Our smartphones are with us at all times, but are companies and governments using them to spy on us?

雖然手機是不離身，但公司與政府有用此來監控著我們嗎 ?

You may be suspicious for a good reason.

或許你的懷疑是對的

A New York Times piece uncovered that thousands of apps, including gaming apps for kids are equipped with the software Alfonso.

一則紐約時報導揭露了，上千種的 app， 包括孩童玩的遊戲 app 都包入了 Alfonso 軟體

Alfonso uses your smartphone microphone to listen to the ads that you are watching on TV.

Alfonso 使用手機的麥克風來收音你正在收看電視的廣告

It uses audio signals to collect TV viewing data in order for advertisers to personally promote things to you online.

以音訊的方式來收集你正在看的東西，好讓廣告公司能夠在網上行銷給你

Alfonso "claims" to not record human speech.

Alfonso 表示沒有錄下人類的話

Facebook has created a device called Pixel, which is designed as a way to continue tracking you online even after you've left a website.

Facebook 發明了一種裝置叫 Pixel，是用來持續追蹤你，即使你離開了網站

By dropping a small piece of data called a cookie, your device will now remember information, like how long you linger on a certain item, and whether you added anything to your shopping cart, but didn't purchase it.

透過一種叫 cookie 的資料傳輸，你的手機能夠記得一些資訊，像是你在一件物品上停留多久，還有那些添加到購物車卻還沒結帳的東西。

Millions of websites use Facebook Pixel, which is why the hat you didn't end up buying follows you around Facebook forever

大多數網站都有在使用 Facebook Pixel，所以你最你最後沒買的帽子，會一直在 Facebook 上纏著你

But sites like Facebook even follow you offline and have been known to purchase information and create a database of over

但有些網站，像是臉書，即使你離線了還是能夠跟著你，這就是所謂買來的資訊，並建成資料庫

52,000 different attributes about you, for example, Facebook buys data from supermarket loyalty programs.

記載超過 5200 不同面向的你，例如 Facebook 跟超級市場買熟客資料

So if you have a points card with a grocery store，Facebook may be paying to understand your purchasing patterns

如果您日常消費的地方有集點卡，Facebook 有可能會花錢去了解你的消費模式

Potentially learning about what you eat or even what type of toothpaste you use.

便已得知你的飲食習慣，甚至是你平時用的牙膏品牌

So, your phone can listen to you, but it can also follow you as well.

所以你的手機能夠監聽你，還能夠跟蹤你

Every time you receive a text or use data to load an app,

每當你收到短信或是用資料去載入 app

companies can log and retain your location based on the cell tower and cellular antenna you connect it to.

根據你連到的行動網路基地台，這些公司能夠紀錄與截取你的位置

The precision of location has increased over time and get paint a detailed picture of where you go.

這些位置的精準度會隨著時間慢慢提升，還能夠清楚知道你的行蹤

So, your phone may start sending you ads for swimsuits because you were just physically in or near a surf shop.

所以你的手機會出現泳裝的廣告是因為你人正在泳具店裡或是在它的附近

These companies will claim they aren't doing anything you haven't agreed to as you have accepted the privacy policy that allows the collection of your information.

這些公司會說我們沒有做你不同意的事情，因為你在 app 上按了同意個資收集的隱私條款。

And did you read the fine print?

你先前有閱讀過這些條款嗎

Probably not.

可能沒有

A study presented 543 participants with a fake app called Name Drop to see how many would read the privacy policy and terms of service.

一則研究顯示了 543 位參與者使用一款假的 app 叫 Name Drop，目的要知道有多少人會真的閱讀這些隱私政策與服務條款

74% skipped reading the agreement all together, and those who did read it didn't do a great job.

74% 的人會全部跳過，至於那些有閱讀的也沒有讀得很完整

98% percent of participants missed the gotcha clauses, which included sharing all your data with the NSA, your employer, and agreeing to provide your firstborn child as payment

98% 的參與者忽略了一些使你受騙上當的子句，像是會要你同意分享個資給國家安全局，給你的雇主，並且同意把你的長子當做抵押

And what about the rise of smart speakers like Google Home and Amazon Alexa?

那正興起的智慧型喇叭像是 Google Home 和 Amazon Alexa 呢？

Which are designed to listen to you at all times.

