they met enemies face to face,

她們與對手正面對決...

endured tragedies and enjoyed victories…

她們可以承受悲劇、享受勝利...

they went down in history due to the bravery of their crews…

她們因為組員的勇敢在歷史中逝去...

they are the ships that deserve to be called

她們堪稱

“Naval Legends!”

「海軍傳奇」

In this episode,

在這集中

watch Yamato

欣賞傳奇戰鬥艦的生與死

Life and Death of the Legendary Battleship.

大和號（Yamato）

By spring 1945, it became clear that only a miracle could save Japan from defeat in World War II.

1945年春天，顯然只有奇蹟才能挽回 日本在二次世界大戰中面臨的挫敗命運

The Land of the Rising Sun had lost virtually all its naval and air forces,

太陽升起的國度---日本，幾乎失去所有實質的海軍和空軍

and US troops were already landing on the Japanese islands.

而且美軍部隊已經在日本的島嶼上登陸

On the morning of April 6, Japan's legendary battleship Yamato sailed off to fight her last battle.

在四月六日的早上，日本海軍的傳奇戰鬥艦大和號朝著它最後的戰鬥航行

The last bit of hope the Japanese possessed

日本最後的微小希望

rested with this steel giant - the largest and most powerful battleship of the time.

沉睡的鋼鐵巨人，當時最龐大、最強大的戰鬥艦

That naval operation in the Pacific, dubbed Ten-ichi-go (Heaven One),

位於太平洋的海上軍事行動 - 天一號

was a dangerous mission. But the faith in Yamato was almost religious,

是一次非常危險的任務 但是對於大和號的信心幾乎像是信仰一般

and the Japanese believed luck would go hand in hand with the ship.

而日本人相信幸運會與船艦一同出海

The history of battleship Yamato began 10 years before the ship's legendary last mission.

戰鬥艦大和號的歷史 起始於最終傳奇戰役的十年前

In October 1935, Japanese engineers put together a first draft of the famous naval giant.

在1935年十月，日本工程師拼湊出聲名遠播海軍巨人的第一份草稿

Unlike the Americans, whose ships were limited to a size that could pass through the Panama Canal

不同於美國人，為了要依靠巴拿馬運河 他們需要限制船艦的大小

nothing restricted the Japanese from building ships of a large size and displacement

對於日本來說，要建造巨型船艦並裝備超重型裝甲

and arming them as heavily as possible.

與超重型火砲則毫無限制

Japanese designers set out to make battleships powerful enough to outmatch all existing foreign counterparts

日本的設計者為戰鬥艦設定出的條件為，必須要可以對抗所有外國對手

and any ships that would be built in the upcoming years.

以及任何在未來有可能被建造出的船艦

The production facilities behind me were the Kure Naval Arsenal in those days.

在我身後的生產設施為當時稱作吳的海軍兵工廠

Its dockyard saw the birth of battleship Yamato .

它的船廠目睹戰鬥艦大和號的誕生

Her keel was laid in 1937, and the ship was completed 1941.

她的龍骨於1937年架設好，並於1941年建造完成

Yamato was the heaviest battleship in the world. Back then, the total construction expenses amounted to 130 million yen.

大和號於1941年建造完成，是全世界最笨重的戰鬥艦 在當時，建造的總花費達到13億日圓

That would be over 1 trillion yen ($8 billion) in today's prices.

以現在的幣值來說，大概是1兆日圓（80億美金）

Initially Japan planned to build a total of four Yamato-class ships.

剛開始日本打算建造四艘大和級戰鬥艦

However, the Pacific War began, and after completing the second ship, Musashi,

無論如何，太平洋戰爭開打，在建造完第二艘武藏號

Japan stopped building the third ship, Shinano,

日本停止建造第三艘船信濃號

and never started the fourth one.

並從來沒有開始建造第四艘

Eventually, Shinano was converted to an aircraft carrier.

而信濃號後來被改建為航空母艦

Yamato is the ancient name for Japan, meaning "great harmony."

大和是古日本名 意思為「偉大的和諧」

Strict secrecy was maintained throughout her construction: a high fence of mats surrounded the dockyard,

在建造的過程中，所有的資訊都嚴格保密 在造船廠附近圍起加高的圍籬

all engineers swore a solemn oath of non-disclosure,

所有工程師都發誓絕對保密

and the workers going in and out were compared with their photos.

而進出的工人需要以照片來確認身分

Japanese shipbuilders certainly had something big to hide...

這代表日本的造船廠肯定隱藏了一些驚人的秘密...

