and ended up somewhere in the east of the city

兩年前，我乘坐地鐵 從倫敦市中心出發，

walking into a self-storage unit

最後到了市東的某處，

to meet a guy that had 2,000 luxury polo shirts for sale.

走進一個迷你的自存倉庫，

And as I made my way down the corridor,

與一個有兩千件 高檔休閒衫要賣的人會面。

a broken, blinking light made it just like the cliche scene

當我沿著走廊走下去時，

from a gangster movie.

一盞壞掉閃個不停的燈

Our man was early, and he was waiting for me

讓這景象看來很像老套的黑幫電影。

in front of a unit secured with four padlocks down the side.

這個人早到了，他已經在等我，

On our opening exchange,

他背後的倉庫側邊用四個掛鎖鎖上。

it was like a verbal sparring match

我們一開始交易的狀況，

where he threw the first punches.

就像是口頭的練習賽，

Who was I? Did I have a business card?

他先出拳。

And where was I going to sell?

我是誰？有名片嗎？

And then, he just started opening up,

我打算去哪裡賣？

and it was my turn.

接著，他開始講他自己，

Where were the polo shirts coming from?

就輪到我了。

What paperwork did he have?

休閒衫從哪裡來的？

And when was his next shipment going to arrive?

他有什麼相關文件？

I was treading the fine line

他的下一批貨何時會到？

between asking enough questions to get what I needed

我拿捏得很精準，

and not enough for him to become suspicious,

問夠問題以得到我需要的資訊，

because what he didn't know is that I'm a counterfeit investigator,

同時又不能問太多以免他起疑，

(Laughter)

因為他不知道，我是仿冒品調查員，

and after 20 minutes or so of checking over the product

（笑聲）

for the telltale signs of counterfeit production --

檢查產品大約二十分鐘後，

say, badly stitched labels or how the packaging

看能不能抓到仿冒品的小辮子──

had a huge brand logo stamped all over the front of it --

比如縫得很差的標籤，

I was finally on my way out,

或是包裝的正面 滿滿是大型品牌商標──

but not before he insisted on walking down to the street with me

終於，我要離開了，

and back to the station.

但他先堅持要 陪我走到車站的那段路。

And the feeling after these meetings is always the same:

這類會面之後的感覺，總是相同的：

my heart is beating like a drum,

我的心跳像打鼓一樣快，

because you never know if they've actually bought your story,

因為你永遠不會知道 他們是否真的相信你的說法，

or they're going to start following you to see who you really are.

或是他們會開始跟蹤你， 看看你到底是誰。

Relief only comes when you turn the first corner

要等你轉過第一個轉角， 向後瞄一眼，

and glance behind, and they're not standing there.

沒看到他們，才會鬆一口氣。

But what our counterfeit polo shirt seller certainly didn't realize

但這位仿冒休閒衫的賣家肯定不知道

is that everything I'd seen and heard would result in a dawn raid on his house,

我剛剛看見、聽到的一切， 最後導致他的房子在凌晨被突襲，

him being woken out of bed by eight men on his doorstep

被站在他家門階上的八個人驚醒，

and all his product seized.

他所有的產品都被扣押。

But this would reveal that he was just a pawn

但會發現，他只是個小爪牙，

at the end of a counterfeiting network spanning three continents,

橫跨三個大陸的仿冒網路 最末端的小爪牙，

and he was just the first loose thread that I'd started to pull on

他只是我開始拉的第一個鬆脫線頭，

in the hope that it would all unravel.

希望一拉能破壞整個網路。

Why go through all that trouble?

為什麼要這麼麻煩？

Well, maybe counterfeiting is a victimless crime?

也許仿冒是一種沒有受害者的犯罪？

These big companies, they make enough money,

這些大公司，

so if anything,

它們賺夠錢了，

counterfeiting is just a free form of advertising, right?

如果有差的話，

And consumers believe just that --

仿冒只是一種 自由形式的廣告，對吧？

that the buying and selling of fakes is not that big a deal.

消費者相信

But I'm here to tell you that that is just not true.

購買和販售假貨沒什麼大不了的。

What the tourist on holiday doesn't see about those fake handbags

但我來這裡要告訴各位， 實情並非如此。

is they may well have been stitched together

渡假觀光客不知道背後那些

by a child who was trafficked away from her family,

負責縫製仿冒手提包的人，

and what the car repair shop owner doesn't realize

可能是被家庭非法賣掉的童工，

about those fake brake pads

而修車店老闆不知道，

is they may well be lining the pockets of an organized crime gang

那些仿冒剎車片的背後，

involved in drugs and prostitution.

