this is where you present your idea you give

介紹或前言，就是將你要表達的主旨

a quick overview of the primary focus. The second section is what we call the

快速的概述一次。第二部分就是本文

body and in this body you have your key points and your supporting details and

你有主要論點和支持論點的細節內容在本文裡

then finally section three is the closing. Now I'm not going to talk too

然後最後部分就是結論。現在我沒有要說

much about that because I actually have other lessons specifically

太多關於這三部分的內容，因為我已經在其他的課程詳細

for each of those different sections -- what you should include, how to be better

介紹每一個部分的內容 -- 你應該包含哪些內容？要如何

prepared for each part of your presentation. Strategy number four is

準備報告的每個部份？策略四是

show don't tell. What I mean by that is people love stories they remember

要展示，不要陳述。我的意思是人們都喜歡聽故事，然後他們較容易

stories and they remember things that are visual. If you're giving a

透過視覺記故事或事情。如果你的

presentation that has a lot of data, statistics, numbers, dates, times and

報告有很多數據、分析、數字、日期、時間和

important little pieces of information consider some other ways that you can

重要但瑣碎的資訊時，你可以考慮使用一些方法

help your audience understand those important details. Perhaps there is a

幫助你的觀眾了解那些重要的細節。可能是

story or a graph, a chart, some visual cue a picture that you can share that will

用故事、圖表或一些視覺圖片

help your audience visualize and more easily remember the things that you

讓你的觀眾視覺化內容，也較容易記得你

really want to share with them. Now if you want more information about what I

想要表達的東西。現在如果你想要了解更多資訊

mean when I say show don't tell I do have an example of this in the

有關「要展示，不要陳述」，我有個例子在

online lesson so after you watch this video make sure to check that out to get

線上課程裡，所以當你看完這部影片後，可以點進去

my example of showing and not telling. Strategy number five talk don't read.

看我給的例子。策略五是用說的而不是讀的

Talk to your audience, look at them, communicate with them. I'm sure that

和你的觀眾對話，眼神交流和他們溝通，我相信

you've been in a business meeting or at a presentation where someone just read

你一定遇過有人報告是用 「讀」的

the information to you and it might have sounded like this -- Strategy number five

就像現在這樣 -- 策略五是

talk don't read it's important to connect to your audience and to look at

用說的而不是讀的，和你的觀眾常常眼神交流是非常重要的

them regularly so they feel engaged in your topic. Now did that look and sound

他們會覺得有進入狀況的。這樣的說話方式你覺得

like I was connecting to you, like I was talking to you? Probably not.

