are some of the smallest creatures on the planet.

是地球上最小的生物

Real live insects like spiders, locusts, and butterflies

像是蜘蛛、蝗蟲和蝴蝶這些昆蟲

play crucial roles in many memorable blockbuster films.

在許多令人印象深刻的鉅片中擔任不可或缺的要角

But getting them to perform on camera is no easy task.

不過要讓牠們在鏡頭中演出並不是件簡單的事

- Rosie, lift up your leg. This leg.

Rosie，把你的腳抬起來，這隻腳

Come on.

快點

Oh see, she did this one.

你看，妳抬了這隻腳

Oh, there she goes.

啊，她抬起來了

And that's just a little trick of putting a little pressure

有個小技巧是，在她的後腳施點壓力

on her back leg that causes her front leg to come up.

她就會把前腳抬起來了

- [Announcer] That's Steven Kutcher.

這是 Steven Kutcher

He's an entomologist and the go to guy

他是位昆蟲學家

for all things bugs in Hollywood.

也是好萊塢首屈一指的昆蟲專家

He's worked with a variety of insects on over 100 films

他曾經在超過一百部電影中指導過不同的昆蟲

in his career including "Arachnophobia," "Jurassic Park,"

他曾合作的電影有《小魔星》、《侏羅紀公園》

and "Spider-Man."

和《蜘蛛人》

- Understanding insect behavior is really the key.

關鍵是要瞭解昆蟲的習性

It's not training them because you don't have time

其實不是要訓練他們，因為

to train them in the film industry.

在電影業中你根本沒有時間

When you work with insects, you wanna corral the insects.

跟昆蟲工作時，你會想要限制住他們的活動範圍

You wanna be able to control them.

你會想要控制他們

- [Announcer] He's used a number of different techniques

他用了許多不同的方法

to get the bugs to move in the right direction

來使蟲子們移動到不同的方向

involving lights, air, and temperature.

像是使用當光、空氣和溫度

- Let's say you're a bug.

假設你是一隻蟲

How can I make you move?

我要如何讓你移動呢？

Well, I could blow air at you, like 60 miles an hour air.

嗯...我可以向你吹氣，大概以時速 60 的氣流來吹

You're going to move.

你絕對會移動

I could light a little fire under you

我也可以在你下方點火

or set you on something that's really hot.

或是把你放在某個很燙的東西上

You're gonna get up out of your seat and move.

你絕對會從你的椅子跳起來然後移動

I could chill down the room.

我也可以把房間的溫度降低

- [Announcer] For example, let's take a look

舉例來說，我們來看看

at one of the most famous and terrifying spider films

一部很有名也很驚悚的蜘蛛相關電影

of all time, "Arachnophobia."

《小魔星》

- The great thing about that film was it was before CGI.

這部電影最棒的地方是，他是在有電腦成像之前所拍攝的

So we had to do everything real except for one shot.

所以除了其中一幕之外，我們都得來真的

- [Announcer] He devised a clever yet simple rig

他發明了一個很簡單卻很聰明的裝置

to get all the spiders where they needed to be.

來讓蜘蛛們待在牠們需要的地方

- They would say, "We want a spider to crawl into a slipper

他們會要求說「我們想要一隻蜘蛛爬進一隻拖鞋裡，

"from four feet away."

大約從四尺遠的地方。」

So I came up with this idea of invisible vibrating wires.

所以我想到用隱形、可震動的鐵線

Chance of vibrating wires that you couldn't see,

這些震動的鐵線是你看不見的

the camera couldn't see.

連攝影幾都拍不到

But I could make the spider go directly to the spot

不過我卻能讓蜘蛛直直地朝

I wanted it to go.

我要的方向去

- [Announcer] Kutcher's first big Hollywood gig

Kutcher 的第一部好萊塢大片是

was on the "Exorcist II" and it involved working with

《大法師續集》

three thousand live locusts.

和三千隻活蝗蟲一起拍攝

- There's a scene where James Earl Jones has to look

有一幕是 James Earl Jones

at a cage of locusts and the locusts were all on the ground.

要往一個滿滿都是蝗蟲的籠子裡看，但蝗蟲全都在底部

But how do you move hundreds of locusts up on the screen?

要怎麼做才能把好幾百隻蝗蟲移到上面好讓鏡頭拍攝呢？

I said, "Get a light, a studio light that gives off heat

我說：「找一座燈來，可以發熱又

"and shining against the side of the cage."

