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  • Now, on nova,

    現在 和NOVA一起

  • Take a thrill ride into a world stranger than science fiction

    踏上比科幻世界更為奇妙的驚險旅程

  • Where you play the game,

    在這裡 你可以享受

  • By breaking some rules,

    顛覆規則的樂趣

  • Where a new view of the universe,

    在這裡 一種新的宇宙視角

  • Pushes you beyond the limits of your wildest imagination.

    將使你超越想像力的極限

  • This is the world of string theory,

    這就是弦理論的世界

  • A way of describing every force and all matter

    一種描述所有的力與物質的理論

  • From an atom to earth,

    從原子到地球

  • To the end of the galaxies

    再到無盡的星空彼端

  • From the birth of time to its final tick

    從時間的初始到最後一聲滴答

  • In a single theory,

    世間萬物

  • A theory of everything.

    盡歸此理

  • Our guide to this brave new world is Brian Greene,

    這次美麗新世界之旅的導遊是布萊恩·格林

  • The bestselling author and physicist.

    暢銷書作家和物理學家

  • And no matter how many times I come here,

    不論我多少次進入這裡

  • I never seem to get used to it.

    我似乎總是無法熟悉它

  • Can he help us solve the greatest puzzle of modern physics

    他能幫助我們解答現代物理中的最大難題嗎

  • That our understanding of the universe

    我們對宇宙的所有認識

  • Is based on two sets of laws,

    是建立在兩套基礎理論之上的

  • That don't agree?

    它們矛盾嗎

  • Resolving that contradiction eluded even Einstein,

    為了解決愛因斯坦提出 卻連自己也無法自圓其說的

  • Who made it his final quest.

    終極矛盾

  • After decades,

    數個世紀過去

  • We may finally be on the verge of a breakthrough.

    我們也許離答案僅有一步之遙

  • The solution is strings,

    那就是弦

  • Tiny bits of energy vibrating like the strings on a cello,

    微小的帶能振動細絲如同演奏中大提琴上的弦

  • A cosmic symphony at the heart of all reality.

    吟唱出現實世界裡的萬事萬物

  • But it comes at a price

    隨之帶給我們

  • Parallel universes and 11 dimensions,

    多數人從未瞭解過的

  • Most of which you've never seen.

    平行宇宙和11維空間

  • We really may live in a universe

    我們也許真的生活在

  • With more dimensions than meet the eye.

    一個比我們肉眼能觀察到的維度更多的世界中

  • People who have said that

    那些認為

  • There were extra dimensions of space

    空間可能存在額外的維度的人

  • Have been labeled crackpots,

    往往被貼上想入非非

  • Or people who are bananas.

    或者白日做夢的標籤

  • A mirage of science and mathematics

    這是科學和數學研究的空想

  • Or the ultimate theory of everything?

    還是涵蓋萬物的終極理論

  • If string theory fails to provide a testable prediction,

    如果無法對弦理論進行實驗性論證

  • Then nobody should believe it.

    那麼很難被人接受

  • Is that a theory of physics, or a philosophy?

    這是物理理論 還是哲學理論

  • One thing that is certain

    可以確定的是

  • Is that string theory is already showing us that

    弦理論給我們展示出

  • The universe may be a lot stranger

    宇宙也許比任何人的想像

  • Than any of us ever imagined.

    更為陌生

  • Coming up tonight...

    就在今晚

  • It all started with an apple.

    一切從一個蘋果開始

  • The triumph of Newton』s equations

    牛頓定理的偉大勝利

  • Come from the quest to understand the planets and the stars.

    源自人們對天體運動的研究需求

  • And we've come a long way since.

    自那之後又經歷了許久

  • Einstein gave the world a new picture for

    愛因斯坦向世界描繪了一幅

  • What the force of gravity actually is.

    引力究竟為何物的新圖景

  • Where he left off,

    如今 他已優雅地謝幕

  • String theorists now dare to go.

    該弦理論家們上場了

  • But how close are they to fulfilling Einstein』s dream?

    但他們能在何種程度上 滿足愛因斯坦的夢想呢

  • Watch the elegant universe right now.

