Name: 為什麼赤道上有企鵝？(Why Are There Penguins At The Equator?)
Uploaded: 2021-03-14T21:01:10.000Z
Duration: 2 min 56 s

基礎被動語態

Penguins like the cold - they're built for it, and most live in the cold waters near Antarctica.

企鵝天生喜歡寒冷，大部分的企鵝住在靠近南極的寒冷水域。

But over 4000 miles north, in the tropical Galapagos Islands, you can also find penguins,

但 4000 英里以北，在熱帶地區的加拉巴哥群島上，你也可以找到企鵝的蹤跡，

because of something called the Cromwell Current.

這個現象的原因來自：克倫威爾海流。

This cold-water current flows from west to east at about a hundred meters below the ocean surface,

這個寒流在海面 100 公尺之下由西流往東，

until it collides with the underwater part of the Galapagos islands and turns upward towards the surface.

直到和加拉巴哥群島水下部分碰撞後往上流往海面。

The current helps the penguins stay cool, but even more importantly, it helps them eat.

這個洋流幫助企鵝保持涼爽，但最重要的是，它提供企鵝食物來源。

That's because it brings together nutrients and sunlight, the key ingredients that make green algae thrive, which allows penguins' food to thrive too.

洋流匯聚了養分和光線，這些是讓綠藻茁壯的重要元素，也讓企鵝的食物增多。

Across most of the ocean, there's a sort of cruel separation between these ingredients, because sunlight only penetrates the top layer of water, while nutrients sink.

大部分的海洋中，這些成分是被分離的，因為陽光只能穿透上層的水，而養分會下沉。

What's more, because the sun-warmed surface waters are less dense than the colder waters below, the two layers don't easily mix.

另外，被陽光溫暖的表層海水密度較下層冰冷海水低，所以兩層不易混合。

It takes winds or a current to bring the nutrient-rich waters up to the sunlit surface.

需要風或是洋流帶動充滿養分的海水往上流到有陽光的表面。

So, the ocean is like a salad dressing, where the denser vinegar stays trapped below the oil until you shake it up.

基本上，海洋就像沙拉醬，較為稠密的醋被困在油的下方，直到你搖動它。

Where the ocean doesn't get shaken up, both green algae and the critters that eat it are relatively sparse.

在海水無法混合的地方，綠藻和食用綠藻的生物相對較為稀疏。

But where it mixes, like at the Galapagos Islands, algae and the rest of the food chain can thrive.

但當海水混合時，像在加拉巴哥群島那樣，綠藻還有食物鏈上的其他食物，可以興旺成長。

Of course, penguins are more common in colder climates, partly because icy surface waters mix more readily with cold, nutrient-rich waters below.

當然，企鵝在寒冷的氣候區較為常見，有一部份是因為冰冷的表層海水和下方充滿養分的冷水更穩定混合。

But the world's cold, northern oceans don't have any penguins, because these flightless birds evolved in the South,

但世界上寒冷的北方海洋沒有任何一隻企鵝，因為這些不能飛行的鳥類在南方演化，

and it seems that although changes in climate over time may have helped them migrate northwards, there's simply too much warm, nutrient-poor water between them and the Arctic.

雖然氣候變化似乎能幫助他們往北遷移，但在企鵝和北極之間過於溫暖又缺乏營養的海水實在太多了。

In fact, the world's only northern penguins are the Galapagos penguins that live at the tip of Isabela Island, just a hair – or a feather – above the equator.

事實上，世界上唯一的北半球企鵝就是居住在伊莎貝拉島頂端的加拉巴哥斯企鵝－比赤道只再高一根毛髮、或一根羽毛

I'm not a penguin - I'm Ever, the creative director here at MinuteEarth.

我不是企鵝，我是 Ever，MinuteEarth 的創意總監。

Instead of fish, I need the internet to survive, and I have a ton of different accounts on all sorts of different websites.

不像企鵝需要魚，我需要網路才能存活，我有一大堆各種不同網頁的不同帳號。

For years, I created my passwords by relying on repetition, mnemonic devices and even post-it notes, which meant that they were very insecure and sometimes I lost them.

多年來，我依靠重複、記憶法，甚至便利貼來製作密碼，這代表它們並不安全，而且我有時候會弄丟。

But since we started using Dashlane, my life has changed.

但自從開始用了 Dashlane，我的人生改變了。

Dashlane generates and stores secure passwords for all my accounts and helps me change them when the time comes, so my memory is free to store more important things.

Dashlane 為我所有帳號產生並儲存安全密碼，也協助我變更密碼，所以我的記憶可以用來存放更重要的事情

If you also want to experience the peace of mind that comes with having secure passwords, try Dashlane for free today by clicking on the link in the video's description.

如果你想體驗安全穩固的密碼帶來的心神平靜，今天就點擊資訊欄的連結，免費試用 Dashlane，

You can also use the special promo code "minuteearth" to get 10% off Dashlane Premium.

也可以使用促銷代碼 minuteearth 獲得 Dashlane Premium 9 折優惠。

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為什麼赤道上有企鵝？(Why Are There Penguins At The Equator?)

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