It's called fintech, and it's changing economies around the world.

它名叫 fintech ，正在改變全球經濟。

Fintech is short for Financial Technology - seems simple, right?

Fintech 是金融科技的縮寫，看似簡單對吧 ?

Well, the term fintech includes a huge range of products, technologies, and business models that are changing the financial services industry.

fintech 包括了大範圍的產品、科技與商業模式，而它們正在慢慢改變金融服務的產業。

It refers to everything from cashless payments, to crowdfunding platforms, to robo-advisors, to virtual currencies.

它涉及的範疇從無現金支付、募資平台、機器人投資顧問到虛擬貨幣。

So every time you donate to someone's Kickstarter campaign - that's fintech.

每當你捐錢給某人的 Kickstarter 募款活動，那就是金融科技。

Or if you transfer money to someone using Venmo - that's also fintech.

或是你用 Venmo 轉帳給別人，那也是金融科技。

And that's just the beginning.

這還只是初階的發展應用。

Here at a major fintech conference in Amsterdam, hundreds of companies are trying to disrupt the banking and finance industries by changing the way we pay and borrow money.

在阿姆斯特丹這裡有場重要的金融科技會議，上百家公司試圖撼動銀行與金融業的傳統模式，改變我們付款、借款的方法。

And investors are buying it.

而投資人已經買單。

Global investment in the fintech sector has added up to nearly $100 billion since 2010.

自從 2010，全球在金融產業的投資加起來將近一千億。

In 2017 alone, fintech investment surged 18%.

光是 2017 年，金融科技的投資上升了 18%。

Startups focusing on payment and lending technologies received the majority of those funds.

重心放在支付和貸款技術的初創公司都是以這種方式取得大多數的資金。

It's not just startups that are getting into fintech.

不是只有初創企業這樣做而已。

Some of the world's biggest companies from Apple to Alibaba are going big on it, too.

一些全球的大公司像是蘋果、阿里巴巴也走向金融科技。

Just think of Apple Pay or Alipay.

例如蘋果支付或是支付寶。

One reason for all of this investment?

這樣的投資總有個原因吧 ?

Consumers are adopting fintech - fast.

消費者正十分迅速地採用金融科技應用。

One out of every three people across 20 major economies report using at least two fintech services in the last six months.

在 20 個主要的經濟體中，在過去半年，每 3 人之中就有 1 人至少使用 2 種金融科技的服務。

China and India are leading the way with more than half of consumers using services like money transfers, financial planning, borrowing and insurance.

中國及印度以過半的消費者領先，這些消費者都有使用現金轉帳、財務規劃、借貸和保險等金融科技服務。

Financial technology has filled a void for people around the world who don't have access to traditional banking services.

金融科技幫助了那些在世界上無法去銀行辦理傳統金融業務的人。

In fact, it's estimated nearly two billion people worldwide are without bank accounts.

事實上，估計全球有 20 億人口沒有銀行帳戶。

Now, thanks to fintech, all you need is your phone to take out a loan or insurance.

現今，多虧了金融科技，你只需要拿出你的手機就能夠貸款或是保險。

Take Kenya, which pioneered a mobile banking system called M-Pesa.

以肯亞來說，它是手機金融服務系統的始祖國，他們的系統叫 M-Pesa。

Kenyans access their M-Pesa accounts directly on their mobile phones to transfer money, pay bills or take out loans.

肯亞人用手機就可以取得 M-Pesa 的帳號來轉帳、繳帳單或是貸款。

Today, an estimated 96% of households in Kenya use M-Pesa.

至今，估計 96% 肯亞的住戶在使用 M-Pesa。

And one study found it has helped lift roughly 2% of Kenyan households out of extreme poverty.

一則研究調查也指出 M-Pesa 幫助了 2% 的肯亞人脫離極端貧困。

The rise of fintech has forced traditional lenders, insurers and asset managers to embrace new digital technologies.

金融科技的興起強迫傳統的放款公司、保險業者、資產顧問接受新的數位科技。

For example, wealth managers now have to compete with robo-advisors which are automated financial planning services.

舉例來說，理財專員現在要跟能提供自動化理財方案的機器人投資顧問競爭。

I mean talk about rise of the robots, right?

大家都知道機器人越來越厲害對吧 ?

Thanks to high-tech algorithms, these services are available 24/7.

多虧高科技的演算法，這些機器人服務是全年無休的。

And can be more affordable than traditional asset managers.

而且收費還比傳統的資產顧問便宜。

That helps explain why some robo-advisors already have billions of dollars under management.

這也解釋了為何數十億資金已經是由機器人管理。

Like any growing industry, fintech isn't without risks.

跟任何成長中的產業一樣，金融科技也是有風險的。

And some regulators have struggled to keep up with the fast pace of innovation.

法規制定者有時也很難跟上新科技如此快速的步伐。

Think of peer-to-peer lending platforms - where individuals borrow and lend without going through a bank.

例如網路借貸平臺，它讓雙方的借貸行為不用透過銀行。

Compared to traditional banks, these services might not be required to set aside as much money in case customers default on their loans.

不同於傳統銀行，該服務並不受到法規限制一定得預先存放一筆同樣金額的現金，以防客戶不履行他的貸款。

This can be risky for companies and consumers.

對公司與客戶而言，這都風險重重。

Data privacy is another major concern.

資料隱私又是另一個重要的考量。

As more financial services go digital, cyber attacks become a bigger risk.

隨著金融服務數位化，網路攻擊也變成很大的風險。

The challenges facing financial technology are likely to grow as more businesses go digital.

隨著越來越多公司走向數位化，金融科技面臨的挑戰也會慢慢變多。

But for many of the companies and consumers here - fintech is more than a buzzword.

但對許多公司與消費者而言， fintech 不只是個流行一時的詞。

It's a big business opportunity.

它已展現出可觀的商機。

Hey everyone, Elizabeth here. Thanks so much for tuning in.

大家好，我是 Elizabeth，謝謝收看我的頻道。

Be sure to check out more of our videos over here including one about blockchain and another where I talk to a company that's going cashless.

你一定要來看看更多的影片，內容包括了區塊鏈，以及另一部關於邁向無現金化的公司。

Let us know if you have any other ideas for videos in the comments section and while you're there, subscribe to our channel.

如果對影片有任何的想法可以在底下留言讓我們知道，而既然你都來了，就訂閱我們的頻道吧！

See you later!

下次見 !