    現在 一起來看看這優雅的宇宙吧

  • Fifty years ago,

    第一部 愛因斯坦之夢

  • This house was the scene

    50年前

  • Of one of the greatest mysteries of modern science,

    這幢房子見證了

  • A mystery so profound that today

    現代物理中最偉大的未解之謎之一

  • Thousands of scientists on the cutting edge of physics

    時至今日 它依然艱深無比

  • Are still trying to solve it.

    無數位於物理學前沿的科學家們

  • Albert Einstein spent his last two decades

    仍在試圖解決它

  • In this modest home in Princeton, new jersey.

    阿爾伯特·愛因斯坦生命中的最後20年

  • And in his second floor study

    就是在新澤西普林斯頓的這座樸素的小家中度過

  • Einstein relentlessly sought a single theory so powerful

    而就在二樓的書房中

  • It would describe all the workings of the universe.

    愛因斯坦不屈不撓的尋找著一個強大到

  • Even as he neared the end of his life

    能夠包羅所有宇宙運動的理論

  • Einstein kept a notepad close at hand,

    即使在他生命的最後時光裡

  • Furiously trying to come up with the equations

    手邊也常放著一個記事本

  • For what would come to be known

    努力地試圖通過各種各樣的公式

  • As the "theory of everything."

    尋找出所謂的

  • Convinced he was on the verge of the most important discovery

    "萬物至理"

  • In the history of science,

    愛因斯坦對自己正處在物理學歷史上最重要發現的邊緣

  • Einstein ran out of time, his dream unfulfilled.

    深信不疑

  • Now, almost a half century later,

    然而他卻溘然長逝 遺恨空餘

  • Einstein』s goal of unification

    現在 幾乎半個世紀過去

  • Combining all the laws of the universe in one,

    愛因斯坦的統一目標

  • All-encompassing theory

    將所有宇宙間的規則歸於一種

  • Has become the holy grail of modern physics.

    包羅萬象的理論

  • And we think we may at last achieve Einstein』s dream

    已成為現代物理學研究中的皇冠

  • With a new and radical set of ideas called "string theory."

    而我們認為 也許通過一套徹底的嶄新的"弦"理論

  • But if this revolutionary theory is right,

    我們將實現愛因斯坦的夢想

  • We're in for quite a shock.

    但如果這種革命性的理論是正確的

  • String theory says we may be living in a universe

    我們將震驚不已

  • Where reality meets science fiction

    弦理論認為我們生活的宇宙

  • A universe of eleven dimensions

    是現實和科幻交織而成

  • With parallel universes right next door

    這是個11維的宇宙

  • An elegant universe composed entirely of the music of strings.

    而平行的世界觸手可及

  • But for all its ambition,

    一個完全由美妙的弦奏響的優雅的宇宙

  • The basic idea of string theory is surprisingly simple.

    不論它如何野心勃勃

  • It says that everything in the universe,

    弦理論的基本理念簡單得出奇

  • From the tiniest particle to the most distant star

    它認為宇宙萬物

  • Is made from one kind of ingredient

    不論是最微小的粒子還是最遙遠的星球

  • Unimaginably small vibrating strands of energy called strings.

    都是由同一種元素組成

  • Just as the strings of a cello

    一種小到無法想像的帶能振動細絲 也叫做弦

  • Can give rise to a rich variety of musical notes,

    就如大提琴上的弦一樣

  • The tiny strings in string theory

    可以奏出大量不同的音符

  • Vibrate in a multitude of different ways

    在弦理論中 這種微小的弦

  • Making up all the constituents of nature.

    以大量的不同方式振動著

  • In other words,

    從而組成了自然界的萬事萬物

  • The universe is like a grand cosmic symphony

    換句話說

  • Resonating with all the various notes

    整個世界就如同一支浩大無匹的宇宙交響曲

  • These tiny vibrating strands of energy can play.

    在一切這種細小能量絲振動發出的各種音符中

  • String theory is still in its infancy,

    轟然奏響

  • But it's already revealing

    弦理論尚在萌芽期

  • A radically new picture of the universe,

    但它已經為我們

  • One that is both strange and beautiful.

