You could fly, talk to ghosts, or end up back in high school with a big exam coming up.

你可以飛翔、和鬼交談、或是回到高中面臨一場重大考試。

Dreams are so strange and mysterious that scientists have been exploring them for ages, and some of the facts they've uncovered are even weirder than the ones you already know.

夢是如此奇怪和神祕，以至於科學家們已探索它們數個世紀，而其中一些他們揭露的事實甚至比你早就知道的那些更奇怪。

Blind nightmares.

盲人的惡夢。

Blind people have a mixed bag when it comes to their dreams.

盲人有各式各樣的夢。

According to National Geographic, researchers asked 50 people, half of whom were blind, to record their dreams for four weeks in a Danish study.

根據國家地理，在一項丹麥的研究中，研究人員請 50 個人，半數為盲人，記錄他們的夢四星期。

On one hand, many previously sighted blind people can see again in their dreams.

從一方面來看，許多原本有視力的盲人在夢中可以再次看得見。

On the other hand, blind people have more nightmares.

另一方面，盲人比較會做惡夢。

While only 7 percent of the sighted participants reported nightmares, 25 percent of the blind ones did.

具有視力的參與者中只有 7 % 做惡夢，而盲人則有 25 %。

Their nightmares included things like losing their guide dogs or being hit by cars.

他們的惡夢包括諸如失去導盲犬或被車撞到等事。

The researchers guessed that nightmares could be a form of "rehearsal" for real life and that blind people need more rehearsal because they experience more danger on a daily basis.

研究人員猜測惡夢可能是現實生活的一種「預演」的形式，而且盲人需要更多的預演，因為他們每天經歷更多的危險。

Dream Control.

控制夢境。

Research has shown that you can actually learn to control your dreams.

研究顯示你其實可以學習控制你的夢。

According to Deirdre Barrett, a Harvard-based sleep researcher, if you want to stimulate a dream in which you solve a problem, think about it before you go to sleep and try to create an image of the problem in your mind.

根據 Deirdre Barrett，一位哈佛的睡眠研究者，如果你想要激發一個你解決問題的夢，在睡前想著它並試著在心中創造那個問題的影像。

It's even better if you can use an actual visual.

如果你可以利用實際的影像，效果會更好。

For example, if you're trying to write a song, put your guitar next to your bed.

舉例來說，如果你正在試著寫歌，把你的吉他放在床邊。

Or if you want to solve a problem involving a certain person in your dream, look at a photo of them before you go to sleep.

或者是如果你想要在夢裡解決關於一個特定對象的問題，就在睡前看他們的照片。

"Sometimes dreams make breakthroughs, and there are a lot of anecdotes about famous examples of major creativity or major scientific problem solving."

「有時夢能造成突破，有許多關於重大創作或解決重大科學問題的奇聞軼事為例。」

Not only can you control what you dream about, you can also control what you do in your dreams, in a trippy process called lucid dreaming.

你不只可以控制自己夢到什麼，也可以控制你在夢中做什麼，在一種稱為清醒夢的不清醒狀態。

There are a bunch of different ways to induce lucid dreams, one of which is called reality testing, according to a researcher from Stanford.

有許多不同的方法可以誘發清醒夢；根據一名史丹佛研究員，其中一種叫做現實測試。

Part of reality testing is asking yourself throughout the day if you're dreaming, and then looking for clues that you're awake.

現實測試有一部分是一整天問問自己是否在作夢，然後尋找你清醒時的蛛絲馬跡。

Looking for clues while you're awake today will help you become aware that you're dreaming tonight.

今天清醒時就找找看線索，這會幫助你今晚意識到自己在做夢。

Helping you learn.

幫助學習。

Do you ever indulge yourself and take a nap in the middle of the day?

你是否曾經放縱自己並在中午小睡一下？

If so, you now have a good excuse for dozing off at your desk.