Total displacement: 72,808 t

總排水量 — 72 808 噸

Length: 863 ft

船身長度 — 263 公尺

Beam: 128 ft

船身寬度 — 38.9公尺

Draft: 35 ft

船艦吃水 — 超過10公尺

Armament Main battery

武裝 主砲

Three turrets each having three 40-SK Mod. 94 guns

三座三聯裝 40-SK Mod.94 火砲

Caliber: 18 in

口徑: 460毫米

Secondary battery

副砲

Two turrets each having three Type 3 guns Caliber: 6 in

兩座三聯裝 Type3 火砲

Anti-aircraft artillery

高射砲

Twelve coaxial Type 89 guns Caliber: 5 inch

12組Type 89同軸火砲

Fifty triple-barrel and two single-barrel Type 96 automatic cannons. Caliber: 0.98 in

50組三管和雙管自動機砲 Type 89同軸火砲, 口徑: 25毫米

Air group 7 seaplanes (reconnaissance planes and spotting aircraft).

艦載機 7架水上飛機 (偵察機和觀測機)

Armor Main belt: 11–16 in

裝甲 主要裝甲帶: 270-410毫米

Main turrets: 7–26 in

主砲塔: 190-650毫米

Conning tower: 12–20 in

指揮塔: 300-500毫米

Power plant

發電機

4 Kampon turbines and 12 Kampon RO boilers

4 座Kampon渦輪機和12座Kampon RO 渦輪

Power: 154,000 shp

馬力: 154000 shp (軸馬力)

Maximum speed: over 27 knots

最高時速: 超過27節

Operational range: 7,200 nautical miles at 16 knots

作戰距離: 速度16節，可航行72000海浬

Yamato's key features are her main turrets, each having three 18-inch guns.

大和號最主要的特色就是她的主砲砲塔 每座砲塔有三聯裝的460毫米主砲

The guns could fire shells weighing almost 1.5 tons with a muzzle speed of 2,600 feet per second.

主砲可以射擊重達快要1.5噸 初速達到每秒790公尺的砲彈

A gun turret, including the barbette, weighed 3,000 tons. It could contain over 150 men.

主砲包含砲座的重量為3000噸，其中可以同時容納150位官兵

Yamato's main turrets were guided by a fire control system, consisting of a director that provided parameters of fire,

大和號的主砲塔由火力控制系統控制 其中的指揮系統提供射擊係數

range-finders, and electromechanical calculators (a form of early computers).

測距儀、機電計算器 (一種早期的電腦)

It was a state-of-the-art system for the time:

在當時是最先進的系統

lack of fire control radars for engaging surface targets was compensated for by top-notch grouping of salvoes.

缺乏火控雷達的部分 則由分組齊射的方式補償

This gave the Japanese firing capability on par with that of the world's leading navies.

而這給予日軍 與世界頂尖海軍看齊的能力

The ship's secondary battery consisted of two turrets, each having three 6-inch guns.

本艦的副砲為兩座三聯裝 155毫米砲

The guns featured excellent ballistic characteristics and could penetrate the armor of a typical cruiser;

火砲擁有良好的彈道 以及可以擊穿一般巡洋艦的能力

however, their rate of fire was pretty low.

但是火砲的射速並不高

When commissioned, Yamato had six coaxial 5-inch anti-aircraft guns for long-range engagement,

在設計時，大和號為了遠程防空 裝備六座同軸 127毫米高射砲

plus short-range anti-aircraft artillery consisted of eight triple-barrel 0.98-inch cannons.

再加上短程高射砲 ---八座三聯裝25毫米機砲

The number of AA guns was constantly built up during the war.

而高射砲的數量在戰時則持續增加

The 5-inch anti-aircraft guns and the 0.98-inch guns had different ranges of fire.

127毫米高射砲以及25毫米機砲有不一樣的射程

So if an enemy aircraft flew into this gap, neither of the guns was able to effectively intercept it.

所以當敵機飛進火力真空帶 兩種高射砲都沒有辦法進行攔截

Furthermore, the 5-inch guns had relatively low traverse speed and poor elevation and depression characteristics,

除此之外，127毫米高射砲 不僅砲塔轉速較低、俯仰角也較狹小

while the 0.98-inch guns failed to fire at the declared rate of 14 rounds per minute if the elevation was high or low.

當目標超過火砲的俯仰角的範圍時 25毫米機砲就無法以設定的每分鐘14發的射速輸出火力

Yamato enjoyed the heaviest armor in shipbuilding history - its US analog, battleship Iowa

大和號在造艦史享有最厚重裝甲的稱號 同級的美軍對手戰鬥艦愛阿華號

had armor that was on average 4 inches thinner.

的裝甲平均薄了100毫米

The armor belt of the Japanese giant formed a citadel that covered slightly over half of her waterline length.

