Social introversion is what's commonly accepted and understood as the stereotypical definition of introversion.

一般認知上對內向的定義通常屬於社交內向型。

Social introverts prefer solitude or small groups of people over large gatherings.

社交內向的人喜歡獨處或小群體勝於大團體活動。

They'd rather stay home with a book or laptop or hang out with close friends, than go to parties with many unfamiliar faces.

比起跟一堆不熟的人參加Party，他們寧願在家看書或打電腦或跟很熟的朋友出去。

Social introversion is different, however, from shyness, because there's no anxiety attached to their need for solitude.

社交內向其實不等於害羞，因為他們喜歡獨處，而不是焦慮使的他們只能獨處。

Thinking introversion is a newer concept.

思考內向型則是一個比較新的概念。

Thinking introverts are introspective, thoughtful, and self reflective.

思考內向的人和社交內向的人不同點在於思考內向的人思慮更縝密、更會自省。

Unlike social introverts, they don't feel a need to avoid large social scenes.

他們並不特別想避開大型社交場合。

Instead, they like to daydream using their rich imaginations and creative capacities.

反之，他們喜歡用豐富的想像力和創造力來做白日夢。

Anxious introverts, on the other hand, seek time alone because they feel awkward and self-conscious.

另外一方面，焦慮內向型的人尋求獨處是因為他們感到尷尬和太過在意別人的想法。

Unlike social introverts, they experience painful shyness around new people.

和社交內向型不一樣的是，焦慮內向的人面對新朋友會感覺非常害羞。

And the anxiety doesn't necessarily go away when they're alone, because they let situations play over and over in their heads, contemplating what might have gone wrong.

這種焦慮不會因為獨處而消失，因為他們會在腦中反覆的去想那些有可能會發生的糗事。

Lastly, restrained introverts function on a slower pace and prefer to think before they speak or act.

最後，抗拒內向型的人他們步調比較緩慢，而且喜歡仔細思考後再說話或行動。

They're also known for being reserved.

他們也被認為是保守的。

They like to take their time, preventing impulse from affecting their decision-making.

他們喜歡花時間考慮以防做出衝動的決定。

2. Introverts react quickly to new information, but are slow to monitor change.

第二，內向的人對於新的資訊反應很快但是對於改變就會恐慌。

Introverts' brains become more excited when they analyze what steps they must take in the future.

內向的人在分析未來的下一步走向時會感到開心。

But hesitate when they need to prepare for action.

但準備行動時又會感到猶豫。

Whereas extroverts need to minimize the thoughts in their heads to make a decision, but act quickly afterwards.

相反的，外向的人在做決定前並不會想太多然後會馬上行動。

3. Introverts dread small talk.

第三內向的人不喜歡寒暄。

Introverts might seem disinterested in other people because they dislike small talk.

內向的人可能看起來有點冷漠因為他們不喜歡寒暄。

However, they only dislike it because it creates barriers between them and others.

然而他們之所以不喜歡寒暄是因為他們在自己和別人之間築了一道牆。

Instead, introverts want to feel authentically connected.

內向的人想要有真正的連結。

So they crave deep meaningful conversations that help lower social walls.

所以他們渴望用有意義的談話來排除社交障礙。

4. Introverts need alone time.

第四，內向的人需要獨處。

This is because introverts respond differently to rewards—such as food, money, sex, and social status—than extroverts do.

這是因為相較於外向的人，內向的人對於食物、金錢、性和社會地位有不一樣的解讀。

Although they do care about eating, income, and relationships.

即使他們在乎吃、收入和情感。

They're less driven about and experience less enthusiasm for the possibilities of them.

但是他們比較不會熱切去追求這些東西。

Extroverts, in contrast, are more excited to work for those rewards, which is why they're so prone to instant gratification more often than introverts.

相反的，外向的人則會比較積極追求，這也是為什麼比起內向的人，外向的人更容易馬上得到滿足。

5. Introverts are more careful and calculated about what risks to take.

第五，內向的人更謹慎且會計算所要承擔的風險。

This is due to a difference in dopamine activity between introverts' and extroverts' brains.

這是由於內向的人和外向的人腦中多巴胺活性的不同。

Dopamine is a neurotransmitter associated with sensation-seeking, risks, and new adventures.

