Name: TED】Thomas Insel:走向對精神疾病的新理解（托馬斯-英塞爾：走向對精神疾病的新理解）。 (【TED】Thomas Insel: Toward a new understanding of mental illness (Thomas Insel: Toward a new understanding of mental illness))
Uploaded: 2021-01-14T07:29:04.000Z
Duration: 13 min 4 s

Translator: Joseph Geni Reviewer: Thu-Huong Ha

譯者: illusion Hung 審譯者: Dat Tran

and the good news has to do with what do we know

一些確實改變了許多嚴重疾病的

Today, some 25, 30 years later, we're talking about

a mortality rate that's reduced by 85 percent.

who would have previously died of this disease are cured.

過去將死於這種疾病的兒童獲得治癒

Heart disease used to be the biggest killer,

Today, we've seen a 63-percent reduction in mortality

remarkably, 1.1 million deaths averted every year.

每年死亡人數減少110萬，一個值得注意的數字

meaning that a 20-year-old who becomes infected with HIV

意味著遭受愛滋病毒感染的一個20歲年輕人

is expected not to live weeks, months, or a couple of years,

將不僅存活幾星期，幾個月或幾年

probably to die in his '60s or '70s from other causes altogether.

These are just remarkable, remarkable changes

in the outlook for some of the biggest killers.

that you probably wouldn't know about, stroke,

which has been, along with heart disease,

one of the biggest killers in this country,

現在我們知道，以這種疾病來說

that if you can get people into the emergency room

如果能及時將病患者送入急診室

some 30 percent of them will be able to leave the hospital

something about the diseases that has allowed us

瞭解某些關於疾病的資訊，使我們能

Now this is, of course, not a disease, per se.

What you may not realize is just how prevalent it is.

你或許不知道這種情形多麼普遍

There are 38,000 suicides each year in the United States.

Third most common cause of death amongst people

It's kind of an extraordinary story when you realize

這是令人震驚的故事，當你瞭解

and actually more common as a source of death

there is also a medical contribution here,

醫學上對這方面的研究亦有貢獻

depression, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia,

anorexia, borderline personality. There's a long list

and as I mentioned before, often early in life.

如我之前提過的 這些疾病往往發生於人生早期

But it's not just the mortality from these disorders.

但自殺不僅與這些疾病的死亡率有關

as measured by the World Health Organization

with something they call the Disability Adjusted Life Years,

以所謂的「傷殘調整生命年」所做的衡量

it's kind of a metric that nobody would think of

沒人想到它會成為一種度量單位

except it's one way of trying to capture what is lost

它是一種估算健康壽命損失的方法

in terms of disability from medical causes,

of all disability from all medical causes

在所有醫學因素導致的失能中，約30％

You're probably thinking that doesn't make any sense.

我的意思是，癌症似乎更加嚴重

But you can see actually they are further down this list,

但各位可以看見 事實上它們位於這張列表下方

and that's because we're talking here about disability.

What drives the disability for these disorders

導致這些疾病產生失能情況的原因是什麽？

like schizophrenia and bipolar and depression?

例如精神分裂症、躁鬱症和憂鬱症？

為何它們在這張列表中獨占鰲頭？

About one in five people will suffer from one of these disorders

大約五分之一的人將罹患其中一種

A second, of course, is that, for some people,

and it's about four to five percent, perhaps one in 20.

比例約為4％～5％，或許20人中即有1人

But what really drives these numbers, this high morbidity,

但真正造成這些數據、這種高罹患率

以某種程度來說亦是高死亡率的原因

TED】Thomas Insel:走向對精神疾病的新理解（托馬斯-英塞爾：走向對精神疾病的新理解）。 (【TED】Thomas Insel: Toward a new understanding of mental illness (Thomas Insel: Toward a new understanding of mental illness))

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TED】Thomas Insel:走向對精神疾病的新理解（托馬斯-英塞爾：走向對精神疾病的新理解）。 (【TED】Thomas Insel: Toward a new understanding of mental illness (Thomas Insel: Toward a new understanding of mental illness))

chronic

extraordinary

mental

depression