Which of these orange circles do you think is bigger?

你認為哪個橘色圓圈比較大呢？

Well, neither is, they're actually the same size.

實際上它們一樣大。

Now, stare at the dot inside this circle...

現在仔細盯著圓圈內的那一點......

Keep staring and the circle seems to disappear!

當你持續看著它，圓圈看起來似乎消失了！

But it doesn't really...

但其實它還存在......

Why do our brains lie to us?

為什麼我們的大腦會傳達這樣的錯誤訊息呢？

We'll sometimes It just takes shortcuts.

原因在於有時候大腦會抄捷徑。

Lets take this first image for example.

以第一個例子來說。

The Ebbinghaus illusion.

它是所謂的「艾賓浩斯錯覺」。

Even though the right orange circle may look bigger, it's not.

即使右邊的橘色圓圈看起來更大，實際上並非如此。

See?

看懂了嗎？

Rather than taking time and energy to think critically, your brain makes assumptions.

我們的大腦沒有花時間去仔細思考，而是做出一些假設。

It sees that the right circle looks bigger in context with all the other smaller circles, and believes it's larger than the other orange circle.

它認為右邊的圓圈在附近較小的圓圈襯托下看起來比較大，故而判斷它比另一個橘色圓圈更大。

But when you look harder, you realize they're the same.

不過你認真看的話，會發現它們大小一樣。

Now have a look at this.

現在來看看這個。

This is known as the Snake Illusion.

這被稱為「旋轉蛇錯覺」。

It might look like it's moving but I promise it's not.

它看起來正在移動，但我保證它是靜止的。

Scientists have found that tiny eye movements called saccades occur when you look at this image.

科學家發現當人們注視那張圖片時，會發生被稱為「跳視」的細微眼球顫動。

Your brain mistakes these eye movements for motion in the image, activating the part of your brain that processes movement.

你的大腦把這樣的眼球顫動誤認成圖片移動，刺激了大腦中處理運動的區域。

Ok, I'm really dizzy now.

好吧現在我覺得頭暈目眩。

Let's move on.

繼續看下一個吧。

Okay next up, I want you to stare at the bird on the screen.

接著仔細盯著螢幕上的這隻鳥吧。

Just the bird.

只盯著那隻鳥就好。

Keep staring.

繼續盯著它。

Now look at the cage.

現在看向籠子。

Did a red bird appear inside the cage?

你是否看到紅鳥出現在籠中呢？

That happens because some of the color-sensitive receptors in your retina adapt to the color green after focusing on it for so long.

背後的原因在於長時間盯著綠色，會讓你的視網膜中有某些色彩敏感的受器適應了這個顏色。

When you look at the white cage, your eye is still adapted to green.

當你轉而看向白色籠子時，你的眼睛仍維持適應綠色的狀態。

But since it isn't there, your eye gives you the same shape in the complementary color––

但因實際上沒有綠色，所以眼前便會出現有著相同形狀的互補色––

red!

紅色！

Okay I'm gonna let this bird go because my dog is trying to kill it.

好吧我該把鳥放走了，不然我的狗很想吃了牠。

Our brains don't just trick us with optical illusions like these.

大腦不只在這些視錯覺上欺騙我們。

When you were a kid you might have played the game “Bloody Mary”?

在孩童時期，你可能曾玩過「血腥瑪麗」。

It's when you stare at yourself in the mirror in a dark room and call out, “Bloody Mary!” three times

當你在黑暗的屋內對著鏡中的自己大喊三遍「血腥瑪麗」時。

Some people see horrible things in the mirror!

有些人會在鏡中看到駭人的景象！

Well, what's happening is something called the Troxler Effect.

這被稱為「特克斯勒消逝效應」。

Your brain focuses on the thing it deems most relevant - whatever facial feature you're staring intently at.

大腦會聚焦在它認為比較相關的事物上──無論是你臉上的哪個器官。

Other parts of your face can become distorted or even replaced with more body parts.

其他臉部特徵會變得扭曲、甚至多長出其他身體部位。

Some features can disappear all together!

有些臉部特徵也可能消失！

How do i look now?

我現在看起來如何？

Am I ready for my close up?

我準備好拍特寫照片了？

This Troxler Effect is also why that blue circle you saw earlier disappeared when you stared at the red dot!

特克斯勒消逝效應也解釋了為什麼盯著紅色圓點後、外圍的藍色圓圈會消失！

But what about magic tricks?

至於魔術呢？

Have a look at Zig Zag girl.

我們來看「 Zig Zag girl」(註：一種人體分割魔術) 的例子吧。

You might think that there's no way a person could contort themselves into a shape like that.

或許你認為人們不可能把自己的身體彎曲成那樣。

What about now?

現在如何呢？

It's a lot more realistic.

目前看來真實多了。

When the boxes are painted, our brains don't see the person inside as one continuous object so it gets confused.

由於箱子被彩繪，大腦不認為箱內的那個人是連續的物體，因此大腦被迷惑了。

This is Gestalt's principle of continuity in action.

這是「格式塔的連續性原則」的展示。

Designs with lines that suddenly change direction are a lot harder to comprehend and magicians use that to their advantage.

突然改變線條的方向會讓大腦難以理解，魔術師正是利用這樣的特性。

While all these brain and visual malfunctions are normal, some conditions can trick your brain even more.

這些視錯覺現象很正常，但有些可能會嚴重地欺騙你的大腦。

And psychiatric illnesses can result in auditory hallucinations, hearing voices or things that aren't there.

精神疾病可能導致幻聽，像是聽到一些不存在的聲音。

There's still so much we don't know about the brain but studying its response to optical illusions could help scientists learn so much more about how it really functions.

我們對於大腦還有許多未知的地方，但研究它對視覺錯覺的反應可以幫助科學家找出更多它運作的細節。

Do you have a favorite optical illusion?

你有喜歡的視錯覺嗎？

Has there ever been a time where your brain has lied to you?

你曾有過被大腦欺騙的經驗嗎？

Let us know in the comment section below!

在底下留言讓我們知道！

And If you enjoyed this video, you're definitely gonna wanna check out the video we did on how you can control your dreams.

如果你喜歡這支影片，想必你一定會想觀看另一支關於如何控制夢境的影片。

You may have heard of lucid dreaming.

你可能聽過「清醒夢」。

General lucid dreaming is when you know you're dreaming while it's happening.

一般來說，清醒夢是指你能認知到自己正在作夢。

Some lucid dreamers even say they can control their dreams.

有些清醒夢者甚至能夠控制自己的夢境。

My name is Blocko!

我叫 Blocko！

This has been Life Noggin!

這裡是 Life Noggin！

Don't forget to Keep On Thinking!

別忘了持續思考！