    展現了一幅徹底嶄新的宇宙圖景

  • But what makes us think we can understand

    完全陌生 卻又美麗無比

  • All the complexity of the universe,

    但又憑什麼相信我們可以

  • Let alone reduce it to a single "theory of everything?"

    將包羅萬象的宇宙化繁為簡

  • We have r mu nu,

    用一個單獨的"萬物至理"來概括呢

  • Minus a half g mu nu r—

    我們用Rμν

  • You remember how this goes

    減去GμνR/2

  • Equals eight pi g t mu nu...

    你們還記得這個吧

  • Comes from varying the Einstein Hilbert action,

    等於8πGTμν

  • And we get the field equations and this term.

    這是從愛因斯坦公式變形導出的

  • You remember what this is called?

    我們得到這個場方程 而這個變量

  • No that's the scalar curvature.

    你還記得它叫做什麼吧

  • This is the Ricci tensor.

    不 這就叫做標量曲率

  • Have you been studying this at all?

    這也就是裡奇張量

  • No matter how hard you try,

    你完全沒學過嗎

  • You can't teach physics to a dog.

    不管你如何絞盡腦汁

  • Their brains just aren't wired to grasp it.

    你也沒法教一條狗學會物理

  • But what about us?

    它們的腦子裡根本沒這個概念

  • How do we know that we're wired to

    而我們呢

  • Comprehend the deepest laws of the universe?

    我們又如何得知自己可以

  • Well, physicists today are confident that we are,

    理解宇宙最深奧的法則呢

  • And we're picking up where Einstein left off

    今天的物理科學家比我們可有信心多了

  • In his quest for unification.

    我們正在繼續著愛因斯坦在統一理論上

  • Unification would be

    未盡的事業

  • The formulation of a law that describes,

    統一論應該是

  • Perhaps, everything in the known universe from

    一種法則 可以公式化的表述

  • One single idea, one master equation.

    每個單獨理論 每個主方程

  • And we think that there might be this master equation,

    也許 乃至整個已知的宇宙

  • Because throughout the course of the last 200 years or so,

    我們認為可能確實存在這樣一個主方程

  • Our understanding of the universe

    因為經歷了過去200多年的歷程

  • Has given us a variety of explanations that are all pointing

    基於我們對宇宙的認知

  • Towards one spot.

    而得出各種各樣的解答都指向

  • They seem to all be converging

    同一點

  • On one nugget of an idea that we're still trying to find.

    它們似乎彙集

  • Unification is where it's at.

    在我們仍然苦苦追尋的這一點上

  • Unification is what we're trying to accomplish.

    統一就在此處

  • The whole aim of fundamental physics

    統一也是我們的使命

  • Is to see more and more of the world's phenomena

    基礎物理學的整個目標

  • In terms of fewer and fewer

    就是試圖將越來越多的世界表象

  • And simpler and simpler principles.

    歸結為越來越少

  • We feel, as physicists,

    越來越簡單的法則

  • That if we can explain

    作為物理學家 我們感到

  • A wide number of phenomena

    如果我們可以

  • In a very simple manner,

    把大量的表象

  • That that's somehow progress.

    用很簡單的方式來解釋

  • There is almost an emotional aspect

    那就是某種的進步

  • To the way in which the great theories in physics.

    這幾乎是所有偉大物理學理論

  • Sort of encompass

    所追求的一種殊途同歸

  • A wide variety of apparently different physical phenomena

    一種可以囊括

  • So this idea that

    大量不同類型物理現象的理論

  • We should be aiming to unify our understanding is inherent,

    所以這種

  • Essentially,

    統一我們所認知的一切的追求是與生俱來的

  • To the whole way in which this kind of science progresses.

    本質上

  • And long before Einstein,

    也是這種科學發展的必由之路

  • The quest for unification

    早在愛因斯坦之前

  • Began with the most famous accident

    對統一的追求

  • In the history of science.

    始於科學史上

  • As the story goes,

    一個著名的故事

  • One day in 1665,

    故事是這樣的

  • A young man was sitting under