Name: 【TED】伊莎貝爾．威爾克森: 大遷徙以及一個決定的力量 (The Great Migration and the power of a single decision | Isabel Wilkerson)
Uploaded: 2018-05-01T11:20:32.000Z
Duration: 17 min 56 s

程度副詞

It's a scene that played out in nearly all of our families.

幾乎在我們所有人家中 都會上演這個情境，

在這個情境中，有一個年輕人，

It was a decision to leave all that they had known.

他得做出一個讓人心碎的決定。

And all of the people that they had loved

這個決定是他要離開 所有他熟悉的一切，

Migration is usually a young person's endeavor.

只希望在那裡過上更好的生活。

It's the kind of thing that you do when you're on the cusp of life.

遷徙通常是年輕人才會 試圖去做的事情。

And so, there is, in all of our families,

是一件你在人生的關口時會做的事。

this young person somewhere in our background.

所以，在我們所有人的家庭中，

過去都曾有一個這樣的年輕人。

that will cross the Atlantic or the Pacific Ocean.

那個人在把東西裝載到卡車上，

或著，那個人站在車站月台上，

about to board a train that will cross rivers and mountains

準備上火車，穿越河流及山岳，

離開南方的吉姆克勞， （註：克勞實行種族隔離制）

to what they hope will be freedom in the North.

到能找到自由的北方。 （註：克勞實行種族隔離制）

their aunt, their uncle, their grandparents,

他的姑姑、叔叔、他的祖父母。

whoever it might have been who had gotten them to this point.

這些較年長的人將無法 和他一起踏上這橫渡之旅。

were not going to be able to make the crossing with them.

And as they looked into the eyes of the people who had raised them,

that they would ever see them alive again.

甚至沒有可靠的長途電話服務。

not even reliable long-distance telephone service.

許多留下的人也都住在 沒有電話的地方。

many of the people that they were leaving did not even have telephones.

這趟旅程將會將他們完全分離，

聽到這些養育他的人的任何消息，

that they might hear anything about the people who had raised them

很可能就是一封電報 寫著「你的父親過世了。」

might be a telegram saying, "Your father has passed away."

或「你的母親病得非常非常重，

若你想見她最後一面， 你必須要盡快回家。」

You must return home quickly if you are to see her alive again."

這幾乎在我們所有人的 家族中都發生過，

that had to have happened in nearly all of our families

A single decision that changed the course of families

stands out in ways that we may not realize.

它被稱為「大遷徙  (the Great Migration)」，

It was the outpouring of six million African Americans

時間是一次大戰到 1970 年代間。

from the time of World War I until the 1970s.

它之所以特別，是因為 這是美國史上第一次，

It stands out because this was the first time in American history

美國公民必須逃離自己的出生地，

that American citizens had to flee the land of their birth

只為了讓自己的公民身份 能像過去一樣被承認。

just to be recognized as the citizens that they had always been.

才能讓自己的公民身份被承認。

而是在自己的國家內尋求政治庇護。

It was actually a seeking of political asylum

他們在逃離俗稱 「吉姆克勞」的等級制度。

They were defecting a caste system known as Jim Crow.

in which everything that you could and could not do

This caste system was so arcane that it was actually against the law

如果你被逮到和不同種族的 人下棋，可能會因此坐牢。

to merely play checkers together in Birmingham.

一定是有某人看到了 一個黑人和一個白人

if you were caught playing checkers with a person of a different race.

Someone must have seen a black person and a white person

playing checkers with someone in some town square.

他必定感覺到整個 南方文明的根基有危險，

but whatever it was that this person saw,

with this black person and this white person playing checkers,

they felt the entire foundation of Southern civilization was in peril.

And decided that it was worth taking the time

在南方各地的法庭 竟同時備有一本黑人聖經

讓不同種族的人們 發誓說實話時使用。

that in courtrooms throughout the South there was actually a black Bible

連神的話語都被做了種族隔離。

in the caste system of the Jim Crow South.

因為違反了人類對自由的渴望，

could not be touched by hands of different races.

所以需要大量的暴力才能維持它。

以致於每四天， 在美國南方的某個地方，

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【TED】伊莎貝爾．威爾克森: 大遷徙以及一個決定的力量 (The Great Migration and the power of a single decision | Isabel Wilkerson)

entire

recognize

tremendous

artificial