日本巨人的裝甲帶組成了一道城牆 保護了超過一半的吃水線

The most protected part was the ship's conning tower…

保護最完善的部分為指揮塔

The weapon systems became literally giant. 210815SUCHABIGSHIP

火砲系統則是字面上的巨人

The Japanese built a superbattleship that was like 10 or 15 others put together.

日本運用建造10-15艘船艦的資源 來建造超級戰艦

But the problem was that it did not pay off.

但問題在於這並不值得

You can build one Yamato-class battleship,

您可以建造一艘大和號

but she would still be destroyed when facing 2, 3, or 10 US battleships.

但她仍會被 2,3 或是10艘美國戰鬥艦摧毀

There are still such characteristics as mobility, quantity, quality, salvoes per side...

還會被對方擁有機動性、數量、質量、每面齊射的優勢壓制

Yamato was commissioned in late 1941.

大和號於1941年末被指派出第一個任務

In her first mission, the Battle of Midway, Yamato served as the flagship of the Japanese Combined Fleet.

在中途島戰役中，大和號為日軍艦隊的旗艦

During the battle, on June 4 through 6, 1942,

從1942年六月四號到六號的戰鬥中

Yamato did not fire a single shot and was used only as an HQ ship.

大和號一砲未開，而只被用於指揮船艦

The Japanese military command was definitely saving their two best battleships

日軍軍方指揮部肯定是為了在未來與美軍的艦隊大對決中

for an upcoming major battle against the US fleet.

保留兩艘最強的戰鬥艦

As a result, Japanese seamen started to feel disappointed with their flagship.

也因此，日軍官兵開始對他們的旗艦感到失望

They even made up a saying that the world's three most useless things were

他們甚至說出全世界最沒用的三樣東西

China's Great Wall, the Egyptian pyramids, and battleship Yamato .

分別為中國的萬里長城 埃及的金字塔以及戰鬥艦大和號

It was not until autumn 1944 that the Japanese naval giant fought its first real battle.

直到1944的秋天，日本的巨人終於打了第一場真正的戰鬥

Together with her sister ship Musashi, Yamato attacked US landing craft near the island of Leyte.

與她的姊妹艦武藏號一同出征 大和號攻擊美軍靠近雷伊泰島的登陸艇

In that battle, Yamato was only slightly damaged,

在那場戰鬥中，大和號只有輕微受傷

demonstrated her power, and recovered the status of an unsinkable giant.

並同時證明她的威力，並恢復到不沉巨人的狀態

However, the situation in the Pacific theater had changed by that time...

無論如何，當時太平洋戰區的情勢已經改變

Progress in military technology basically follows the laws of philosophy.

軍事科技基本上跟隨哲學的定律

When making a new weapon system, designers and the military usually seek to enhance its specifications:

當製造新的武器系統的時候 設計者和軍方通常試著增強它的規格

bigger caliber, thicker armor, etc.

像是更大的口徑、更厚的裝甲...

Then they come to a dead end, where they are no longer developing the navy,

這終究走向了死路，海軍開始停止研發新武器

but improving a separate weapon type within the existing limits.

而用現有的獨立武器系統做改良

A radical change is carrier-borne aviation and, later, missile systems.

巨變則像是艦載機以及後來的飛彈

Yamato is the peak, the peak in the construction of battleships.

但是大和號則是顛峰之作 是建造戰鬥艦的巔峰

It is not about progress, it is about reaching the peak.

她與進步無關，而是登峰造極

In 1945, World War II reached Japan's home islands.

在1945年，二次世界大戰打到日本本島

The command of the Japanese Combined Fleet made a Bushido-style decision:

日本聯合艦隊的指揮官做出了 有著武士道精神的決定

Yamato, with the help of a light cruiser and eight destroyers,

大和號與輕巡洋艦 和八艘驅逐艦

was to defend the island of Okinawa and prevent the US troops from getting any further inland,

參與了防禦沖繩的行動 並且必須要阻止美軍部隊跨過島嶼繼續前進

or fight to the end and finish her journey gloriously.

或是戰鬥到最後並結束她光榮的旅程

Executing this order, on April 6, 1945,

為了執行此命令，1945年四月六日

the legendary Japanese battleship sailed off to fight her last battle....

傳奇的日本戰鬥艦駛出港口 航向她最後的戰鬥

The United States sent its Task Force 58 to intercept the flagship of the Japanese Combined Fleet.

美國派出第58特遣艦隊 來攔截日本聯合艦隊的旗艦

The Americans would not miss the chance to destroy the symbol of Japan's naval power.

美軍絕對不會錯失 摧毀日本海軍軍力象徵的機會

As early as at 10 a.m., the first US squadrons took off from five heavy and four light aircraft carriers,

早在上午十點時，第一隊美軍飛機從五艘正規航空母艦 以及四艘輕型航空母艦上起飛

located about 300 miles away from Yamato.

