This English lesson is all about auxiliary verbs

本節英語課的內容是助動詞

or you might recognise them if I say "helping verbs",

或者如果我說 "助動詞"，你可能會認出它們。

verbs that help the main verb in an English sentence.

動詞，幫助英語句子中的主動詞。

So why are they so important?

那麼為什麼它們如此重要呢？

Knowing a little more about auxiliary verbs

多瞭解一些助動詞的知識

will help you to improve your English grammar

將幫助你提高英語語法水準

because the relationship between

因

an auxiliary verb and a main verb

助動詞和主動詞之和

is very clear, plain and simple in English.

是非常清晰、樸實、簡單的英語。

The auxiliary verb, "do",

助動詞，"做"。

exists in the simple tenses.

存在於簡單時態中。

The auxiliary verb, "be",

助動詞，"被"。

exists in the continuous tenses

存在於連續時態中

and the auxiliary verb "have"

和助動詞 "有"。

exists in the perfect tenses.

存在於完全時態中。

Now before we do anything else this lesson,

現在在我們做其他事情之前，這節課。

just stop for a moment and think about this

停一停，想一想

because this information is golden!

因為這些資訊都是黃金！

It's really valuable information.

這真的是很有價值的資訊。

As you're checking your writing after

當你檢查你的寫作後

completing an IELTS exam or

完成雅思考試或

checking an email before you

查收郵件

send it to your customers,

送給你的客戶。

these simple reminders need to be

這些簡單的提醒需要

in your mind.

在你心中。

Now auxiliary verbs are a really interesting part

現在，助動詞是一個非常有趣的部分。

of the English language.

的英語。

There's quite a few things

有相當多的東西

that you need to know about them,

你需要了解他們。

about grammar, about pronunciation,

關於文法，關於發音。

about writing, about speaking.

關於寫作，關於演講。

So I want to make three things clear to you first.

所以我想先跟大家說清楚三件事。

There are three main auxiliary verbs in English:

英語中主要有三個助動詞。

"do", "be" and "have".

"做"、"是 "和 "有"。

Modal verbs are also considered auxiliary verbs

情態動詞也被認為是助動詞。

but there are different grammar rules for modal verbs.

但情態動詞有不同的文法規則。

In this lesson, we're focusing on

在這節課中，我們將重點學習

"do", "be" and "have".

"做"、"是 "和 "有"。

These auxiliary verbs can also be used

這些助動詞也可以用來

as main verbs.

作為主動詞。

She didn't do it!

她沒有做！

He's being annoying.

他很煩人。

I've had three.

我有三個。

Number two.

二號

When you're using English verbs,

當你在使用英語動詞時。

whether it's a sentence with

不管是一句話，還是

only a main verb or there's an auxiliary verb,

只有一個主動詞或有一個助動詞。

they must agree with the subject.

他們必須同意這個主題。

You need to choose the right verb form

你需要選擇正確的動詞形式

for the subject in your sentence.

句中的主語。

He is leaving.

他要走了

They are leaving.

他們要走了

I am leaving.

我要走了

The auxiliary verb

助動詞

must match the main verb.

必須與主動詞相匹配。

Now if you want to learn more about

如果你想了解更多關於

subject-verb agreement,

主語-動詞一致。

then check out this video that I made about it, right here.

然後看看我做的這個視頻，就在這裡。

Number three.

第三個。

Auxiliary verbs in positive sentences

陽性句中的助動詞

are function words,

是功能詞。

not content words.

不是內容詞。

This means that they're usually

這意味著，他們通常

unstressed when they're spoken.

說的時候不緊張。

Unstressed words in English are often

英語中的非重音詞通常是

reduced or contracted

縮

when they're spoken out loud in English

用英語說出來

so they can be difficult to hear.

所以他們可能很難聽到。

I'm shopping with my friends.

我和我的朋友一起逛街。

He's taking his time.

他在慢慢來

I've bought you some fruit.

我給你買了些水果。

Now in negative sentences,

現在用否定句。

auxiliary verbs are usually stressed

助動詞通常被強調

but often, they're contracted with "not".

但往往是用 "不是 "來承包。

I didn't like it.

我不喜歡它。

We haven't been there yet.

我們還沒有去過那裡。

Notice that when the sentence is negative,

注意，當句子是否定的。

you can contract the auxiliary verb with "not"

你可以用 "不 "來收縮助動詞。

or you can also contract the auxiliary to the subject.

