Name: TED】Andreas Schleicher:用數據打造更好的學校（Andreas Schleicher：用數據打造更好的學校）。 (【TED】Andreas Schleicher: Use data to build better schools (Andreas Schleicher: Use data to build better schools))
Uploaded: 2021-01-14T07:29:01.000Z
Duration: 19 min 48 s

Translator: Joseph Geni Reviewer: Morton Bast

譯者: Rowena Weng 審譯者: Marssi Draw

Radical openness is still a distant future

「激進式開放」仍然是遙遠的未來

that learning is not a place but an activity.

學習不是一個場所 而是一種活動

But I want to tell you the story of PISA,

我想告訴你有關 國際學生能力評量計劃 (PISA) 的故事

OECD's test to measure the knowledge and skills

它是經濟合作發展組織 (OECD) 的一項測驗

衡量全球 15 歲學生的知識及技能

and it's really a story of how international comparisons

而它確實說明了這種國際層次的比較

have globalized the field of education that we usually treat

得以讓我們平日當做國家內政的

Look at how the world looked in the 1960s,

You can see the United States ahead of everyone else,

and much of the economic success of the United States

But in the 1970s, some countries caught up.

但在 1970 年代，一些國家急起直追

這並不是因為美國的水準下降了

but because they had risen so much faster elsewhere.

Korea shows you what's possible in education.

Two generations ago, Korea had the standard of living

在兩個世代以前，韓國的生活水準

and was one of the lowest education performers.

Today, every young Korean finishes high school.

現在每一個韓國青少年都能完成高中教育

So this tells us that, in a global economy,

it is no longer national improvement that's the benchmark for success,

but the best performing education systems internationally.

擁有國際上最好的教育體系才是

measuring how much time people spend in school

or what degree they have got is not always

a good way of seeing what they can actually do.

並非總是判斷他們實力的好方法

Look at the toxic mix of unemployed graduates on our streets,

看看街上那麼多找不到工作的畢業生

while employers say they cannot find the people

And that tells you that better degrees don't automatically translate

這就說明了更高的學歷無法自動轉化為

into better skills and better jobs and better lives.

更好的技能、更好的工作以及更好的生活

有了 PISA，我們試著去改變這樣的情況

And we took a very special angle to this.

We were less interested in whether students can simply

reproduce what they have learned in school,

but we wanted to test whether they can extrapolate

and apply their knowledge in novel situations.

以及在新環境中運用他們的知識

Now, some people have criticized us for this.

They say, you know, such a way of measuring outcomes

is terribly unfair to people, because we test students

對學生極為不公平 因為我們的測驗

the test of truth in life is not whether we can remember

因為生活中對真理的測驗 並不在於

而是在於我們是否為改變做好了準備

whether we are prepared for jobs that haven't been created,

我們是否準備好去面對各種新工作

to use technologies that haven't been invented,

to solve problems we just can't anticipate today.

our way of measuring outcomes has actually quickly become the standard.

我們衡量結果的方法 很快就成為了標準

that together cover 87 percent of the economy.

This chart shows you the performance of countries.

Yellow is so-so, and in green are the countries doing really well.

黃色是中等，而綠色是表現優秀的國家

You can see Shanghai, Korea, Singapore in Asia;

你們可以發現 亞洲的上海、韓國、新加坡

Canada in North America doing really well.

以及北美洲的加拿大 都有很好的表現

You can also see that there is a gap of almost

15-year-olds in Shanghai and 15-year-olds in Chile,

when you include the countries with really poor performance.

如果包含了那些表現很差的國家

There's a world of difference in the way in which

世界各國為年輕人面對今日經濟發展

young people are prepared for today's economy.

But I want to introduce a second important dimension

With PISA, we wanted to measure how they actually deliver equity,

我們想用 PISA 來衡量 他們究竟如何實現公平

from different social backgrounds have equal chances.

來自不同的社會背景都擁有平等的機會

And we see that in some countries, the impact

of social background on learning outcomes

A lot of potential of young children is wasted.

We see in other countries that it matters much less

We all want to be there, in the upper right quadrant,

我們都希望自己屬於右上角的那個象限

where performance is strong and learning opportunities are equally distributed.

學生表現優秀而且學習機會均等

Nobody, and no country, can afford to be there,

沒有人也沒有任何一個國家 想要在那裡（左下角象限）

TED】Andreas Schleicher:用數據打造更好的學校（Andreas Schleicher：用數據打造更好的學校）。 (【TED】Andreas Schleicher: Use data to build better schools (Andreas Schleicher: Use data to build better schools))

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TED】Andreas Schleicher:用數據打造更好的學校（Andreas Schleicher：用數據打造更好的學校）。 (【TED】Andreas Schleicher: Use data to build better schools (Andreas Schleicher: Use data to build better schools))

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