多巴胺是一種用來幫助細胞傳送脈衝的化學物質，為神經傳導物質的一種。

Both introverts and extroverts have the same amount of it.

內向的人和外向的人對於風險和冒險的認知是一樣的。

But introverts' brains are less active in the region that generates dopamine.

但是內向的人腦中生成多巴胺的區域比較不活躍。

6. Introverts are deep thinkers.

第六，內向的人是思想家。

Since introverts use less activity from dopamine, they rely more on a neurotransmitter called acetylcholine.

內向的人多巴胺活性比較低，但對於另一個神經傳導物質——乙酰膽鹼活性則較高。

Like dopamine, it's linked to pleasure, but the pleasure is produced from turning inwards.

乙酰膽鹼和多巴胺一樣是連結到快樂，但這個快樂是表現在心裡。

This allows introverts to reflect deeply and stay focused on a single task for an extended period of time.

這讓內向的人能更長時間的專注在一個目標。

Acetylcholine also influences them to prefer calm quiet settings over loud crowded places.

乙酰膽鹼也影響他們更喜歡平靜、安靜的場合而非吵雜壅擠的地方。

7. Introverts are more creative.

第七，內向的人更創新。

Introverts need solitude to recharge, but it's also within solitude where they find creativity.

內向的人需要獨處讓他們充電，但也是獨處讓他們找到創新。

Most artists and writers who identify as introverts produce their best work when they're by themselves as opposed to in group settings.

大部分內向的藝術家和作家所創作出最棒的作品都是在他們獨處的時候完成的。

Additionally, people in general feel less self-conscious when they're alone.

而且一般人在獨處時都會感覺比較自在。

So being in solitude helps introverts feel safe to take risks that allow their creative juices to flow.

所以獨處能讓內向的人放心的盡情發揮創造力。

8. Introverts like the rain.

第八，內向的人喜歡雨天。

Rain creates white noise that attracts introverts because it signals opportunities for solitude.

內向的人喜歡下雨的聲音這讓他們有機會好好的獨處。

They find the calming effect pleasurable since it allows them to escape within themselves for the time being.

能夠短暫逃離到自己的世界讓他們感到特別的平靜。

Rain helps lower expectations for the day as well, and isn't as overstimulating as the sun.

下雨天能做的事情比較少而且雨也不像陽光那麼刺眼。

9. Pretending to be extroverted can have a negative effect on an introverts' performance.

第九，內向的人假裝外向反而會有反效果。

The time introverts spend on pretending to be people they're not, disrupts their usual level of performance.

內向的人要假裝成一個不是自己的樣子所花的精力反而破壞了他們平常會有的表現。

It's important to realize and acknowledge this, since the world is so used to trying to mould introverts into extroverts.

了解並認知到這一點非常重要尤其是人們總是習慣性的給「內向」和「外向」的人框架。

10. Introverts might not prioritize happiness.

第十，內向的人可能不會把快樂擺第一。

Although we live in a culture that emphasizes happiness, introverts actually prefer to maintain a neutral emotional state when presented with tasks.

縱使我們身處的社會常強調快樂，內向的人在面對人生課題時其實比較喜歡保持平和的情緒。

Such as taking a test, giving a speech or thinking rationally.

例如參加考試、演講或理性的思考。

This is because happiness, an arousing emotion, may distract them from completing their tasks efficiently.

這是因為快樂和其他情緒會使的他們分心而無法有效率的完成他們的目標。

Extroverts, on the other hand, prefer happiness, because it acts as a motivator.

另一方面，外向的人偏好快樂因為這讓他們感覺很有動力。

Are you an introvert? If so, do you find any of these facts relevant? Feel free to share in the comments below.

你是個內向的人嗎？如果是，以上十點特徵是否有相符呢?如果你喜歡這個影片歡迎在下方留言。

If you enjoyed this video, be sure to check out our website and other social media as well as our new Patreon account for more content.

如果你喜歡這部影片，請一定要造訪我們的網站和其他社群，和我們新的 Patreon 帳號來看更多的內容。

And don't forget to subscribe.

別忘了訂閱。

Thanks for watching.

感謝收看。