是在幫有組織的犯罪集團斂財，

And while those two things are horrible to think about,

這集團可能會涉及毒品和賣淫。

it gets much worse,

雖然這兩件事想起來是蠻可怕的，

because counterfeiting is even funding terrorism.

還有更糟糕的，

Let that sink in for a moment.

因為賣仿冒品甚至會支助恐怖主義。

Terrorists are selling fakes to fund attacks,

稍微沉思一下這點。

attacks in our cities that try to make victims of all of us.

恐怖份子販售仿冒品 來為攻擊提供資金，

You wouldn't buy a live scorpion,

攻擊我們的城市， 讓我們所有人都變成受害者。

because there's a chance that it would sting you on the way home,

你不會去買一隻活的蠍子，

but would you still buy a fake handbag

因為有可能在回家路上你會被牠螫，

if you knew the profits would enable someone to buy bullets

但你仍然會買仿冒手提包嗎？

that would kill you and other innocent people six months later?

如果你知道從中獲益的人會去買子彈

Maybe not.

在六個月後殺害你和其他無辜的人？

OK, time to come clean.

也許不會買了。

In my youth --

好，是招供的時候了。

yeah, I might look like I'm still clinging on to it a bit --

在我年輕時──

I bought fake watches while on holiday in the Canary Islands.

是的，我可能現在 看起來都還算年輕──

But why do I tell you this?

我在加那利群島渡假時買過假錶。

Well, we've all done it,

但我為何要告訴你們？

or we know someone that's done it.

我們都做過這種事，

And until this very moment, maybe you didn't think twice about it,

或我們認識做過這種事的人。

and nor did I,

也許在這一刻之前， 你們買仿冒品都不會遲疑，

until I answered a 20-word cryptic advert

我以前也不會遲疑，

to become an intellectual property investigator.

直到我回應了一則二十個字的廣告，

It said "Full training given and some international travel."

變成了智慧財產調查員。

Within a week, I was creating my first of many aliases,

廣告寫著「提供完整的訓練 及一些國際旅程。」

and in the 10 years since, I've investigated fake car parts,

不到一週，我就在創造 我許多化名中的第一個了，

alloy wheels, fake pet grooming tools,

之後十年，我調查過仿冒汽車零件、

fake bicycle parts,

鋁合金輪圈、仿冒清潔工具、

and, of course, the counterfeiter's favorite,

仿冒自行車零件、

fake luxury leather goods, clothing and shoes.

當然，還有仿冒商的最愛，

And what I've learned in the 10 years of investigating fakes

仿冒的皮件奢侈品、衣服和鞋子。

is that once you start to scratch the surface,

在調查仿冒品的十年間，

you find that they are rotten to the core,

我學到一旦你開始抓破表面，

as are the people and organizations that are making money from them,

你就會發現裡面有爛掉的核心，

because they are profiting on a massive, massive scale.

也就是從中得利的人和組織，

You can only make around a hundred to 200 percent

因為他們非常大規模的獲益。

selling drugs on the street.

你大概只能賺一或兩倍，

You can make 2,000 percent selling fakes online

如果是在街頭販毒；

with little of the same risks or penalties.

但在網路上賣仿冒品可以賺到二十倍，

And this quick, easy money

風險或罰金卻少很多。

then goes on to fund the more serious types of crime,

這快速又好賺的錢，

and it pays the way to making these organizations,

接著會被用來資助更嚴重的犯罪，

these criminal organizations, look more legitimate.

用這些錢能讓這些組織，

So let me bring you in on a live case.

這些犯罪組織，看起來像合法的。

Earlier this year, a series of raids took place

讓我舉一個活生生的例子。

in one of my longest-running investigations.

今年稍早，發生了一系列的突襲，

Five warehouses were raided in Turkey,

這是我最漫長的調查之一。

and over two million finished counterfeit clothing products were seized,

土耳其有五間倉庫被突襲，

and it took 16 trucks to take that all away.

扣押了超過兩百萬件仿冒服裝成品，

But this gang had been clever.

用了十六台卡車才把它們全部運走。

They had gone to the lengths of creating their own fashion brands,

但這群歹徒很聰明。

complete with registered trademarks,

他們居然創造了自己的時尚品牌，

and even having photo shoots on yachts in Italy.

有完整的註冊商標，

And they would use these completely unheard-of and unsuspicious brand names

甚至還在義大利遊艇上拍攝照片。

as a way of shipping container loads of fakes

他們會用這些完全沒聽過、 不可疑的品牌名稱，

to shell companies that they'd set up across Europe.

來當作運送大量仿冒品的方式，

And documents found during those raids

來掩護他們設在全歐洲的空殼公司。

found that they'd been falsifying shipping documents

從那些突襲行動找到的文件，

so the customs officials would literally have no idea

發現他們一直在偽造運送的文件，

who had sent the products in the first place.

