Everything in the universe is made up of atoms.

宇宙間所有事物都是原子構成。

Atoms are 99.9999999% empty space.

原子內部有 99.99999999% 是空的。

So that means you humans, the walls you want to walk through, and everything around you is mostly empty space.

也就是說，人類想要穿越的任何一道牆，以及所有周圍的東西都是空的。

It's mind boggling, but if that's true, why can't we pass through that empty space?

難以想像吧？但如果這是真的，我們為什麼無法任意穿過空的空間呢？

Atoms are made of electrons and a nucleus containing protons and neutrons.

原子是由電子、原子核中的質子與中子所組成。

We usually see atoms drawn like this, but these sketches are nowhere near to scale.

通常我們會看到原子畫出來長這樣，但實際上根本不是這樣。

Let's say an atom is the size of a melon.

如果原子的大小像一顆西瓜。

If that's the case, then the nucleus and the electrons would be too small to even see!

那中子及電子就會小到看不見。

So yeah, there's a lot of empty space.

所以沒錯，有很多空的空間。

But it's not entirely empty.

但卻又不完全是整個都空的

In those basic sketches of atoms, it's usually illustrated that electrons orbit around the nucleus just like our planet orbits the sun.

通常那些原子素描圖只描繪出電子繞行中子，就像地球繞著太陽。

But in actuality, electrons swarm around that empty space in cloud formations.

但事實上，電子在空白空間是群集成雲狀結構。

Think about it like a fan.

想像一下，就如同電風扇。

It may seem like there's lots of empty space, but when it's turned on, you can see that the blades are basically everywhere all at once.

看起來好像有很多空的空間，但開啟電源後，會看見扇葉轉動時占據了整個空間

Now, theoretically, if you tried to stick your hand into that fan, you'd see that your hand and the fan blades can't exist in the same place at once…

理論上，如果你試著將手放進電風扇裡，會發現扇葉跟你的手無法同時共存在同個空間。

No, Triangle Bob, don't! I said theoretically!

不，三角人 Bob，別！我只是說理論上！

Anyway, two things cannot exist in the same place at once and the same goes for electrons.

總之，兩個東西無法共存在同個空間，電子亦是如此。

This theory is called the Pauli Exclusion Principle.

這項理論稱為「包利不相容原理」

No two electrons can be in the same state or configuration.

任何兩個電子都無法同時保持同一狀態或形態。

On a basic level, this is why you can't walk through walls.

一般情況下，這就是為什麼你無法穿牆。

So, you can't pass through an object, but did you know that you actually can't even touch them either?

所以，我們無法穿越任何的東西，但你知道其實你也碰不到任何東西嗎？

If you did stick your hand in that fan, you'd probably feel the blades hitting your hand, but you wouldn't actually be feeling the blades.

如果你真的把手伸進電風扇，會感覺到扇葉打到你手上，但你其實沒辦法真的「感覺到」扇葉的存在。

You've never truly felt any object ever!

你其實根本沒辦法「感受」到任何東西存在！

Yes, I know this sounds pretty wacky, but bear with us.

我知道這聽起來很奇怪，但耐心聽我說！

You know how the negative end of a magnet repels other negative magnets?

就像兩個負極磁鐵相互排斥一樣。

That's what's happening when you try to touch anything.

這也應用在你碰觸任何物體的時候。

It's like there's a little invisible force field between you and everything you touch.

就好像有個隱形的力在你和所有物品間。

It's poked and prodded, but never broken.

會被刺到，但永遠不會破。

It's the same with everything else in the universe too.

世間上任何東西都一樣。

Now, you obviously can't, but if you were to actually walk through a wall, it would basically break science.

很明顯的你無法穿牆，即使你可以，也會打破科學根據。

Electrons are fermions and have to obey the Pauli Exclusion Principle.

電子是費米子的一種，也遵從包利不相容原理。

But bosons, another type of subatomic particle, don't.

但是玻色子，也就是另一種次原子粒子卻不然。

And if fermions started acting like bosons, the Universe would be a very weird place.

假如費米子表現得像玻色子，宇宙將會變成一個很詭異的地方。

My head hurts just thinking about it.

想想都頭痛。

But we aren't completely hopeless!

但我們也不用完全感到絕望！

There's still quantum tunneling, which is where a very tiny particle can make its way across a barrier

量子穿隧仍然存在，也就是一個非常微小的粒子可以穿過障礙物的路徑。

even though, according to classical mechanics, it doesn't have the energy to do so.

儘管根據古典力學，它沒有足夠的能量可以這麼做。

And this isn't just some wacky idea -- tunneling is used in scanning tunneling microscopes.

這並非只是個奇怪的想法，此通道被應用在掃描穿隧顯微鏡上。（探測物質表面的儀器）

Basically, electrons have a small probability of tunneling between the surface of the solid and a tiny tip on the microscope.

基本上，電子在固體表面和顯微鏡上微小尖端之間穿隧的可能性很小。

If you wanted to use this phenomenon to walk through walls, you'd need every single particle in your body to tunnel through the barrier.

如果你想創造穿牆的奇蹟，你需要身體中的每個粒子都穿過屏障。

And sadly, the probability of that happening is very, very small.

不幸的是，這種情況發生的機率微乎其微。

Thanks to my animator though, I can pass through whatever I like. See?

不過多虧我的動畫師，我可以穿過任何我喜歡的東西。 看！

Although, it does kinda make me feel funny right after.

儘管之後我確實會覺得很可笑。

If you could choose one super power, what would it be?

如果能擁有一項超能力，你會想要什麼？

Let us know in the comment section below!

留言在下方讓我們知道答案！

Thank you so much to Honey for sponsoring this video.

感謝 Honey 贊助這部影片。

Honey is a free browser extension that over 9 million people are using every day to save money while they shop online.

Honey 是免費的瀏覽器擴充功能，每日有將近 900 萬人使用，幫助人們在網購時省錢。

Installing Honey is super simple.

安裝 Honey 非常簡單。

It only takes 2 clicks.

只需要點兩次按鍵。

Just go to joinhoney.com/LifeNoggin to get started.

前往 joinhoney.com/LifeNoggin 就可以開始安裝程序了。

Once that's finished any time you check out at an online store, Honey will automatically apply the best coupon it can find to give you the biggest discount.

只要安裝完成，網路購物的時候，Honey 就會自動幫你尋找最大折扣的折價卷。

I saved $4.00 on this magical unicorn cookie basket from Cookies By Design.

我就事這樣從 Cookies By Design 商店省下 4 塊美金的。

It's called treating yourself, and I will not be ashamed.

這就叫不虧待自己，我引以為傲。

There really isn't any reason not to add Honey to your browser.

沒有什麼理由不擴充 Honey 這項功能。

It's free, takes just two clicks to install, and will save you money.

免費、只需要點兩次按鍵，還能因此省錢。

And if you want to support our channel, go to joinhoney.com/LifeNoggin, or click the link in the description below.

如果想要支持我們的頻道，請前往 joinhoney.com/LifeNoggin 網站，或點擊下面連結。

As always, my name is Blocko, this has been Life Noggin, don't forget to keep on thinking.

老樣子，我是 Blocko，這是 Life Noggin，別忘了持續動動腦。