它們就是用來無時無刻監聽我們的

Though, they are supposed to only record your voice when giving prompts like "Ok, Google"

不過，它們應該只有在給提示的時候才能錄音，像是 Ok，Google

Recently a couple found that Amazon's Alexa recorded a private conversation and then randomly sent it to a friend

最近一對夫妻發現 Amazon 的 Alexa 錄下了一段私密對話並傳送給朋友

These are deemed unfortunate glitches.

這些是被認定為不幸的小毛病

But what if someone gained access to them as Wi-Fi networks and mobile internet devices are easier to hack than you might think?

但無線網路與手機網路裝置比你想的還容易入侵，萬一遇到有心人士該怎麼辦 ?

Your typical wireless internet information is kept confidential

你家的無線網路資訊是加密保存的

by being converted from a readable state to nonsense at the access point and then converted back to a readable state when you use the

當你在電腦上輸入正確的 Wi-Fi 密碼，密碼資訊傳到無限分享器時會被轉換成程式碼

correct Wi-Fi password from your computer.

然後再轉回看得懂的型態

When Internet moved from physically wired networks to wireless technology it became easier to hack and less secure because the encryption

當網路從有線移到無線很容易被入侵且不安全，因為加密機制

schemes are relatively simple.

相當地簡單

For example,

例如

Your webcam can be hacked by creating a remote access tool which is the digital equivalent of someone adding an unlocked window to your home without you even noticing.

別人可以透過遠端程式來入侵你的攝像頭，這程式等同於在你家安裝一道沒有上鎖的窗戶，且不讓你發現.

Also, the FBI Agent meme isn't far from the truth, as the FBI is known to use phishing, which is slipping a link into a message

同時，FBI 的探員對此也不會感到陌生，他們慣用的手法俗稱網路釣魚，就是將連結塞入訊息之中

that is labeled in a misleading way... when you hit the link your device connects to the FBI's computer

訊息標示通常不讓人起疑，當你點擊連結時，探員的電腦就連到你的裝置

downloading malware, which is then able to covertly spy on you.

下載惡意程式，偷偷監視著你

Long story short, your phone is capable of listening to you, following you, and even watching you.

長話短說，你的手機能夠監聽你、跟蹤你甚至是監視著你

If online security and privacy is important to you, make sure you check out today's sponsor of our video Nord VPN, who is offering you

如果你重視個人網路安全及隱私，一定要來看看我們今天的影片的贊助著 Nord VPN

77% off of a three-year plan.

Nord VPN 提供 3 年的方案可以享有 2.3 折優惠

If you use the promo code "asapscience" or go to NordVPN.com/asapscience VPNs or virtual private networks, encrypt your Internet traffic and mask your identity online so people can't see where you're searching or get access to your private information.

前提要使用促銷代碼 asapscience 或是直接到這網站 NordVPN.com/asapscience。VPNs 是虛擬私人網路，它會加密你的網路連線、掩飾你的身分，所以別人看不到你搜尋的地方，也無法取得你的個人資訊。

NordVPN is the world's most advanced VPN service using military-grade encryption.

NordVPN 是全球最先進的虛擬私人網路服務、使用的是軍事等級的加密

They also offer a super-fast experience with almost no impact on speed while using it.

在使用上，提供你快到不行、暢行無阻的體驗

It has features like an automatic kill switch, browser proxy extension, ad blocking, and many more.

它的功能有自動斷阻，網頁擴充，廣告阻擋，還有許多等等

NordVPN even passes the Great Firewall of China and works in the Middle East where not all VPNs work

NordVPN 甚至可以翻過中國國家防火牆，還能夠到達少數有服務的中東地區

With 4300 servers and counting, in 62 countries,

擁有 4300 個伺服器，遍布 62 個國家

They're constantly growing and expanding, which separates them from other providers.

該公司目前正持續成長與擴展，讓他們跟其他同業比起來較為突出

On top of all this, you can use it on six devices simultaneously

除此之外，你還可以同時在 6 個裝置使用

like your phone, your computer, your tablet, so that you're protecting your information at all times, including if you're on public Wi-Fi.

像是你的手機、電腦、平板，如此一來，即使是連到公共網路，你還是可以隨時保護你的資訊

Again, you can use the promo code 'asapscience' or head to NordVPN.com/asapscience

你也可以使用促銷代碼 asapscience 或直接到這網站 NordVPN.com/asapscience

to get 77 percent off of a three-year plan and start protecting your privacy online.

索取 3 年 2.3 折的優惠，來開始保護你的個資

Thanks so much for watching and we'll see you next Thursday for a new science video.

感謝收看，我們在下週四的科學影片中見

Peace.

掰