Social introversion is what's commonly accepted and understood as the stereotypical definition of introversion.

社交內向型是人們對內向普遍理解和接受的刻板定義。

Social introverts prefer solitude or small groups of people over large gatherings.

社交內向型的人喜歡獨處或偏愛小聚會勝過大型聚會。

They'd rather stay home with a book or laptop or hang out with close friends, than go to parties with many unfamiliar faces.

比起參加有一堆陌生人的派對，他們寧願在家看書、打電腦或跟很熟的朋友待在一起。

Social introversion is different, however, from shyness, because there's no anxiety attached to their need for solitude.

然而，社交內向與害羞是兩回事，因內向者喜歡獨處的原因並非源於焦慮。

Thinking introversion is a newer concept.

思考內向型則是一個較新的概念。

Thinking introverts are introspective, thoughtful, and self reflective.

思考內向型的人善於自省、思考和反思。

Unlike social introverts, they don't feel a need to avoid large social scenes.

與社交內向型者的不同之處在於，他們覺得沒必要避開大型社交場合。

Instead, they like to daydream using their rich imaginations and creative capacities.

反之，他們喜歡用豐富的想像力和創造力做白日夢。

Anxious introverts, on the other hand, seek time alone because they feel awkward and self-conscious.

另一方面，焦慮內向型的人尋求獨處的時間，因為他們感到尷尬和不自在。

Unlike social introverts, they experience painful shyness around new people.

與社交內向型者的不同之處在於，他們在陌生人面前會感到害羞不適。

And the anxiety doesn't necessarily go away when they're alone, because they let situations play over and over in their heads, contemplating what might have gone wrong.

這種焦慮感不一定會隨著獨處消失，因為他們會在腦中反覆思考發生的糗事。

Lastly, restrained introverts function on a slower pace and prefer to think before they speak or act.

最後，抗拒內向型的人步調比較緩慢，而且喜歡仔細思考後再說話或行動。

They're also known for being reserved.

他們也以含蓄矜持著稱。

They like to take their time, preventing impulse from affecting their decision-making.

他們喜歡花時間考慮，避免做出衝動的決定。

2. Introverts react quickly to new information, but are slow to monitor change.

2. 內向的人對於新的資訊反應很快，但是對於改變，反應則較遲鈍。

Introverts' brains become more excited when they analyze what steps they must take in the future,

內向者的大腦在分析未來規劃時會感到興奮，

but hesitate when they need to prepare for action.

但準備採取行動時，又會有所猶豫。

Whereas extroverts need to minimize the thoughts in their heads to make a decision, but act quickly afterward.

相反的，外向的人在做決定前並不會想太多，且會馬上採取行動。

3. Introverts dread small talk.

3. 內向的人不喜歡寒暄閒聊。

Introverts might seem disinterested in other people because they dislike small talk.

內向的人可能看起來有點冷漠，因為他們不喜歡寒暄。

However, they only dislike it because it creates barriers between them and others.

然而，他們不喜歡寒暄是因為它阻礙了自己和別人的真實交流。

Instead, introverts want to feel authentically connected.

相反的，內向的人想要的是真正的交流。

So they crave deep meaningful conversations that help lower social walls.

所以他們渴望用有意義的談話來排除社交障礙。

4. Introverts need alone time.

4. 內向的人需要獨處的時間。

This is because introverts respond differently to rewards—such as food, money, sex, and social status—than extroverts do.

這是因為相較於外向的人，內向的人對於食物、金錢、性和社會地位有不一樣的反應。

Although they do care about eating, income, and relationships,

他們也在乎吃、收入和人際關係，

they're less driven about and experience less enthusiasm for the possibilities of them.

但是他們比較不會熱切的去追求這些東西。

Extroverts, in contrast, are more excited to work for those rewards, which is why they're so prone to instant gratification more often than introverts.