若是如此，你現在有很好的理由可以在書桌前打瞌睡。

Dreaming actually helps you learn.

做夢事實上可以幫助你學習。

In a study by researchers from Harvard Medical School, 99 participants played a video game in which they navigated through a virtual maze.

在哈佛醫學院研究員所做的一項研究中，有 99 位參與者玩一場電動遊戲，在其中他們要通過一個虛擬的迷宮。

Afterward, half of them napped for two hours, while the other participants stayed awake.

之後，一半的人小睡兩小時，而其他參與者保持清醒。

Then they all did the maze again.

然後他們全部再挑戰一次迷宮。

The participants who reported dreaming about the maze improved their performance over six times more than the people who didn't sleep or who didn't dream about the maze.

有夢到迷宮的參與者表現比沒有睡覺或沒有夢到迷宮的人好了六倍。

Acting out dreams.

履行夢境。

Did you know that your muscles nearly become paralyzed when you sleep so you don't act out your dreams?

你知道睡覺時你的肌肉幾乎變成麻痺的，你才不會行動出你的夢嗎？

If that freaks you out, try this on for size: people whose muscles don't stop them from acting out their dreams are far more likely to develop neurological disorders like dementia and Parkinson's later in life.

如果那把你嚇壞了，試試這個：那些肌肉無法阻止他們把夢境付諸行動的人在老年更容易發展出神經失調，例如癡呆和帕金森氏症。

In a rare condition called REM behavior disorder, people carry out the actions from their dreams while they're still asleep.

在稱為快速動眼行為失調症的一種罕見狀況中，患者在仍然在睡覺時履行他們的夢境。

Take, for example, Mike Birbiglia, a comedian who writes about living with the disorder, who dreamed that a missile was headed for his hotel room.

舉例來說，Mike Birbiglia 是一位喜劇演員，他寫下了與失調症患者同住的故事，他夢到有飛彈朝他的旅館房間飛來。

He jumped out his second-floor hotel room window, both in the dream and in real life.

他跳出了二樓的旅館房間窗戶，夢中和現實中都是。

According to Time magazine, researchers at the University of Montreal studied almost 100 adults who had been diagnosed with REM behavior disorder.

根據時代雜誌，蒙特利爾大學的研究人員研究了近 100 位被診斷出快速動眼行為失調症的成人。

They found that people with the disorder are 18 percent more likely to develop a neurodegenerative disease five years after their diagnosis.

他們發現有這個失調症的患者有百分之 18 在診斷後五年更容易發展出神經變性疾病。

Babies don't dream.

嬰兒不作夢。

Have you ever looked at an adorable baby sleeping and wondered what they were dreaming about?

你是否曾經看著一個可愛的嬰兒睡覺並且好奇他們夢到什麼？

It turns out, they don't dream at all.

結果是，他們根本不會做夢。

David Foulkes, author of Children's Dreaming and the Development of Consciousness, believes that babies spend their REM sleep building pathways in their brains and later developing language skills.

David Foulkes，兒童做夢及意識發展的作者，相信嬰兒把他們的快速動眼睡眠花在建造腦中的通路，之後發展出語言能力。

With all this brain development going on, there wouldn't be much brain-power left to also create dreams.

有這些腦部發育在進行，不會有多餘的腦力去製造夢。

Children don't actually dream until they're 4 or 5 years old, when they develop the capacity to visualize imaginary things.

兒童直到 4、5 歲才會做夢，那時他們發展出看見想像事物的能力。

Even then, the dreams they report lack characters, memories, and emotions.

即使在那時，他們所做的夢也缺乏角色、記憶和情緒。

It's not until they're 7 or 8 and they have a sense of identity that kids' dreams start to include plot lines.

直到 7、8 歲孩子有身分認同後，他們的夢境才會開始有情節。

The stronger their self-concept is, the more vivid and structured their dreams become.

自我意識越強，他們的夢境就會變得越逼真和有結構。

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