此時距離大和號300英哩

A total of 227 aircraft took part in the destruction of the Japanese force.

總共227架飛機參與摧毀日軍的行動

The battle began at 12:34. Four aerial bombs hit Yamato,

戰鬥於12:34時開始，四顆炸彈擊中大和號

taking out a 5-inch gun and several automatic cannons.

炸毀一座127毫米高射砲以及幾座自動機砲

In just 20 minutes, two more bombs struck the battleship, and a torpedo hit her port side.

只過了20分鐘，又有兩枚炸彈擊中戰鬥艦 以及一發魚雷擊中船身側邊

In response, Yamato fired her anti-aircraft weapons.

大和號則以防空火力作為回應

At 14:02, the Americans launched the last attack on the wounded, but still combat capable, Yamato…

在 14:02時，美軍發起最後一次攻擊，儘管大和號身受重傷，卻仍可以作戰...

It was a demonstrative execution:

這是一次典型的處決行動:

four torpedoes (three to the port side and one to the starboard side)

四架魚雷機 ( 三架攻擊左舷，一架攻擊右舷)

destroyed the ship's damage control center.

攻擊船艦的損害控制中心

Yamato stopped moving and started listing to port more and more every minute…

大和號停止前進，並每分鐘都開始朝左舷傾斜一些

and when this huge ship capsized, a monstrous explosion erupted.

當整艘巨大的船艦翻覆時，發生了滔天的爆炸

The pride and hope of the Japanese fleet went under.

整支日本艦隊的自信和希望都隨之沉沒了

Together with the ship, 3,000 crew members were lost,

與其沉沒到海底的還有3000名官兵

including the commanders of the Japanese force and the ship.

其中包含日軍的指揮官們

For the Japanese,

以日本來說

Yamato still remains a symbol of the nation's might that fell in battle like a true samurai.

大和號仍然是國家力量的象徵 損落的武士

The city where the legendary battleship was built opened a museum,

建造傳奇戰鬥艦的城市 現在建了一間博物館

whose centerpiece is an 85-foot model of Yamato .

核心的部分則是長26公尺的大和號模型

The Kure Municipal Museum of Naval History and Science was built 10 years ago to preserve

海軍歷史和科學市立博物館建立於十年前

the rich naval tradition of the city.

致力於保存城市中豐富的海軍傳統

Now it is known as the Yamato Museum.

而現在則以大和博物館的稱號聞名

The exhibits reflect the naval history of Kure;

展覽展出吳港的海軍歷史

in other words, the history of naval affairs and technologies.

以另一句話來說 海軍的歷史和科技技術

The museum has become quite popular.

博物館其實還蠻受歡迎的

Fans of battleships come here from all over the country.

全國的戰鬥艦粉絲都會到來到這邊

However, we should remember that it was originally dedicated to all kinds of shipbuilding.

無論如何，我們還是需要記得 它原先是要致力於向大眾推廣各種船隻

The violent explosion that finished the destruction of Yamato

劇烈的爆炸 結束了大和號的毀滅

was caused by the detonation of her main battery magazines.

而引起爆炸的則是主砲彈藥的誘爆

However, there is plenty of debate about the reason for that tremendous explosion.

無論如何，有許多人對於這樣巨大爆炸的原因持著不同的意見

The answer is probably hidden on the bottom of the ocean:

而答案大概就藏在深海中

so far researchers have been unable to lift what is left from the giant battleship...

到目前為止，研究人員還沒有找到 把巨大的戰鬥艦殘骸挖出來的方法...

It is true that Yamato had a number of drawbacks.

大和號的確有些許缺陷

Like her sister ship, Musashi, the battleship was sunk as a result of air strikes.

就像它的姊妹艦武藏號，她沉沒的原因是空襲

The key reason for that was the ships' fundamental lack of ability to resist massive air attacks.

主要的原因則是缺乏基本應對大量空襲的能力

Yamato remains the largest and most powerful battleship in history.

在歷史上，大和號仍然是最龐大 和最強大的戰鬥艦

For every person who takes interest in the history of military ships,

任何對於歷史上的軍事船艦有興趣的人 大和號體現的

Yamato embodies military might.

就是最好的武力展現

Born to terrify and crush enemies,

生於嚇阻和粉碎敵人

this formidable steel giant managed to glorify her name even as she was defeated.

這強大的鋼鐵巨人在被擊敗之後仍然可以使她的聲譽名留千古

She represented a pinnacle in large battleship design, one that will probably never be surpassed,

她代表大型戰艦設計的巔峰

and in that sense,

這個地位可能永遠不會被超越

Yamato will always remain a symbol and a legend.

大和號會永遠是個象徵以及傳奇