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  • Visible from space,

    從太空就可看見

  • the Okavango Delta

    歐卡萬哥三角洲,

  • is Africa's largest remaining intact wetland wilderness.

    它是非洲剩下最大 且未受損的濕地荒野。

  • This shining delta in landlocked Botswana is the jewel of the Kalahari,

    這塊位在內陸波札那的閃耀三角洲,

  • more valuable than diamonds through the world's largest diamond producer

    是喀拉哈里的珠寶,

  • and celebrated in 2014

    比世界上最大的鑽石製造商 所做的鑽石還有價值,

  • as our planet's 1000th UNESCO World Heritage Site.

    在 2014 年,它有榮幸

  • Now, what you see here are the two major tributaries,

    被聯合國教科文組織列為 地球上的第一千個世界遺產。

  • the Cuito and the Cubango,

    畫面上的是兩條主要的支流,

  • disappearing up north into the little-known Angolan highlands.

    奎托河和古班哥河,

  • This is the largest undeveloped river basin on the planet,

    於北方消失在很少人 知道的安哥拉高地中。

  • spanning an area larger than California.

    這是地球上最大的未開發江河流域,

  • These vast, undeveloped Angolan watersheds were frozen in time

    橫跨的範圍比加州還大。

  • by 27 years of civil war.

    這些廣大、未開發的安哥拉流域,

  • In fact, Africa's largest tank battle since World War II

    被 27 年的內戰凍結。

  • was fought over a bridge crossing the Okavango's Cuito River.

    事實上,二次大戰之後 非洲最大的坦克戰役地點就在

  • There on the right,

    歐卡萬哥三角洲 一座跨越奎托河的橋上。

  • disappearing off into the unknown,

    在右手邊,

  • into the "Terra do fim do mundo" --

    消失在未知當中,

  • the land at the end of the earth,

    消失在「Terra do fim do mundo」中——

  • as it was known by the first Portuguese explorers.

    即:地球末端之地,

  • In 2001, at the age of 22,

    這是最初的葡萄牙探險家 給它起的名字。

  • I took a job as head of housekeeping at Vundumtiki Camp

    2001 年,22 歲時,

  • in the Okavango Delta ...

    我接下了伏杜姆提奇 營地的總務長一職,

  • a patchwork mosaic of channels, floodplains, lagoons

    營地位在歐卡萬哥三角洲……

  • and thousands upon thousands of islands to explore.

    這個地方就像是由水道、 泛濫平原、潟湖拼湊而成,

  • Home to the largest remaining population of elephants on the planet.

    還有數千座島嶼有待探索。

  • Rhinos are airlifted in C130s to find sanctuary in this wilderness.

    地球上所剩的大象, 大多居住在這個地方。

  • Lion,

    犀牛則被用 C130 運輸機 空運來這片荒野尋找保護區。

  • leopard,

    獅子、

  • hyena,

    黑豹、

  • wild dog,

    土狼、

  • cheetah,

    野狗、

  • ancient baobab trees that stand like cathedrals

    印度豹、

  • under the Milky Way.

    古老的猴麵包樹,就像大教堂一樣,

  • Here, I discovered something obvious:

    坐落在銀河之下。

  • wilderness is our natural habitat, too.

    在這裡,我發現了一件很明顯的事:

  • We need these last wild places to reconnect with who we really are.

    荒野也是我們天然的居住地。

  • We --

    我們需要這些最後的野外地區, 來重新連結我們的本質。

  • all seven billion of us --

    我們——

  • must never forget we are a biological species

    所有七十億人類——

  • forever bound to this particular biological world.

    永遠不能忘記我們是一種生物物種,

  • Like the waves connected to the ocean,

    永遠和這個特殊的 生物世界連結在一起。

  • we cannot exist apart from it --

    就像海浪和海洋連結在一起,

  • a constant flow of atoms and energy between individuals and species

    沒有它,我們不可能存在——

  • around the world in a day

    一天中,在全世界, 在個人和物種之間,

  • and out into the cosmos.

    源源不絕的原子與能量流,

  • Our fates are forever connected to the millions of species

    向外流入宇宙。

  • we rely on directly and indirectly every day.

