on every major news network in America.

在美國各大新聞網。

President Trump's fitness for office is now the top story in the country.

特朗普總統的健康狀況 現在是全國的頭條新聞。

Reports suggest that even Trump's advisers are worried about it.

報道稱，即使 特朗普的顧問們對此感到擔憂。

Everyone around the president questions his intelligence and fitness for office.

每個人都圍繞著總統的問題 他的聰明才智和任職資格。

100 percent of the people around him.

他身邊的人百分之百的。

Concerns have gotten so bad that Trump agreed to be screened for dementia

擔心的問題已經嚴重到特朗普 同意接受痴呆症檢查

as part of his last health exam.

作為他最後一次健康檢查的一部分。

None of this has to do with Trump's political positions.

這一切都與特朗普的。 政治立場。

They have to do with his ability to understand the world around him

它們與他的能力有關 瞭解周圍的世界

and make good decisions.

並做出正確的決定。

Everybody wants to know: is this president of sound mind?

大家都想知道：這個總裁的心智是否健全？

And if talking about this kind of thing makes you uncomfortable,

而如果說到這種事情 讓你不舒服。

wait 'til you see how much it's stressing out actual mental health experts.

等到你看到它有多大的壓力 出真正的心理健康專家。

In a series of tweets, the president insisted that he is "like really smart" and a "very stable genius."

在一系列推文中，總統堅持認為 他是 "像真正的聰明 "和 "非常穩定的天才"。

Last October, a group of 27 mental health experts

去年10月，由27名精神衛生工作者組成的 專家

published this book: The Dangerous Case of Donald Trump.

出版了這本書，"唐納德・特朗普的危險案例"。 《唐納德・特朗普的危險案例》

In it, they warn that Trump's behavior shows him to be dangerously unstable,

在其中，他們警告說，特朗普的行為 這說明他是危險的不穩定的。

describing him as a pathological narcissist who's delusional, suffers from paranoid ideation,

把他說成是一個病態的自戀狂。 誰的妄想症， 患有偏執的想法。

lacks conscience and empathy, and exhibits a host of destructive and dangerous psychiatric symptoms.

缺乏良知和同情心，並表現出以下特點 一系列破壞性和危險的精神症狀。

Yeah, it's rough.

是的，這是粗糙的。

Two months after its publishing, the book's editor met with 12 US senators

出版後兩個月。 該書的編輯與12名美國參議員進行了會面。

to talk about Trump's mental fitness.

來談特朗普的心理素質。

That editor's name?

那個編輯的名字？

Dr. Bandy Lee.

李班迪博士。

I am a forensic psychiatrist at Yale School of Medicine

我是耶魯大學法學院的法醫精神病學家。 醫學

and an internationally recognized expert on violence.

和國際公認的專家 暴力行為；

Since the book came out, Dr. Lee has become kind of the face of mental health experts

自從這本書問世後，李博士就成了。 精神衛生專家的臉

warning about Trump.

關於特朗普的警告。

We express our consensus view that

我們表示，我們的共識是

Some of the psychological signs are:

一些心理徵兆是：

All of these are highly associated with violence.

所有這些都與暴力高度相關。

One thing I noticed is that she starts almost every interview about Trump by saying

我注意到一件事，她開始 幾乎每一次關於特朗普的採訪，都會說

this: I'd like to make clear that I speak for myself

這一點。 我想說明一下，我是代表我自己說話的

She did it in our interview too.

她在我們的採訪中也這樣做了。

That's because what Dr. Lee and her colleagues are doing,

這是因為李博士和她的同事們... 正在做。

discussing the mental health of a politician who isn't their patient,

談心 誰不是他們的病人。

is pretty controversial.

是相當有爭議的。

And to understand why, we have to go back to 1964.

要想知道為什麼，我們必須回到過去 至1964年。

Don't tune out.

不要調出來。

I'll make this quick.

我很快就能搞定

Back then, Republican Sen. Barry Goldwater was running for president.

當年，共和黨參議員巴里-戈德華特。 是競選總統。

He was a far-right candidate who talked openly about wanting to use nuclear weapons

他是一個極右翼的候選人，公開談論 想使用核武器

and was endorsed by the KKK.

並得到了三K黨的認可。

I know, time is a flat circle.

我知道，時間是一個平圓。

In response to Goldwater's candidacy, Fact Magazine published this piece,

針對戈德華特的參選。 事實上雜誌發表了這篇報道。

in which over 1,000 psychiatrists argued that he was psychologically unfit to be president.

其中有超過1,000名精神科醫生爭論說 他在心理上不適合當總統。

Goldwater lost the election, but he sued the magazine's publisher for libel

戈德華特輸掉了選舉。 但他卻以誹謗罪起訴雜誌社

and won, causing the magazine to shut down.