所以海關關員完全不會知道

When police got access to just one bank account,

這些產品到底是誰寄出的。

they found nearly three million euros

當警方查核其中一個銀行帳號時，

had been laundered out of Spain in less than two years,

他們找到了近三百萬歐元，

and just two days after those raids,

從西班牙完成洗錢用不到兩年；

that gang were trying to bribe a law firm to get their stock back.

在那些突襲的兩天後，

Even now, we have no idea where all that money went,

那幫歹徒嘗試賄賂一間 法律事務所來取回存貨。

to who it went to,

即使到現在，我們都還 不知道那些錢到哪裡去了，

but you can bet it's never going to benefit the likes of you or me.

到誰手上了，

But these aren't just low-level street thugs.

但可以打賭， 你我絕對不會是受益人。

They're business professionals, and they fly first class.

但這些人並不只是 低層級的街頭混混。

They trick legitimate businesses

他們是專職的企業家， 乘坐飛機的頭等艙。

with convincing fake invoices and paperwork,

他們欺騙合法的公司，

so everything just seems real,

用的是讓人信服的假發票和文件，

and then they set up eBay and Amazon accounts

一切看起來和真的一樣，

just to compete with the people they've already sold fakes to.

接著，他們在 eBay 和亞馬遜上設立帳號，

But this isn't just happening online.

和那些已購買他們仿冒品的人競爭。

For a few years, I also used to attend automotive trade shows

但這不只在網路上發生。

taking place in huge exhibition spaces,

有幾年的時間，我也會 去參加汽車零配件展，

but away from the Ferraris and the Bentleys and the flashing lights,

都是在大型展覽空間舉辦，

there'd be companies selling fakes:

但在遠離法拉利、 賓利汽車、及閃光燈的地方，

companies with a brochure on the counter

會有些公司在販售仿冒品：

and another one underneath, if you ask them the right questions.

這些公司的櫃台上擺著型錄，

And they would sell me fake car parts, faulty fake car parts

櫃台下還有另一種型錄， 問對問題就可以拿到。

that have been estimated to cause over 36,000 fatalities,

他們會賣我有瑕疵的仿冒汽車零件，

deaths on our roads each year.

估計這些零件已造成 超過 36,000 起死亡事故，

Counterfeiting is set to become a 2.3-trillion-dollar underground economy,

那是每年在道路上的死亡數。

and the damage that can be done with that kind of money,

仿冒業開始變成了 2.3 兆美元的地下經濟，

it's really frightening ...

那麼巨額的金錢能造成的傷害

because fakes fund terror.

實在很嚇人，

Fake trainers on the streets of Paris,

因為仿冒品會資助恐怖行動。

fake cigarettes in West Africa,

在巴黎街頭的仿冒運動鞋，

and pirate music CDs in the USA

在西非的仿冒香煙，

have all gone on to fund trips to training camps,

在美國的盜版音樂 CD，

bought weapons and ammunition, or the ingredients for explosives.

全都被用來資助去訓練營的旅程、

In June 2014, the French security services

買武器和彈藥，或爆裂物的原料。

stopped monitoring the communications of Said and Cherif Kouachi,

2014 年 6 月， 法國的保安部門停止監控

the two brothers who had been on a terror watch list for three years.

賽義德和謝里夫寇瓦奇之間的通訊，

But that summer, they were only picking up that Cherif was buying

這對兄弟已在恐怖份子 監視名單上有三年了。

fake trainers from China,

那年夏天，他們只發現謝里夫

so it signaled a shift away from extremism

向中國買仿冒運動鞋，

into what was considered a low-level petty crime.

認為這表示他從極端主義轉變成

The threat had gone away.

一般人認為的低階小型犯罪，

Seven months later,

威脅已經消失。

the two brothers walked into the offices of Charlie Hebdo magazine

七個月後，

and killed 12 people, wounded 11 more,

這對兄弟走進了 查理週刊總部辦公室，

with guns from the proceeds of those fakes.

殺死了 12 個人，還射傷 11 人，

So whatever you think, this isn't a faraway problem happening in China.

他們用的槍來自那些仿冒品的收益。

It's happening right here.

不論你怎麼想，這並不是 在中國發生的遙遠問題。

And Paris is not unique.

它正在這裡發生。

Ten years earlier, in 2004, 191 people lost their lives

巴黎並非唯一的。

when a Madrid commuter train was bombed.

十年前，2004 年，191 人喪命，

The attack had been partly funded by the sale of pirate music CDs in the US.

死於馬德里的火車炸彈事件。

Two years prior to that, an Al Qaeda training manual

那次攻擊，有部份資金來自 美國所販售的盜版音樂 CD。

recommended explicitly selling fakes

那件事的兩年前，

as a good way of supporting terror cells.