    我們的命運永遠 和數百萬物種連結在一起,

  • Four years ago,

    我們每天直接和間接地 仰賴著這些物種。

  • it was declared that 50 percent of all wildlife around the world

    四年前,

  • had disappeared in just 40 years.

    宣佈的數字是,

  • This is a mass drowning of 15,000 wildebeests

    在僅僅 40 年間全世界 就有 50% 的野生生物消失。

  • that I witnessed in the Maasai Mara two years ago.

    這是 15,000 隻牛羚 集體溺水的景像,

  • This is definitely our fault.

    是兩年前我在馬賽馬拉親眼見到的。

  • By 2020, global wildlife populations are projected to have fallen

    這絕對是我們的錯。

  • by a staggering two-thirds.

    到 2020 年, 全球的野生生物數量

  • We are the sixth extinction

    預測會大大下降三分之二。

  • because we left no safe space for millions of species

    我們是第六次大滅絕,

  • to sustainably coexist.

    因為我們沒有留下任何安全空間

  • Now, since 2010, I have poled myself eight times across the Okavango Delta

    給數百萬物種永續共存。

  • to conduct detailed scientific surveys

    從 2010 年起,我已經進入 歐卡萬哥三角洲各地共八次了,

  • along a 200-mile, 18-day research transect.

    去進行細節的科學調查,

  • Now, why am I doing this?

    那是一項 18 天 橫越 200 英哩的研究。

  • Why am I risking my life each year?

    我為何要這麼做?

  • I'm doing this because we need this information

    我為何每年要冒生命危險?

  • to benchmark this near-pristine wilderness

    我這麼做是因為 我們需要這些資訊,

  • before upstream development happens.

    才能夠在上游被開發前,

  • These are the Wayeyi river bushmen, the people of the Okavango Delta.

    研究這塊幾乎未受污染的荒野。

  • They have taught me all I know about the Mother Okavango --

    這些是瓦葉伊河流叢林地的居民, 歐卡萬哥三角洲人。

  • about presence in the wild.

    我對於歐卡萬哥母親的所知, 都是他們教的——

  • Our shared pilgrimage across the Okavango Delta each year

    關於在荒野的生存。

  • in our mokoros or dugout canoes --

    每年,我們都會旅行 穿過歐卡萬哥三角洲,

  • remembers millenia living in the wild.

    乘坐莫科洛舟或是獨木舟——

  • Ten thousand years ago,

    想起住在荒野的那數千年。

  • our entire world was wilderness.

    一萬年前,

  • Today, wilderness is all that remains of that world, now gone.

    整個世界都是荒野。

  • Ten thousand years ago, we were as we are today:

    現今,那個世界不在了, 野外是它僅存下來的部分。

  • a modern, dreaming intelligence unlike anything seen before.

    一萬年前,我們就像現今一樣:

  • Living in the wilderness is what taught us to speak,

    前所未見的現代化、 會夢想的智慧生物。

  • to seek technologies like fire and stone, bow and arrow,

    因為居住在荒野, 我們才學會說話,

  • medicine and poison,

    學會尋求技術,像是 生火、石頭、弓箭、

  • to domesticate plants and animals

    藥品,和毒物,

  • and rely on each other and all living things around us.

    馴養動物,種植植物,

  • We are these last wildernesses --

    依靠彼此以及我們周圍的所有生物。

  • every one of us.

    我們是最後的荒野——

  • Over 80 percent of our planet's land surface

    我們每一個人。

  • is now experiencing measurable human impact:

    地球陸地表面有超過 80%

  • habitat destruction

    現在正受到重大的人類影響:

  • and illegal wildlife trade are decimating global wildlife populations.

    摧毀棲息地

  • We urgently need to create safe space for these wild animals.

    及非法野生生物貿易 都讓全球的野生生物數量大減。

  • So in late 2014,

    我們非常急需要為這些野生動物 創造出安全的空間。

  • we launched an ambitious project to do just that:

    所以,2014 年後期,

  • explore and protect.

