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Hey, there! Welcome To Life Noggin!
哈囉!歡迎來到 Life Noggin!
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Everything in the universe is made up of atoms.
宇宙間所有事物都是原子構成。
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Atoms are 99.9999999% empty space.
原子內部有 99.99999999% 是空的。
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So that means you humans, the walls you want to walk through, and everything around you is mostly empty space.
也就是說,人類想要穿越的任何一道牆,以及所有周圍的東西都是空的。
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It's mind boggling, but if that's true, why can't we pass through that empty space?
難以想像吧?但如果這是真的,我們為什麼無法任意穿過空的空間呢?
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Atoms are made of electrons and a nucleus containing protons and neutrons.
原子是由電子、原子核中的質子與中子所組成。
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We usually see atoms drawn like this, but these sketches are nowhere near to scale.
通常我們會看到原子畫出來長這樣,但實際上根本不是這樣。
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Let's say an atom is the size of a melon.
如果原子的大小像一顆西瓜。
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If that's the case, then the nucleus and the electrons would be too small to even see!
那中子及電子就會小到看不見。
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So yeah, there's a lot of empty space.
所以沒錯,有很多空的空間。
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But it's not entirely empty.
但卻又不完全是整個都空的
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In those basic sketches of atoms, it's usually illustrated that electrons orbit around the nucleus just like our planet orbits the sun.
通常那些原子素描圖只描繪出電子繞行中子,就像地球繞著太陽。
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But in actuality, electrons swarm around that empty space in cloud formations.
但事實上,電子在空白空間是群集成雲狀結構。
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Think about it like a fan.
想像一下,就如同電風扇。
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It may seem like there's lots of empty space, but when it's turned on, you can see that the blades are basically everywhere all at once.
看起來好像有很多空的空間,但開啟電源後,會看見扇葉轉動時占據了整個空間
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Now, theoretically, if you tried to stick your hand into that fan, you'd see that your hand and the fan blades can't exist in the same place at once…
理論上,如果你試著將手放進電風扇裡,會發現扇葉跟你的手無法同時共存在同個空間。
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No, Triangle Bob, don't! I said theoretically!
不,三角人 Bob,別!我只是說理論上!
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Anyway, two things cannot exist in the same place at once and the same goes for electrons.
總之,兩個東西無法共存在同個空間,電子亦是如此。
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This theory is called the Pauli Exclusion Principle.
這項理論稱為「包利不相容原理」
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No two electrons can be in the same state or configuration.
任何兩個電子都無法同時保持同一狀態或形態。
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On a basic level, this is why you can't walk through walls.
一般情況下,這就是為什麼你無法穿牆。
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So, you can't pass through an object, but did you know that you actually can't even touch them either?
所以,我們無法穿越任何的東西,但你知道其實你也碰不到任何東西嗎?
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If you did stick your hand in that fan, you'd probably feel the blades hitting your hand, but you wouldn't actually be feeling the blades.
如果你真的把手伸進電風扇,會感覺到扇葉打到你手上,但你其實沒辦法真的「感覺到」扇葉的存在。
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You've never truly felt any object ever!
你其實根本沒辦法「感受」到任何東西存在!
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Yes, I know this sounds pretty wacky, but bear with us.
我知道這聽起來很奇怪,但耐心聽我說!
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You know how the negative end of a magnet repels other negative magnets?
就像兩個負極磁鐵相互排斥一樣。
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That's what's happening when you try to touch anything.
這也應用在你碰觸任何物體的時候。
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It's like there's a little invisible force field between you and everything you touch.
就好像有個隱形的力在你和所有物品間。
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It's poked and prodded, but never broken.
會被刺到,但永遠不會破。
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It's the same with everything else in the universe too.
世間上任何東西都一樣。
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Now, you obviously can't, but if you were to actually walk through a wall, it would basically break science.
很明顯的你無法穿牆,即使你可以,也會打破科學根據。
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Electrons are fermions and have to obey the Pauli Exclusion Principle.
電子是費米子的一種,也遵從包利不相容原理。
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But bosons, another type of subatomic particle, don't.
但是玻色子,也就是另一種次原子粒子卻不然。
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And if fermions started acting like bosons, the Universe would be a very weird place.
假如費米子表現得像玻色子,宇宙將會變成一個很詭異的地方。
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My head hurts just thinking about it.
想想都頭痛。
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But we aren't completely hopeless!
但我們也不用完全感到絕望!
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There's still quantum tunneling, which is where a very tiny particle can make its way across a barrier
量子穿隧仍然存在,也就是一個非常微小的粒子可以穿過障礙物的路徑。
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even though, according to classical mechanics, it doesn't have the energy to do so.
儘管根據古典力學,它沒有足夠的能量可以這麼做。
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And this isn't just some wacky idea -- tunneling is used in scanning tunneling microscopes.
這並非只是個奇怪的想法,此通道被應用在掃描穿隧顯微鏡上。(探測物質表面的儀器)
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Basically, electrons have a small probability of tunneling between the surface of the solid and a tiny tip on the microscope.
基本上,電子在固體表面和顯微鏡上微小尖端之間穿隧的可能性很小。
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If you wanted to use this phenomenon to walk through walls, you'd need every single particle in your body to tunnel through the barrier.
如果你想創造穿牆的奇蹟,你需要身體中的每個粒子都穿過屏障。
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And sadly, the probability of that happening is very, very small.
不幸的是,這種情況發生的機率微乎其微。
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Thanks to my animator though, I can pass through whatever I like. See?
不過多虧我的動畫師,我可以穿過任何我喜歡的東西。 看!
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Although, it does kinda make me feel funny right after.
儘管之後我確實會覺得很可笑。
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If you could choose one super power, what would it be?
如果能擁有一項超能力,你會想要什麼?
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Let us know in the comment section below!
留言在下方讓我們知道答案!
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Thank you so much to Honey for sponsoring this video.
感謝 Honey 贊助這部影片。
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Honey is a free browser extension that over 9 million people are using every day to save money while they shop online.
Honey 是免費的瀏覽器擴充功能,每日有將近 900 萬人使用,幫助人們在網購時省錢。
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Installing Honey is super simple.
安裝 Honey 非常簡單。
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It only takes 2 clicks.
只需要點兩次按鍵。
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Just go to joinhoney.com/LifeNoggin to get started.
前往 joinhoney.com/LifeNoggin 就可以開始安裝程序了。
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Once that's finished any time you check out at an online store, Honey will automatically apply the best coupon it can find to give you the biggest discount.
只要安裝完成,網路購物的時候,Honey 就會自動幫你尋找最大折扣的折價卷。
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I saved $4.00 on this magical unicorn cookie basket from Cookies By Design.
我就事這樣從 Cookies By Design 商店省下 4 塊美金的。
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It's called treating yourself, and I will not be ashamed.
這就叫不虧待自己,我引以為傲。
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There really isn't any reason not to add Honey to your browser.
沒有什麼理由不擴充 Honey 這項功能。
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It's free, takes just two clicks to install, and will save you money.
免費、只需要點兩次按鍵,還能因此省錢。
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And if you want to support our channel, go to joinhoney.com/LifeNoggin, or click the link in the description below.
如果想要支持我們的頻道,請前往 joinhoney.com/LifeNoggin 網站,或點擊下面連結。
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As always, my name is Blocko, this has been Life Noggin, don't forget to keep on thinking.
老樣子,我是 Blocko,這是 Life Noggin,別忘了持續動動腦。