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  • In this American English pronunciation video, we're going to study American English by looking

  • at a short text. Topic: evening plans.

  • I call this a Ben Franklin exercise. This is when you take very good notes, very detailed

  • notes, on what you're hearing. And then go back and try to record yourself based on what

  • you've written down, the notes. Did you write down a Flap T, or the way two words link together?

  • After you've recorded yourself, compare it to the original. Did you do everything that

  • you wanted to do? In this video, we're going to take notes together.

  • Tonight I'm meeting up with some friends in the West Village for pizza. We may stay in

  • the West Village afterwards, or we may hop on our bikes and go up to UCB for a comedy

  • show.

  • One of the first things that I notice is that I've made this a Stop T instead of a Flap T.

  • >> Tonight I'm meeting up with some friends >> Tonight [3x]

  • Often, when the T comes between vowels or diphthongs, in this case we have the AI as

  • in BUY diphthong for 'tonight', and the AI as in BUY diphthong for 'I', we would make

  • that a Flap T to connect. But I made this a stop T, so there was a little break in the

  • line. Tonight I'm meeting, tonight, tonight.

  • >> Tonight I'm meeting up with some friends >> Tonight [3x]

  • I also notice that I've made this O a schwa: to-, to-, to-, tonight. This T, on the other

  • hand, was a Flap T, meeting up, meeting up. I did not release the P here, so that's a

  • stop consonant. Up, Up. My lips came together to make the P. But rather than releasing them,

  • up, I went right into the next word, with. Meeting up with some friends. I'm noticing,

  • sort of to my surprise, that I also dropped the TH. With some friends, with some friends.

  • >> ...up with some friends [3x]

  • So, I took this function word, which will not be stressed (it is less important in the

  • sentence), and I dropped the final sound. With some, with some, with some, with some

  • friends in the West Village for pizza. It's very obvious to me there what the most stressed

  • words are.

  • >> In the West Village for pizza. [3x]

  • Let's start with the first four words: in the West Village. 'In the' was very quick.

  • In the [6x]. 'West' and 'Village' both had more time. West, Village. In the West Village.

  • So even though 'in the' is two words, it was probably faster than the single word 'West'.

  • In the West, in the West Village.

  • >> In the West Village. [3x]

  • And the final two words, 'for pizza'. For pizza. I definitely hear the first syllable

  • of 'pizza' as being stressed. The word 'for' was reduced, it had the schwa, for [4x], for

  • pizza, for pizza.

  • >> ...for pizza. [3x] >> In the West Village for pizza.

  • We may stay in the West Village afterwards: which syllable was the most stressed?

  • >> We may stay in the West Village afterwards [3x]

  • I definitely heard 'stay' as being the most stressed. That's our verb. That's a content

  • word, which will usually be stressed in a sentence. Again 'in the' was very quick. 'West'

  • and 'Village' were both stressed, as was 'afterwards', but they had less curve to the voice. They

  • were less stressed to me than the word 'stay', which was louder. We may stay in the West

  • Village afterwards. I notice that I did not reduce the word 'or'. That's one word that

  • can reduce to 'er': or we may. But here I said 'or we may, or we may'. I did not reduce

  • the vowel.

  • >> Or we may hop on our bikes [3x]

  • We may hop on our bikes. What do you think is the loudest, most stressed word in that

  • sentence fragment?

  • >> We may hop on our bikes [3x]

  • I hear 'hop', again, the verb.

  • >> We may hop on our bikes and go up to UCB.

  • And go up to UCB. I definitely reduced the word 'and' here,

  • by dropping the D, and go up to UCB.

  • >> And go up [3x].

  • Again here, the word 'up': I did not release the P sound, I made that a stop. Up to, up

  • to. Again, a reduction I did not do. The word 'to' usually has the schwa sound in it. And

  • instead, I left in the vowel 'oo'. To, to. I usually reduce the word 'to' in conversation.

  • To [3x]. I did not do it here because I was talking into the camera, and I've noticed

  • that I do use fewer reductions when I'm recording than I do in normal conversation.

  • >> to UCB for a comedy show. [3x]

  • For a comedy show. I most definitely reduced this vowel to the schwa. For [3x], for a,

  • for a. So I also connected that word, very much so, to the article 'a', which is also

  • pronounced as the schwa. For a [4x]. For a comedy show.

  • >> for a [3x] comedy show. For a comedy show.

  • Let's test your listening skills for stress. The word 'comedy' is a three-syllable word.

  • Which did you hear as being the most stressed?

  • >> comedy [3x]

  • It's the first syllable. So, the last two syllables are lower in pitch and flatter,

  • also maybe a little quieter than the stressed syllable. -medy [4x], co - medy [2x]. Comedy

  • show.

  • I hope this has given you some ideas on how to take notes and study the speech of native

  • speakers. Do this on your own. Take video and audio clips that interest you, or that

  • have topics that are important to your field of work. After you take good notes, record

  • the text yourself and compare to the original recording. What do you still need to work

  • on, or what did you do well? This is a great way to improve your pronunciation.

  • Just a few lines of text, but there's a lot to study about pronunciation. These were my

  • plans for tonight. What are you plans tonight? Let me know by making a video and posting

  • it as a video response to this video on YouTube. I can't wait to hear about your plans.

  • That's it, and thanks so much for using Rachel's English.

In this American English pronunciation video, we're going to study American English by looking

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發音學習練習。晚間計劃 - 美國英語 (Pronunciation Study Exercise: Evening Plans - American English)

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    張鴻 發佈於 2021 年 01 月 14 日
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