The only problem, lots of it was wrong.

但有個問題就此產生，很多知識都是錯的

Back then, the ultimate authority on human anatomy was a Greek physician by the name of Galen.

當時，最早的人體解剖學權威是一位名叫 Galen 的希臘醫生

His work had dominated the field for over a thousand years, and Vesalius was a fan.

他的成果稱霸解剖學界已逾一千多年，而文藝復興時期的解剖學家 Vesalius 是 Galen 的粉絲

Whoa, you like Galen too?

哇！你也喜歡 Galen 嗎？

Hell, yeah. Galen rules.

當然！Galen 最棒了！

Welcome to medical school.

歡迎來到醫學院

Lesson one will be on Galen,

第一堂課講述的內容是 Galen

lesson two will focus on Galen,

第二堂課會聚焦討論 Galen

and lesson three, we will pivot 360 degrees to... Galen.

第三堂課呢，我們會將主題全面圍繞在... Galen 身上

Teachers at the time literally thought it was more important to study Galen's books than the human body itself,

當時的老師真的認為研讀 Galen 的書比直接研究人體還重要

so much so that when they did dissections in school,

已鑒於此，當他們在學校解剖大體時

the Professor would just read a commentary on Galen and an assistant would point things out

教授就只唸出 Galen 對人體部位的注釋，然後課堂助手再指出其部位

as a surgeon chopped up the body.

就像外科醫生將人體切碎一樣

The professor never even looked inside!

教授根本從來不看人體裡到底有甚麼！

Now we will remove the heart.

好的，現在我們來移除心臟

(students ohing)

(學生們驚呼)

Whatever you're looking at is the heart.

你們看到的就是心臟啦

(students ahing)

(學生們驚嘆)

Uh, I love him too,

呃...雖然我也很愛 Galen

but aren't you going to check if Galen is right?

但不是應該先確認他說的到底對不對嗎？

(students gasping)

(學生們倒抽一口氣)

As if he'd ever be wrong.

說得好像他會犯錯一樣

He's Galen! (laughing)

拜託他可是 Galen 耶！(教授嘲笑)

(laughing)

(學生們哄堂大笑)

(laughing) Idiot.

(同桌跟著嘲笑) 白癡！

After graduating at the age of 23,

二十三歲從醫學院畢業之後

Vesalius was given the job of Professor of Anatomy and Surgery and started doing his own research,

Vesalius 被授予解剖學與外科學教授一職，並開始從事自己的研究

which is when he started to suspect that Galen wasn't as perfect as everyone thought.

這時他開始懷疑 Galen 並非如大家所想的完美

They may laugh, but I'm going to do my own dissections and observations.

他們儘管笑吧，反正我要自己解剖大體自己觀察！

Let's see.

來看看人體的奧秘吧

Strange.

奇怪了

Galen says there are two bones in the lower jaw,

Galen 說下顎有兩塊骨頭

but there is very clearly only one.

但很明顯只有一塊啊？

(cat yowls) Well, simple mistake!

(貓嚎叫) 顯而易見的錯誤！

Hmm. Galen says there are five lobes on a liver, but I see only two.

Galen 說肝葉有五片，但我只看到兩片啊？

What is happening?

到底是怎麼回事？

Vesalius went on to identify more than 200 instances where Galen got some aspect of basic anatomy dead wrong.

Vesalius 不斷發現 Galen 對基本解剖學的致命認知錯誤竟超過兩百處

This breast bone has three segments, not seven!

這塊胸骨只有三節，不是七節！

Major blood vessels start in the heart, not the liver!

主要血管從心臟開始，不是肝！

Could it be Galen, the father of human anatomy,

難道說人體解剖學之父-- Galen

never dissected a human?

從沒解剖過人體？

No! No! You're a liar!

不！不！你這大騙子！

I hate you! I hate you, Galen!

我討厭你！我討厭你 Galen ！

(Ancient Rome) Vesalius finally concluded that Galen had done his dissections on monkeys, dogs, and other animals

(古羅馬時期) Vesalius 終於總結道 Galen 只解剖過猴子、狗，及其他動物

and simply theorized that humans were similar.

然後便推理認為人體也是相似的構造：

Humans have two jawbones, soft floppy ears,

人類有兩塊頷骨、柔軟下垂的耳朵

and their stomachs are full of bananas!

還有胃裡都是香蕉！

And this incorrect anatomy

這個錯誤的解剖學理論

had been taught to physicians for over a thousand years!

灌輸醫生超過一千年！