    我們發動了一項計畫, 為的就是這個目的:

  • By mid-May 2015,

    探索和保護。

  • we had pioneered access through active minefields

    到了 2015 年五月中,

  • to the undocumented source lake of the Cuito River --

    我們以先鋒之姿, 穿過了活躍的雷區,

  • this otherworldly place;

    進入到文件沒有記載的 奎托河源頭湖泊——

  • an ancient, untouched wilderness.

    它是個超脫世俗的地方;

  • By the 21st of May,

    古老,維持原樣的荒野。

  • we had launched the Okavango megatransect ...

    五月 21 日,

  • in seven dugout canoes;

    我們開始了歐卡萬哥大橫越——

  • 1,500 miles, 121 days later,

    搭乘七艘獨木舟;

  • all of the poling, paddling and intensive research

    經過 121 天,行經 1,500 英哩路,

  • got us across the entire river basin to Lake Xau in the Kalahari Desert,

    所有這些努力、划船、密集研究,

  • 480 kilometers past the Okavango Delta.

    讓我們得以穿過整個河流流域, 到達喀拉哈里沙漠的達烏湖,

  • My entire world became the water:

    比歐卡萬哥三角洲 還要再多走 480 公里。

  • every ripple, eddy, lily pad and current ...

    我的整個世界變成了水世界:

  • any sign of danger,

    每一個漣漪、渦流、 睡蓮的漂浮葉、水流……

  • every sign of life.

    任何危險的徵兆,

  • Now imagine millions of sweat bees choking the air around you,

    所有生命的徵兆。

  • flesh-eating bacteria,

    現在,想像一下,數百萬隻蜜蜂 塞滿你周圍的空氣,

  • the constant threat of a landmine going off

    吃肉的細菌,

  • or an unseen hippo capsizing your mokoro.

    隨時有地雷可能爆炸的威脅,

  • These are the scenes moments after a hippo did just that --

    或是看不見的犀牛 會推翻你的莫科洛舟。

  • thrusting its tusks through the hull of my boat.

    這些景象就是犀牛 這麼做了之後的情況——

  • You can see the two holes --

    犀牛角刺穿了我的船身。

  • puncture wounds in the base of the hull --

    你們可以看見兩個洞——

  • absolutely terrifying

    船身底部被打了兩個洞——

  • and completely my fault.

    非常嚇人,

  • (Laughter)

    且完全是我的錯。

  • Many, many portages,

    (笑聲)

  • tree blockages and capsizes in rocky rapids.

    許多許多的搬運,

  • You're living on rice and beans,

    數次被樹木阻擋, 在多岩石的急流中數次翻覆。

  • bathing in a bucket of cold water

    平常維生的食物只有米和豆類,

  • and paddling a marathon six to eight hours every single day.

    洗澡要用一筒冷水來洗,

  • After 121 days of this,

    每天都是划船馬拉松, 要划上六到八小時。

  • I'd forgotten the PIN numbers to my bank accounts

    這樣過了 121 天之後,

  • and logins for social media --

    我已經忘了我的銀行帳戶密碼

  • a complete systems reboot.

    及登入社交媒體的密碼了——

  • You ask me now if I miss it,

    完完全全重新開機。

  • and I will tell you I am still there.

    現在問我是否會懷念它,

  • Now why do we need to save places we hardly ever go?

    我會告訴你,我仍然在那裡。

  • Why do we need to save places

    為什麼我們要去拯救 我們幾乎不可能去的地方?

  • where you have to risk your life to be there?

    要去那些地方還要冒生命危險,

  • Now, I'm not a religious or particularly spiritual person,

    為什麼還要去拯救它們?

  • but in the wild,

    我沒有宗教信仰, 也不是特別有靈性的人,

  • I believe I've experienced the birthplace of religion.

    但在荒野,

  • Standing in front of an elephant far away from anywhere

    我相信我體驗到了宗教的發源地。

  • is the closest I will ever get to God.