你有和我產生共鳴嗎，我有像在跟你說話嗎？可能沒有。

Number one my eyes were focused on what I was reading not on you

第一點，我的眼睛專注於我的講稿而不是你

or not on the audience and my voice changed, my intonation, the way I

也不是觀眾，然後我的聲音改變，語調表達

expressed myself changed so as much as possible when you prepare for your

盡可能有高低起伏，當你在準備報告的時候

presentation you want to be sure that you're ready to

你必須確定你已經準備好

talk and communicate with your audience, that you know your presentation and you

和你的觀眾溝通，還要確定你深入了解內容

can talk about it without reading everything. Of course having notes is a

使得你可以不用讀所有講稿去報告。當然有小抄

great strategy. I always recommend having a few key points written down, maybe a

是很棒的策略。我很建議你可以寫下幾個關鍵字，也許是個

mind map or something that helps you stay focused and organized and makes

心智圖或是一些可以幫助你組織內容，使你

sure that you don't forget anything but you want to know your material and that

不會忘記你的所有內容，而且可以

will help your audience be focused on you, listening to what you're saying and

幫助你的觀眾全神貫注在你身上，聽你說的話

help you to be a much more effective speaker in English. Strategy number six

使你成為一個更有效率的英文演講者。策略六是

is to think ahead. One of those fears that we talked about is the fear of

提前思考。我們知道其中一個恐懼就是

someone asking a question and you don't understand it which is a terrible

當別人問問題時，害怕自己無法回答，這是最糟糕的感覺

feeling. After you've started to plan your presentation and you know where

在你開始規畫你的報告，你知道

your audience is starting, where you want them to be and the best way for you to

你的觀眾先前了解多少，還有你的目的和利用最合適的方法

communicate with them, if you think about what words and language to use and

與他們溝通後，如果你思考要用什麼詞彙或語言

you've started to organize your key points, all of the details you need to

你將開始組織地的關鍵點和所有細節

include, you can begin to anticipate, think ahead about what are some of the

你可以開始預先思考有哪些是

missing pieces, what are some potential questions that

遺漏的資訊，有什麼問題可能是

someone in the audience might ask you? When you are able to anticipate those

觀眾會問你的？當你能夠預測那些

questions you can also be prepared to answer them. Another great way to be

問題時，你可以準備一些答案去回應他們。另一個好方法是

prepared for this is to practice your presentation in front of your colleagues

你可以先在你的同事、朋友或是家人面前練習報告

your friends or family and then see what questions they have at the end of your

然後報告完後，看他們會問你什麼問題

presentation. Again that will help you either put the missing pieces into your

再說一次，這會幫助你找到遺漏的資訊補到你的

presentation -- maybe there's something you forgot about or didn't think about -- or it

報告裡 -- 也許有一些是你忘記或沒想到的內容 -- 或

can help you be prepared for those potential questions at the end.

這可以幫助你準備一些可能被問到的問題

And finally strategy number seven is practice. Practice

最後策略七就是練習，練習、

practice, practice. The more you practice the more you will really know your

練習、練習。你練習得越多，你將會更加了解你的報告

presentation. You will know the language you want to use, you'll be able to

你會更清楚要用什麼語言表達，你能夠

remember the vocabulary and the grammar that you need, you'll be able to talk and

記得你要用的詞彙和文法，你也會與觀眾溝通

connect to your audience instead of reading. And most importantly it will

和他們產生連結，而不是讀講稿。最重要的是

help your confidence. Now many people encourage you to

可以幫助你建立自信心。許多人鼓勵你

practice for example in front of a mirror and that's a great strategy

在鏡子前面練習，這是絕對是個好方法

absolutely, but I want to ask you to do one more thing. I want you to practice

但是我想要你做更多事情。我想要你邊練習

your presentation while you record yourself and here's why -- when you

報告邊錄自己的聲音，原因是 -- 當你

practice in front of a mirror it's very difficult to notice any mistakes or

在鏡子前面練習時，很難注意到自己犯的錯誤

challenges that you have in your speaking. You're too busy in the moment

或是說得不好的地方。你當下專注於

practicing but when you record yourself when you're finished you can go back and

練習，但是你錄音的話，你可以在你報告完後

listen to it. And at this moment you have time to analyze what you've said. Is that

重聽音檔。此時，你就有時間去分析你說話的內容

how you wanted to communicate? Are you happy with what you said or do you want

是不是你想要的表達方式？你對自己說的滿意嗎？

to change something? It's essential to have this time to think about what

你想要改正一些東西嗎？這是很重要且需要時間去思考

you've said and it gives you the opportunity to make those changes. The

你的說話方式和內容，也給你機會去做些改正

best news is no one else needs to hear your recording. When you're finished with

最棒的是沒有人會聽你的錄音檔。當你完成後

it you can delete it and no one else needs to know but it will give you the

你可以刪除音檔，因此沒有人會知道，但是這可以給你

opportunity to perfect what you say, make different grammar choices, different

機會讓你的報告更完美，可以選擇不同的文法、

vocabulary choices and feel much more confident in how you plan to

不同的字彙，而且還可以更有信心去規劃

communicate in your presentation. As always I do have a challenge question

你的報告。我總是給你具有挑戰性的問題

for you, I want you to visit the online lesson and in the comment section I want

我希望你可以瀏覽線上課程，然後我希望你可以在留言板

you to tell me have you ever given a presentation in English and, if you have,

告訴我你是否曾用英文報告，如果有的話

what is one piece of advice that you would share with someone else? In this

你會給予其他人什麼樣的建議？

video today I shared my advice with these seven strategies but I'm sure that

在今天的影片中，我分享了七個策略，但我相信

you also have some fantastic advice from your experience.

從你的經驗裡，你也有一些很棒的建議

I'd love for you to share that with me and with others in the Confident English

希望你可以和我、和自信說英文的社群裡的人分享

Community and you can do that by sharing in the comment section at the bottom of

你可以分享在課程底下的留言板

the lesson. With that thank you so much for joining me. If you found this lesson

非常感謝你看我的影片，如果你覺得這堂課

useful to you be sure to share it on Facebook and give it a thumbs up on

對你很有幫助，請分享到 Facebook，然後在 YouTube 按讚

YouTube and I look forward to seeing you next week for your Confident English

期待下週的《自信說英文》課程

lesson.

再看到你