並贏得了勝利，導致雜誌社關門大吉。

In response, the American Psychiatric Association created this guideline,

對此，美國精神病學協會 制定了這一準則。

which states that when it comes to public figures,

其中指出，當涉及到公共 數字。

it is unethical for psychiatrists to offer a professional opinion

精神病醫生提供以下服務是不道德的。 專業意見

unless they've conducted an examination on that person.

除非他們已經對 那個人。

They called it: the Goldwater Rule.

他們稱之為： 戈德華特規則

Well, I was going to say it.

好吧，我正想說呢。

But yeah, the Goldwater Rule.

但是，是的，戈德華特規則。

Which brings us back to this book.

這就回到了這本書上。

Lee and her colleagues argue that they're not violating the Goldwater Rule because

李和她的同事們認為，他們是。 沒有違反 "戈德華特規則"，因為

We're not interested in making a diagnosis.

我們對診斷不感興趣。

They're assessing how dangerous he might be based on his public behavior.

他們正在評估他的危險程度 根據他的公開行為。

Most of the information that you get about dangerousness

你得到的大部分資訊都是關於 危險性

comes from observation of their behavior, watching their interactions with people,

來自於對他們行為的觀察。 觀察他們與人的互動。

assessing them in real situations, reports of how they respond,

在實際情況下評估它們； 報告他們如何應對。

objective signs that we can still evaluate even if it's not enough to make a diagnosis.

客觀跡象，我們仍然可以評價 即使不足以做出診斷。

But in March, the APA expanded the Goldwater Rule,

但在3月，APA擴大了Goldwater 規則：

clarifying that rendering any professional opinion

澄清，提供任何專業 意見

about a public figure's affect, behavior, speech,

關於公眾人物的情感、行為。 講話。

or other presentation is unethical.

或其他介紹是不道德的。

In other words, unless Trump agrees to a full mental health screening

換句話說，除非特朗普同意 接受全面心理健康檢查

— never going to happen — tons of psychiatrists are basically barred

- 不可能 大量的精神科醫生基本被禁止進入

from commenting on his mental health.

從評論他的精神健康。

And that is very alarming to me.

而這對我來說是非常驚人的。

Many people call it a gag rule.

很多人把它叫做禁言規則。

Gag rule, I'm into it.

禁言規則，我很喜歡。

You would be.

你會的

That gag rule has a big impact on how the media

這條禁言規則對如何。 媒體

talks about Trump's mental fitness.

談及特朗普的心理素質。

Lee worries that if they can't talk to mental health experts,

李先生擔心，如果他們不能和精神上的。 健康專家；

journalists are more likely to normalize Trump's abnormal behavior.

記者們更有可能將其正常化 特朗普的異常行為。

Most people are not used to seeing impaired individuals

大多數人都不習慣看到障礙物 個人

day in and day out, so

日復一日

It's tough to grapple with the possibility that

這是很難處理的可能性。 該

the person in charge of our nuclear arsenal might be deeply unstable.

我國核武庫的掌門人 可能深陷不穩定。

So instead, our brains look for other explanations for Trump's behavior.

所以，我們的大腦反而會尋找其他的解釋。 對於特朗普的行為。

I want to believe he's just dishonest, not delusional.

我想相信他只是不誠實，不是妄想症。

Trump peddles conspiracy theories about Obama's birth certificate, and he's just playing

特朗普兜售關於陰謀的理論 奧巴馬的出生證明，他只是在玩耍

to his base.

到他的基地。

Is there some strategy in bringing up the Obama birth certificate thing again?

是否有一些策略在提出 奧巴馬的出生證明的事情了嗎？

Trump is not delusional.

特朗普沒有妄想症。

He's being very politically savvy.

他很有政治頭腦。

What should be evidence of a serious emergency gets downplayed as just Trump being Trump.

嚴重突發事件的證據應該是什麼 被淡化為特朗普就是特朗普。

Donald Trump's a different type of guy.

唐納德-特朗普是個不同類型的人。

I mean, he operates differently.

我的意思是，他的操作方式不同。

That difference has made him very successful.

這種差異使他非常成功。

One of Lee's colleagues has a great name for this phenomenon.

李先生的一個同事名字很好聽 對於這種現象。

He calls it "malignant normality."

他稱之為 "惡性常態"。

Ooh. I know.

哦，我知道。我知道了。

It's a great drag name.

這是個很好的拖名。

The result is that journalists end up missing big danger signs,

結果是，記者最終錯過了 大的危險信號。

signs that mental health experts could catch.

心理健康專家可以捕捉到的跡象。

Pundits will simply say, “That's just Trump being Trump,”

專家們只會說："這只是特朗普的說法 作為特朗普，"。

or, “It's tough talk.”

