Name: 【TED】Giulia Enders:你的腸胃令人驚訝的魅力科學 (The surprisingly charming science of your gut | Giulia Enders) (【TED】Giulia Enders: The surprisingly charming science of your gut (The surprisingly charming science of your gut | Giulia Enders))
Uploaded: 2021-01-14T07:30:41.000Z
Duration: 14 min 4 s

情態副詞

like teas with aunts and uncles or something like this.

比如和姑姑叔叔喝茶之類的場合。

and they ask you, "So, what are you doing?"

And I would have this magical one-word reply,

而我會以一個魔法般的詞來回應，

Very easy, that's it, everybody's happy and pleased.

非常簡單，就這樣， 大家都開心愉快。

but this effect really only lasts for 30 seconds with me,

because that's then the time when one of them would ask,

但這個效應對我來說 只會持續三十秒，

因為時間一到，就會有個人發問：

And then I would have to strip down in all honesty and just say,

and now it's basically the whole intestinal tract."

And this would be the moment when the enthusiasm trickled,

and it would maybe also get, like, awkwardly silent in the room,

就在這個時刻， 熱情就開始變得稀落了，

也可能會在房間中出現尷尬的沉默，

because I do believe our bowels are quite charming.

因為我真心覺得 我們的腸子相當迷人。

And while we're in a time where many people are thinking about

雖然在這個時代，許多人會去想

要做什麼冰沙超級食物 (superfood) ，

actually, hardly anyone seems to care about the organ where this happens,

the concrete anatomy and the mechanisms behind it.

但事實上，似乎很少有人會在乎 承擔這些活動的身體器官、

具體的解剖學以及其背後的機制。

like we're all trying to figure out this magic trick,

就像我們都在試著看穿 這個魔術把戲，

there are reasons science disliked the gut for a long time;

科學界長期以來 不喜歡腸道的原因很多，

差不多是皮膚表面積的四十倍。

there are so many immune cells that are being trained there.

We have 100 trillion bacteria doing all sorts of things --

有非常多的免疫細胞在那裡受訓。

有一百兆個細菌在做各種事情，

Then there's about 20 different hormones,

so we are on a very different level than our genitals, for example.

還有大約二十種不同的賀爾蒙，

And the nervous system of our gut is so complex

所以，例如和生殖器相比， 它又是很不一樣的層級。

it's independent enough that when we poke it,

But at least those reasons are also the reasons why it's so fascinating

它為什麼如此迷人且重要的原因。

So today, I invite you to follow me on those three steps.

我花了三個步驟，來愛上腸子。

今天，我邀請各位跟著我 一起經歷這三個步驟。

and asking questions like, "How does it work?"

and "Why does it have to look so weird for that sometimes?"

然後問像這樣的問題： 「它如何運作？」

And it actually wasn't me asking the first kind of these questions,

及「為什麼它得長得如此怪異？」

其實並不是我自己 問前面第一種問題，

and he said, "Giulia, you study medicine. How does pooping work?"

他說：「茱莉亞，你讀的是醫學。 拉屎是怎麼運作的？」

And I did study medicine but I had no idea,

so I had to go up to my room and look it up in different books.

我的確讀醫學，但我不知道答案，

And I found something interesting, I thought, at that time.

So it turns out, we don't only have this outer sphincter,

在那時我認為自己 發現了很有趣的東西。

結果是，我們不只有這個外括約肌，

The outer sphincter we all know, we can control it,

我們都知道外括約肌， 我們可以控制它，

they're being delivered to the inner one first.

and let through a little bit for testing.

讓一點點殘餘物通過，做測試用。

that will analyze what has been delivered: Is it gaseous or is it solid?

And they will then send this information up to our brain,

分析被運送來的是氣體還是固體？

and this is the moment when our brain knows,

The brain will then do what it's designed to do

頭腦接著就會用它不可思議的意識，

and you know you can pull it off silently.

也許可以，如果你的座位是在邊沿，

且你知道你可以安靜地釋放的話。

【TED】Giulia Enders:你的腸胃令人驚訝的魅力科學 (The surprisingly charming science of your gut | Giulia Enders) (【TED】Giulia Enders: The surprisingly charming science of your gut (The surprisingly charming science of your gut | Giulia Enders))

字幕列表影片播放

【TED】Giulia Enders:你的腸胃令人驚訝的魅力科學 (The surprisingly charming science of your gut | Giulia Enders) (【TED】Giulia Enders: The surprisingly charming science of your gut (The surprisingly charming science of your gut | Giulia Enders))

perspective

weird

immune

appreciate