相反的，外向的人會比較積極地追求這些獎勵，所以他們比內向的人更容易得到滿足。

5. Introverts are more careful and calculated about what risks to take.

5. 內向的人更小心謹慎地考慮需要承擔的風險。

This is due to a difference in dopamine activity between introverts' and extroverts' brains.

這是由於內向和外向者腦中的多巴胺活性不同。

Dopamine is a neurotransmitter associated with sensation-seeking, risks, and new adventures.

多巴胺是與感覺、風險和新冒險相關的神經傳導物質。

Both introverts and extroverts have the same amount of it.

內外向的人擁有相同的多巴胺量。

But introverts' brains are less active in the region that generates dopamine.

但是內向者大腦產生多巴胺的區域較不活躍。

6. Introverts are deep thinkers.

6. 內向的人是思想家。

Since introverts use less activity from dopamine, they rely more on a neurotransmitter called acetylcholine.

由於內向的人較少使用多巴胺，他們較依賴一種叫乙酰膽鹼的神經傳導物質。

Like dopamine, it's linked to pleasure, but the pleasure is produced from turning inwards.

乙酰膽鹼和多巴胺一樣與愉悅有關，但這個快樂表現在心裡。

This allows introverts to reflect deeply and stay focused on a single task for an extended period of time.

這讓內向的人能更深入思考，並長時間專注於一個目標。

Acetylcholine also influences them to prefer calm quiet settings over loud crowded places.

乙酰膽鹼也使他們更喜歡平靜、安靜的場合，而非吵雜擁擠的地方。

7. Introverts are more creative.

7. 內向的人更有創造力。

Introverts need solitude to recharge, but it's also within solitude where they find creativity.

內向的人需要靠獨處來充電，但也是在獨處的時候，他們發現了創造力。

Most artists and writers who identify as introverts produce their best work when they're by themselves as opposed to in group settings.

大部分內向的藝術家和作家都是在獨處而非群聚時，創造出一生最棒的作品。

Additionally, people in general feel less self-conscious when they're alone.

此外，一般人獨處時都會比較自在。

So being in solitude helps introverts feel safe to take risks that allow their creative juices to flow.

所以獨處能讓內向的人放心地盡情發揮創造力。

8. Introverts like the rain.

8. 內向的人喜歡雨天。

Rain creates white noise that attracts introverts because it signals opportunities for solitude.

內向的人喜歡下雨的聲音，因為這表示他們有機會獨處。

They find the calming effect pleasurable since it allows them to escape within themselves for the time being.

能夠短暫躲在自己的世界裡，使他們感到特別地平靜。

Rain helps lower expectations for the day as well, and isn't as overstimulating as the sun.

下雨天會降低人們的期望值，而且它不像陽光那麼刺眼。

9. Pretending to be extroverted can have a negative effect on an introvert's performance.

9. 內向的人假裝外向反而會有反效果。

The time introverts spend on pretending to be people they're not, disrupts their usual level of performance.

內向的人要假裝成不是自己的樣子，所花的精力會破壞他們平常的表現水準。

It's important to realize and acknowledge this, since the world is so used to trying to mould introverts into extroverts.

了解並承認這一點非常重要，因為這個世界習慣將內向的人塑造成外向的人。

10. Introverts might not prioritize happiness.

10. 內向的人可能不會把快樂擺在首位。

Although we live in a culture that emphasizes happiness, introverts actually prefer to maintain a neutral emotional state when presented with tasks.

儘管我們活在強調快樂的社會中，內向者在面對人生課題時，其實比較喜歡保持平和的情緒。

Such as taking a test, giving a speech or thinking rationally.

例如：考試、演講或理性思考。

This is because happiness, an arousing emotion, may distract them from completing their tasks efficiently.

因為快樂和其他情緒可能會使他們分心，而無法有效率地完成他們的目標。

Extroverts, on the other hand, prefer happiness, because it acts as a motivator.

而外向的人卻偏好快樂，因為快樂是一種動力。

Are you an introvert? If so, do you find any of these facts relevant? Feel free to share in the comments below.

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