或者，"這是艱難的談話。"

One crucial contribution that mental health professionals can make is to

一個重要貢獻 心理健康專業人員可以做的是

But the bigger problem with the APA's gag order

但APA的禁言更大的問題在於 秩序

is that it surrenders debates about Trump's mental fitness

是，它交出了關於特朗普的辯論。 精神狀態

to non-experts.

對非專家而言。

Isn't it remarkable that we're talking about the president's mental state?

是不是很了不起，我們在談論的是 總統的精神狀態？

To political commentators or partisan pundits who actually aren't qualified to talk about this.

對政治評論員或黨派評論員來說。 誰其實沒有資格談論這個問題。

I'm not a doctor, but I can tell you what I see and hear.

我不是醫生，但我可以告訴你什麼？ 我看到和聽到。

I'm not a doctor, but I can see that he is not the sharp mind that he was.

我不是醫生，但我看得出他是... ... 不像他那樣頭腦敏銳。

I'm not a doctor, but his behavior is erratic.

我不是醫生，但他的行為很不穩定。

To me, that's classic narcissism.

在我看來，這是典型的自戀。

I'm not a doctor but...

我不是醫生，但是... ...

Leaving mental health issues to pundits, non-professionals,

把心理健康問題留給專家、非專業人員。

can keep the public in the dark and keep them

可以把公眾矇在鼓裡，讓他們知道

confused.

混亂的。

These discussions can quickly become train wrecks,

這些討論很快就會變成培訓 沉船。

where mental fitness is used as a weapon to smear political opponents.

矯枉過正 抹黑政治對手。

So many of the traits of a sociopath this man is displaying.

這麼多反社會者的特徵，這個 男子正在展示。

I can't explain this crazy behavior, but I can call it crazy.

我無法解釋這種瘋狂的行為，但我... ... 可以說是瘋狂。

You saw it during the Obama years, when Fox News

你看到它在奧巴馬年，當福克斯... 新聞中心

regularly made wild accusations about Obama's mental state.

經常對奧巴馬進行瘋狂的指責。 精神狀態。

We all know that Obama is a narcissist, but this is bordering on the pathological.

我們都知道奧巴馬是個自戀狂。 但這是近乎病態的。

He doesn't seem to have empathy or feelings for Americans.

他似乎沒有同情心，也沒有感情 對美國人來說。

He is certainly unfit to be president.

他當然不適合當總統。

And Lee worries that this kind of coverage trivializes real concerns

而李先生擔心，這種報道 小題大做

about Trump's mental fitness, reducing them to

關於特朗普的心理健康，減少他們的。 到

just another talking point for pundits to argue about.

只不過是專家們的另一個談話點 爭論。

As this conversation escalates, both sides sort of retreating to their corners.

隨著這次談話的升級。 雙方都有點退避三舍的意思。

The more that mental fitness sounds like a left-wing talking point,

心理素質越聽越像 一個左翼的話題。

the harder it is to take it seriously.

就越難認真對待。

To now say, “Oh, well, look, he seems unhinged,” does seem like you're not willing to accept

現在說，"哦，好吧，你看，他似乎不正常，" 看來你確實不願意接受

the political reality that you are living with.

你們所處的政治現實 與：

To accept that it is simply a political issue or a partisan issue

接受這只是一個政治問題 或黨派問題

is an attempt to normalize the discourse.

是一種話語規範化的嘗試。

No one's a doctor tonight that I've seen.

今晚我沒有看到任何人是醫生。

And somehow say, because you don't like what he said tonight in his speech,

並莫名其妙地說，因為你不喜歡。 他今晚在演講中說的話。

that he's somehow unfit to be commander in chief,

說他不適合當指揮官 負責人：

that is the most ridiculous...

這是最可笑的...

Whoa, whoa, whoa, everybody stop, stop.

哇，哇，哇，大家都停下來，停下來。

The original goal of the Goldwater Rule was to help prevent mental health from being politicized.

戈德華特規則的最初目標 是為了幫助防止心理健康被政治化。

But if the last few months have shown anything, it's that silencing mental health experts

但如果過去幾個月有什麼表現的話。 這是，沉默的心理健康專家

does the opposite.

恰恰相反。

Politicization is almost inevitable without expert input.

政治化幾乎是不可避免的，沒有 專家意見。

Mental health expertise, just like medical expertise,

心理健康專業知識，就像醫學一樣 專業知識；

is neutral on all those grounds.

在所有這些理由上都是中立的。

Trump has made questions about his mental fitness unavoidable.

特朗普讓人質疑他的精神 健身不可避免。

What remains to be seen is whether actual experts

還有待觀察的是，是否實際 專家

will be allowed to answer them.

將被允許回答這些問題。