unpleasant is one of the most challenging aspects of any life. However, the impact of

criticism is hugely variable – and depends ultimately on a rather unexpected detail:

what sort of childhood we have had. The clue to whether criticism will be experienced as

merely unpleasant or wholly catastrophic lies in what happened to us many decades ago in

the hands of our earliest caregivers. What is meant by a 'bad childhood' is here

a matter, rather simply, of love. An infant arrives in the world with a very limited capacity

to endure their own being. It is the tolerance, enthusiasm and forgiveness of another person

that gradually acclimatises us to existence. Our caregivers' characteristic way of looking

at us becomes the way we consider ourselves. It is by being loved by another that we acquire

the art of looking sympathetically on our cracked and troublesome beings. It is simply

not in our remit to believe in ourselves on our own. We are utterly reliant on an inner

sense of having been valued inordinately by another person at the start as a protection

against the subsequent neglect of the world. We don't need to be loved by many, one will

do, and twelve years might be enough, sixteen ideally, but without it the eternal admiration

of millions won't ever be able to convince us of our goodness. And with such a love,

the scorn of millions won't ever need to be fatal. Bad childhoods have an unfortunate

tendency to drive us to seek out situations in which there is a theoretical possibility

of receiving outsized approval – which also means, along the way, a high risk of encountering

outsized disapproval. The emotionally deprived return, almost manically to the question,

never really settled of: 'Do I deserve to exist?' And this is why they typically put

unusual effort into attempts to be famous and visibly successful. But of course the

world at large will never give the emotionally nervous the unqualified confirmation they

seek; there will always be dissenters and critics, people too bashed about by their

own past to be able to be kind to others, and it is to these voices that those with

bad childhoods will be attuned, however enthusiastic the crowd might be. We can observe, along

the way, that the chief marker of being a good parent is that one's child simply has

zero interest in being liked by large numbers of strangers. We do not all hear the same

thing when we are criticised. Some of us, the lucky ones, hear just the surface message

from the here and now: that our work fell short of expectations, that we must try harder

with our assignments, that our book, film or song wasn't excellent. This can be bearable.

But the more wounded among us hear far more. Criticism takes them straight back to the

primordial injury. An attack now becomes entwined with the attacks of the past and grows enormous

and unmanageable in its intensity. The boss or unfriendly colleague becomes the parent

who let us down. Everything is pulled into question. Not only was the work subpar, we

are a wretch, an undeserved being, a piece of excrement, the worst person in the world,

for that is how it felt, back then, in the fragile, defenceless infant mind. Knowing

more about our tricky childhoods provides us with a vital line of defence against the

effects of criticism. It means that we can be on our guard, when we are attacked, against

raising the stakes unnecessarily. We can learn to separate out the verdict of today from

the emotional verdict we are carrying around with us and always seeking to confirm with

the use of current events. We can learn that, however sad the attacks we are facing, they

are as nothing next to the real tragedy and the effective cause of our sadness: that things

went wrong back then. And so we can direct our attention to where it really belongs;

away from today's critics and towards the unconvinced parent of yesteryear. We can forgive

ourselves for being, in this area, through no fault of our own, fatefully sensitive – and,

in essence, mentally unwell. We cannot stop the attacks of the world, but we can – through

an exploration of our histories – change what they mean to us. We can also, importantly,

get a second chance: we can go back and correct the original verdict of the world. We can

take measures to expose ourselves to the gaze of friends or, more ideally, of a talented

therapist who can hold up a more benign mirror and teach us a lesson that should have been

gifted us from the start; that like every human, whatever our flaws, we deserve to be here.

At The School of Life we believe that confidence is a skill we can learn.

Our confidence prompt cards are designed to help us master this mysterious art. Click now to learn more.