或者你也可以把輔助工具承包給主體。

We've not been there yet.

我們還沒有去過那裡。

Learning how to contract auxiliary verbs in English

學習英語中助動詞的收縮方法

is instantly going to make you sound

瞬間會讓你聽起來

more relaxed and natural when you speak.

說話時更加輕鬆自然。

It's much more natural to say

說出來就自然多了

"He's not coming."

"他不會來了。"

or "He isn't coming."

或 "他不來了"

than "He is not coming."

比 "他不來了"。

Okay! Time to look at some examples,

好的！是時候看看一些例子了。

starting with "do".

以 "做 "開頭的。

"Do" is the auxiliary verb

"做 "是助動詞

used in the simple tenses in English.

用在英語的簡單時態中。

"do" and "does" in the present tense

"做 "和 "做 "的現在時

and "did" in the past tense.

和 "做了 "的過去式。

In the future forms, with "will" and "going to",

在未來的形式中，有 "將 "和 "去"。

we use the infinitive form only,

我們只用不定式。

"do".

"做"。

We eat fish on Fridays.

我們週五吃魚。

They don't want to.

他們不想。

He doesn't eat meat.

他不吃肉。

Did you like it?

你喜歡嗎？

Doesn't Paul know about it?

難道保羅不知道嗎？

I'll do it later.

我以後再做。

She will do it first.

她會先做的。

Now take a moment

現在花點時間

to think about these examples

思考這些例子

and to think about what I mentioned earlier.

並想到我前面提到的。

The subject-verb agreement rules.

主語-動詞約定規則。

How the verb form changes depending on the subject

動詞形式如何根據主語的不同而變化

and the contractions.

和收縮。

What you hear so often in spoken English

你經常聽到的英語口語

and what you see in informal writing

和你在非正式寫作中看到的

are these contractions.

是這些收縮。

Also notice that in the very first example

還請注意，在第一個例子中

we can't see the auxiliary verb "do".

我們看不到助動詞 "做"。

In the present tense,

用現在時態。

in negative sentences and in questions

在否定句和疑問句中

then yes - of course - you must use the auxiliary verb

那麼是的--當然--你必須使用助動詞。

"do" or "does"

"做 "或 "做"

or "don't" or "doesn't".

或 "不要 "或 "不"。

We don't eat fish on Fridays.

我們週五不吃魚。

Do you eat fish on Fridays?

你週五吃魚嗎？

But in positive sentences

但在正面句子中

in the present tense,

用現在時態。

the auxiliary verb is often omitted.

的助動詞往往被省略。

It's often left out because it's unnecessary.

因為沒有必要，所以常常被忽略。

The sentence, "We eat fish on Fridays"

"我們週五吃魚 "這句話。

is exactly the same as the sentence

和這句話完全一樣

"We do eat fish on Fridays"

"我們星期五吃魚"

Often when "do" is included,

常常在包含 "做 "的時候。

it's to add emphasis to the sentence,

是為了增加句子的重點。

to make something clear.

來說明一些問題。

Like in this context,

比如在這種情況下。

"You guys don't eat fish."

"你們不吃魚。"

"We do eat fish! We eat it every Friday!"

"我們確實吃魚！我們每週五都吃！"

Okay! Let's move on and talk about "be".

好了，我們繼續說 "被"。我們繼續說說 "是"。

"Be" is the auxiliary verb used in the

"被 "是助動詞，用在。

continuous or the progressive tenses.

連續式或遞進式。

"Am", "are" or "is"

"是"、"是 "或 "是"

in the present continuous tense

現在進行時

and "was" and "were" in the past continuous tense.

和 "是 "和 "是 "在過去連續時態中。

In the future forms, we only use

在未來的形式中，我們只使用

the infinitive "be".

的不定式 "被"。

Of course, the main verb in the continuous tenses

當然，連續時態的主動詞

is always using the "ing" form.

是一直使用 "ing "的形式。

But the "be" verb, the auxiliary verb,

但 "被 "字動詞，是助動詞。

will always be there, helping out.

會一直在那裡，幫忙。

We are following your brother.

我們跟著你的兄弟。

I am trying to call him now.

我現在正試著給他打電話。

It isn't raining at the moment.

此刻沒有下雨。

Is he bringing his friend?

