Name: TED】賈米拉-拉吉布:有效的非暴力抵抗的祕密（有效的非暴力抵抗的祕密｜賈米拉-拉基布 (【TED】Jamila Raqib: The secret to effective nonviolent resistance (The secret to effective nonviolent resistance | Jamila Raqib))
Uploaded: 2021-01-14T07:29:52.000Z
Duration: 8 min 58 s

War has been a part of my life since I can remember.

基礎被動語態

I was born in Afghanistan, just six months after the Soviets invaded,

自我有記憶以來 戰爭就是我生活的一部分

轉承詞

and even though I was too young to understand what was happening,

就在蘇維埃入侵六個月之後 我出生於阿富汗

I had a deep sense of the suffering and the fear around me.

儘管當時我還年幼 並不知道發生了什麼

Those early experiences had a major impact on how I now think about war and conflict.

但我深深地感覺到 災難和恐懼在我周邊

I learned that when people have a fundamental issue at stake,

這些早期的經歷 讓我現在對戰爭和衝突的看法 產生了重要的影響

they need a powerful way to resist and to fight back.

Which means that no matter how destructive and terrible violence is,

他們需要一個強有力的方式 去抵制和反抗

這就意味著無論暴力有多麼兇殘可怕

如果人們認為暴力是 他們唯一的選擇

Most of us are concerned with the level of violence in the world.

我們絕大部分人都對 存在於世界上的暴力感到擔心

by telling people that violence is morally wrong.

that's at least as powerful and as effective as violence.

取而代之的 我們必須 給他們一個工具

至少是一個與暴力 有相同效力的工具

in some of the most difficult situations around the world

我在一些有著最困難處境的地區

how they can use nonviolent struggle to conduct conflict.

Most people associate this type of action with Gandhi and Martin Luther King.

But people have been using nonviolent action for thousands of years.

很多人使用這種手段 比如 甘地和馬丁路德金

In fact, most of the rights that we have today in this country --

人們已經使用非暴力手段近千年

事實上 今天在這個國家裡 大部分的權利

as people of different sexual orientations

and citizens concerned with the environment --

They were won by people who fought for them

But because we haven't learned from this history,

nonviolent struggle as a technique is widely misunderstood.

但是因為我們還沒有從 這歷史當中學到教訓

I met recently with a group of Ethiopian activists,

and they told me something that I hear a lot.

我最近見了一個埃塞俄比亞積極團體

They said they'd already tried nonviolent action,

然後他們跟我說了些我常聽到的事情

他們說他們已經嘗試過非暴力手段

The government arrested everyone, and that was the end of that.

The idea that nonviolent struggle is equivalent to street protests

政府把他們全部都逮捕了去來 這就是故事的結果

非暴力鬥爭的想法 是跟街頭抗議一樣的

Because although protests can be a great way to show that people want change,

on their own, they don't actually create change --

因為抗議會是一個很好的方式來 表達人們想要變革的意願

靠人們自己  他們並不能改變任何事情

Powerful opponents are not going to give people what they want

太過強勢的對手不會給抗議者 帶來他們所想要的東西

僅僅是因為他們抗議得太過禮貌

Nonviolent struggle works by destroying an opponent,

but by identifying the institutions that an opponent needs to survive,

and then denying them those sources of power.

但是要給他們的對手留一些顏面

Nonviolent activists can neutralize the military

非暴力積極人士可以 通過使士兵叛變

They can disrupt the economy through strikes and boycotts.

And they can challenge government propaganda

他們可以通過 罷工和抵制來搗亂經濟

There are a variety of methods that can be used to do this.

有很多方法可以達成這樣的效果

has identified 198 methods of nonviolent action.

Guatemala was ruled by corrupt former military officials

瓜地馬拉是被一個腐敗的前軍官統治

but most of them felt powerless to do anything about it --

until one group of citizens, just 12 regular people,

但是大部分人們都不敢有任何舉措

put out a call on Facebook to their friends

直到一個由12個普通人組成的團體

to meet in the central plaza, holding signs with a message:

They stayed there for months as protests spread throughout the country.

他們在那裡待了幾個月  抗議也擴散到了全國

the organizers delivered hundreds of eggs to various government buildings

組織者給政府部門送了幾百個雞蛋

"to stop corrupt candidates from running for office,

來阻止那些腐敗份子來糟蹋政府部門

And the activists realized that they couldn't just keep protesting

然後抗議者意識到他們不能 僅僅停留在抗議上

in which people throughout the country refused to work.

over 400 businesses and schools shut their doors.

TED】賈米拉-拉吉布:有效的非暴力抵抗的祕密（有效的非暴力抵抗的祕密｜賈米拉-拉基布 (【TED】Jamila Raqib: The secret to effective nonviolent resistance (The secret to effective nonviolent resistance | Jamila Raqib))

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TED】賈米拉-拉吉布:有效的非暴力抵抗的祕密（有效的非暴力抵抗的祕密｜賈米拉-拉基布 (【TED】Jamila Raqib: The secret to effective nonviolent resistance (The secret to effective nonviolent resistance | Jamila Raqib))

struggle

technique

grab

strategy