一本基地組織的訓練手冊 明確建議販售仿冒品，

But despite this, despite the evidence connecting terrorism and counterfeiting,

說這是資助基層恐怖組織的好方法。

we do go on buying them, increasing the demand

儘管如此，儘管有證據說明 恐怖主義與仿冒業間有關聯存在，

to the point where there's even a store in Turkey

我們還是會去買，增加了需求，

called "I Love Genuine Fakes."

甚至在土耳其有一間店面，

And you have tourists posing with photographs on TripAdvisor,

店名叫「我愛真的仿冒品」

giving it five-star reviews.

還有觀光客在旅遊評論網站 TripAdvisor 上張貼照片，

But would those same tourists have gone into a store

給這間店五星的好評。

called "I Love Genuine Fake Viagra Pills"

但同樣這些觀光客，會不會走入一間

or "I Genuinely Love Funding Terrorism"?

叫做「我愛真的仿冒壯陽藥」或是

I doubt it.

「我真的愛資助恐怖主義」的店？

Many of us think that we're completely helpless

我想不會。

against organized crime and terrorism,

許多人認為我們無能為力去對抗

that we can do nothing about the next attack,

組織性犯罪以及恐怖主義，

but I believe you can.

認為我們對下次攻擊什麼也做不了，

You can by becoming investigators, too.

但我相信你們能。

The way we cripple these networks is to cut their funding,

你們也可以成為調查員。

and that means cutting the demand

要破壞這些網路， 就要切斷它們的資金，

and changing this idea that it's a victimless crime.

那就意味著切斷需求，

Let's all identify counterfeiters,

改變想法，了解仿冒並非 無受害者的犯罪。

and don't give them our money.

讓我們都去辨識出仿冒者，

So here's a few tips from one investigator to another

別把我們的錢給他們。

to get you started.

以下是一個調查員之間 傳授的一些小密訣，

Number one:

讓你們有個開端。

here's a typical online counterfeiter's website.

第一：

Note the URL.

這是個典型的仿冒品網站，

If you're shopping for sunglasses or camera lenses, say,

注意它的網址。 （註：醫療-保險-破產.com）

and you come across a website like medical-insurance-bankruptcy.com,

如果你要買比如 太陽眼鏡或相機鏡頭，

start to get very suspicious.

而你找到了一個像 medical- insurance-bankruptcy.com 的網站

(Laughter)

你要非常懷疑它。

Counterfeiters register expired domain names

（笑聲）

as a way of keeping up the old website's Google page ranking.

仿冒商會去註冊過期的域名，

Number two:

這樣可以延用舊網站在 Google 搜尋結果的排名。

is the website screaming at you that everything is 100 percent genuine,

第二：

but still giving you 75 percent off the latest collection?

這個網站在大聲疾呼說 所有東西都是 100% 真品，

Look for words like "master copy,"

但最新的系列產品還能打到 25 折？

"overruns," "straight from the factory."

尋找這些字眼：「大師級複製品」、

They could write this all in Comic Sans, it's that much of a joke.

「大批橫掃」、「直接來自工廠」。

(Laughter)

他們用類似手寫的字體來寫， 算得上是個玩笑。

Number three:

（笑聲）

if you get as far as the checkout page,

第三：

and you don't see "https" or a padlock symbol next to the URL,

如果你已經進行到結帳網頁，

you should really start thinking about closing the tab,

而沒看到「https」或 在網址旁邊的掛鎖符號，

because these indicate active security measures

你真應該考慮直接關掉這網頁，

that will keep your personal and credit card information safe.

因為這些都是現行的安全措施，

OK, last one:

能確保你的個人資料 和信用卡資料安全。

go hunting for the "Contact Us" page.

好，最後一項：

If you can only find a generic webform,

去找「聯絡我們」頁面。

no company name, telephone number, email address, postal address --

如果你只能找到一般性的網路表單，

that's it, case closed.

沒有公司名、電話號碼、 電子郵件地址、實體地址──

You found a counterfeiter.

那就對了，結案。

Sadly, you're going to have to go back to Google

你找到了仿冒者。

and start your shopping search all over again,

不幸的是，你得回到 Google，

but you didn't get ripped off, so that's only a good thing.

重新開始你的購物搜尋，

As the world's most famous fictional detective would say,

但你沒被欺詐，這是唯一的好事。

"Watson, the game is afoot."

正如世界最知名的 小說偵探角色會說的：

Only this time, my investigator friends,

「華生，遊戲開始了。」 （註：福爾摩斯的口頭禪）

the game is painfully real.

我的調查員朋友們，

So the next time you're shopping online,

這次的差別在於遊戲是非常真實的。