他是帶著他的朋友來的嗎？

Aren't we taking Sara?

我們不是要帶走Sara嗎？

He will be presenting at 3:00 p.m.

他將在下午3點進行演講。

Will you be going to work today?

你今天會去上班嗎？

Again, stop for a moment

再來，停一下

and have a look at these examples.

並看看這些例子。

The subject-verb agreement

主語-動詞協議

so how the verb form is always changing

所以動詞形式怎麼總是在變化

depending on the subject and the tense

視主語和時態而定

and the contractions.

和收縮。

Often in spoken English or informal writing,

常常在英語口語或非正式寫作中。

you'll see these contractions.

你會看到這些收縮。

Now the "be" verb is also used as an auxiliary verb

現在 "被 "字動詞也用作助動詞了

in the passive voice

被動語氣

in sentences like

句中

"I was given three minutes to finish."

"給我三分鐘的時間完成。"

So it's not always with a verb that's in

所以，它並不總是與一個動詞，在

the continuous form.

連續形式。

Here, the "be" verb

這裡的 "被 "字動詞

is used with the main verb in the past participle form.

是與主動詞一起使用的過去分詞形式。

Lastly, "have".

最後是 "有"。

"Have" is the auxiliary verb used in the perfect tenses.

"有 "是用在完成時態的助動詞。

"Have" and "has" in the present perfect tense

"有 "和 "已 "在現在的完成時態中。

and "had" in the past perfect tense .

和 "曾 "在過去的完成時態。

In the future forms, we use the infinitive form only.

在未來形式中，我們只用不定式。

"have"

"有"

with "will" or "going to".

與 "將 "或 "去"。

Now, of course, the main verb in the perfect tenses

現在，當然，主要的動詞在完成時態中

is in past participle form.

是過去分詞形式。

And I've made quite a few lessons

而且我也上了不少課

about the present perfect tense

現在完成時

so you can check them out here if you need to.

所以如果你需要的話，可以在這裡查看。

So in the present perfect tense,

所以用現在的完全時態。

your main verb is in the past participle form

你的主動詞是過去分詞形式

and the auxiliary verb "have"

和助動詞 "有"。

is always going to be there, helping out.

是一直會在那裡，幫忙。

Kate has taken the car.

凱特把車開走了

We have tried it many times.

我們已經試過很多次了。

It hasn't arrived yet.

還沒到

Have they brought the umbrella?

他們帶傘了嗎？

We have been waiting for hours!

我們已經等了幾個小時了！

He will have finished by 3:00 p.m.

他將在下午3點前完成。

Again, let's check what's happening here.

我們再來看看這裡發生了什麼。

The subject-verb agreement.

主語與動詞的約定。

So the verb is always changing

所以動詞一直在變化

depending on the subject

根據不同的主題

and the tense

和時態

and check out these contractions.

並檢查這些收縮。

Kate's taken the car.

凱特把車開走了

We've tried it many times.

我們已經試過很多次了。

Well that's it for this lesson!

好了，這節課就上到這裡吧!

I hope that it's been really helpful for you

希望對你真的有幫助。

because understanding

因為了解

the role of the auxiliary verb in English,

英語中助動詞的作用。

it's challenging,

它的挑戰。

but it's really important

但它真的很重要

and I hope that this lesson showed you that the

我希望這堂課能讓你知道。

way auxiliary verbs are used in English

助動詞的用法

is reasonably consistent.

是合理一致的。

It's just about becoming familiar

熟悉一下就好了

with the way that sentences function.

與句子的功能方式。

As always, if you enjoyed my lesson, please subscribe

如果您喜歡我的課程，請一如既往地訂閱。

by clicking the red button right there.

通過點擊那裡的紅色按鈕。

And make sure that you're notified

並確保通知你

when I upload a new lesson.

當我上傳新課時。

To do that, click the bell button just here as well.

要做到這一點，也請點擊剛才這裡的鈴鐺按鈕。

Since we just practised a whole lot of English grammar,

由於我們剛剛練習了一大堆英語語法。

why don't you mix it up a bit

你為什麼不把它混合起來一點

and practise your English pronunciation

練習你的英語發音

and speaking skills

和說話技巧

in either of these two fabulous lessons?

在這兩節美妙的課程中的任何一節？

Thanks for watching and I'll see you next time.

謝謝你的觀看，我們下次再見。

Bye for now!

再見