    非常近距離站在大象前面,

  • Moses, Buddha, Muhammad, Jesus,

    這是我和上帝最近的距離。

  • the Hindu teachers, prophets and mystics,

    摩西、佛陀、穆罕默德、耶穌、

  • all went into the wilderness --

    印度導師、先知,和神秘主義者,

  • up into the mountains, into the desert,

    都進入到了荒野——

  • to sit quietly and listen for those secrets

    上到了山中,進到了沙漠中,

  • that were to guide their societies for millennia.

    靜靜地坐著,傾聽那些數千年來

  • I go into the Okavango on my mokoro.

    引導著他們社會的秘密。

  • You must join me one day.

    我乘著我的莫科洛舟 進入歐卡萬哥。

  • Over 50 percent of the remaining wilderness is unprotected.

    你一定要找個時間加入我。

  • A huge opportunity --

    剩下的荒野,有超過 50% 都未受到保護。

  • a chance for us all.

    一個很大的機會——

  • We need to act with great urgency.

    給我們所有人的機會。

  • Since the 2015 megatransect,

    我們需要立即行動。

  • we have explored all major rivers of the Okavango River basin,

    從 2015 年的大橫越起,

  • covering a life-changing 4,000 miles of detailed research transects

    我們就探索了歐卡萬哥 河流流域的所有主要河流,

  • on our dugout canoes

    為了詳盡研究所橫越的 4,000 英哩路改變了我的人生, ,

  • and our fat-tire mountain bikes.

    我們靠的是獨頁舟,

  • We now have 57 top scientists

    以及寬胎的越野摩托車。

  • rediscovering what we call the Okavango-Zambezi water tower --

    現在我們有 57 名頂尖科學家,

  • this vast, post-war wilderness with undocumented source lakes,

    在重新發現我們所謂的 歐卡萬哥尚比西河水塔——

  • unnamed waterfalls in what is Africa's largest remaining Miombo woodland.

    它是片廣大、戰後的荒野, 剩下的米揚博林地中最大的部分,

  • We've now discovered 24 new species to science

    非洲剩下的米揚博林地中, 沒有名稱的瀑布。

  • and hundreds of species not known to be there.

    我們現在發現了 24 種新物種,

  • This year, we start the process, with the Angolan government,

    及以前不知道會出現 在那裡的數百種物種,

  • to establish one of the largest systems of protected areas in the world

    今年,我們開始了一個流程, 和安哥拉政府合作,

  • to preserve the Okavango-Zambezi water tower

    為世界保護區域 建立最大的系統之一,

  • we have been exploring.

    來保存我們一直在探索的 歐卡萬哥尚比西河水塔。

  • Downstream, this represents water security for millions of people

    這就表示,在下游數百萬人的 水資源安全能受保障,

  • and more than half of the elephants remaining on this planet.

    還能保護一半以上 地球上所剩的大象。

  • There is no doubt this is the biggest conservation opportunity in Africa

    無疑地,這是數十年來

  • in decades.

    非洲最大的保育機會。

  • Over the next 10 to 15 years,

    在接下來的十到十五年,

  • we need to make an unprecedented investment

    我們得要做一項前所未有的投資,

  • in the preservation of wilderness around the world.

    投資全世界的荒野保育。

  • To me,

    對我來說,

  • preserving wilderness is far more than simply protecting ecosystems

    保育荒野絕對不只是 單單保育生態系統,

  • that clean the water we drink and create the air we breathe.

    清理我們的飲用水, 創造我們呼吸的空氣。

  • Preserving wilderness protects our basic human right to be wild --

    保育荒野是在保護我們的 基本野生人權——

  • our basic human rights to explore.

    去探索的基本人權。

  • Thank you.

    謝謝。

  • (Applause)

    (掌聲)

Visible from space,

從太空就可看見

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B1 中級 中文 美國腔 TED 荒野 保育 物種 生物 犀牛

TED】史蒂夫-博伊斯:我們如何拯救地球上最後的一個野地(我們如何拯救地球上最後的一個野地|史蒂夫-博伊斯)。 (【TED】Steve Boyes: How we're saving one of Earth's last wild places (How we're saving one of Earth's last wild places | Steve Boyes))

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    林宜悉 發佈於 2021 年 01 月 14 日
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