能夠照亮籠子的大燈來。」

And they did and all the locusts moved up onto the cage

他真的找來一座燈，而且蝗蟲也都爬上籠子了

to be near the heat.

就是為了要更靠近那座燈

Then they took the light away.

就後就可以把燈移走了

- [Announcer] In "Jurassic Park,"

在電影《侏羅紀公園》裡

Kutcher was the man responsible

Kucher 是當時負責那隻

for the iconic dead mosquitoes in amber.

在琥珀石裡的死蚊子

- So it's supposed to be a mosquito.

那應該是隻蚊子

First, it's really a crane fly.

但其實那是一隻大蚊

And I put antenna from another insect on the crane fly.

而且我還把其他昆蟲的觸角放到那隻大蚊上

I took a bent insect pin and made it for its mouth part.

我拿了一隻彎曲的針來做成他的嘴部

I created the wings.

我還做了他的翅膀

- [Announcer] And he worked with a live mosquito

他還曾經跟蚊子一起在

in the DNA Explainer video.

《DNA Explainer》這部影片中合作

- So I would chill the mosquito down

我會把蚊子冰起來

so that it wouldn't move.

直到他們動不了

And then I would drip honey on it.

然後我會滴蜂蜜在他們身上

And then it got tumbled down with the honey.

而他們就會順著蜂蜜滑下去

- [Announcer] In the 2002 movie "Spider-Man,"

在 2002 年的《蜘蛛人》電影中，

there's a scene where Peter Parker first gets bitten.

有一幕是 Peter Parker 第一次被叮咬

Kutcher was actually above Toby McGuire with a paint brush.

Kutcher 其實就拿著刷子站在 Toby McGuire 上面

- And what the spider will do is it will crawl

蜘蛛會爬到刷子的

along the edge until it reaches this part

邊緣然後

and then it will hang on.

順勢而下

And I would just tap it like this which would cause

我會輕輕地抖一下刷子

the spider to web down.

讓蜘蛛順著蜘蛛絲再往下墜

- [Announcer] While he says he rarely ever gets bitten

他說他幾乎沒有被咬過

or stung, he takes precautions

或叮過，他也會做好預防措施

to protect the other human actors.

來保護其他演員們

In "Roadhouse 66," Judge Reinhold is driving a car

在 Roadhouse 66 這部電影中，Judge Reinhold 在開車

and I had to have a scorpion crawl over his shoulder.

我需要把一隻蠍子放在他的肩膀上

So I put a little cap on the scorpion's stinger

所以我在蠍子夾子上套上一個小套子

that looked like the stinger so it wouldn't hurt him.

那個套子看起來還是有夾子的形狀，但卻不會傷到他

- [Announcer] And there's also a rule on set

在片場有個規定是

that no bugs are hurt during production.

拍片期間不能有任何的蟲受傷

- In making of a movie, you can't harm a cockroach,

在拍攝電影期間，你不能傷害蟑螂、

or a fly, or a maggot.

蒼蠅或是一隻蛆

But if the fly flies to craft service, you can swat it.

但如果有隻蒼蠅飛到用餐區，你可以直接打下去

- [Announcer] He can get some of his bugs from pet suppliers,

他可以從他的供應商那取得大部分的昆蟲

but most he goes out and collects himself.

但他其實更常自己親自到戶外蒐集

And Kutcher's home is also full of bugs, by choice.

Kutcher 家裡有各式各樣的昆蟲

- Right now, I have mosquitoes, crane flies, caterpillars

現在我有不同品種的蚊子、大蚊、毛毛蟲

in my refrigerator.

在我的冰箱裡

The world is filled with people who do not like insects

世界上充滿了許多不喜歡昆蟲的人

which is a great opportunity to teach those people

這也是個好機會來教育這些人

the joys and wonders of all of the arthropods in the world

關於節肢動物的美好及驚奇

and how you can relate to them.

而且是大家可以感同身受的

And when you understand how they work,

當你了解牠們是如何運作時

the world is a better place.

這個世界就會變得更美好了呢！

- To make the spider go, I just tap her back legs.

如果要讓蜘蛛走，我只要拍拍牠的後腳

And this gets her to crawl up.

而這樣做的話會讓他往上爬

To make her stop, I cover her eyes.

如果要讓它停下來，我會遮住她的眼睛

She has eight eyes.

她有八隻眼睛

She's just looking for a dark place.

他只是想找個暗暗的地方