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  • Have you ever played this game with wooden blocks?

    你玩過這個用木頭積木做的遊戲嗎?

  • My children and I like playing it sometimes.

    我和我的孩子有時喜歡玩。

  • It's all about achieving balance and thinking about placement.

    都是為了達到平衡,考慮安置。

  • If you fit the blocks together with care, they keep building upwards.

    如果你小心翼翼地把積木裝在一起,它們就會一直往上建。

  • But if you rush and get careless, the tower is more likely to fall.

    但如果你急於求成,一不小心,塔就更容易掉下來。

  • This reminds me a bit of grammar and how we fit words together into sentences.

    這讓我想起了一點文法,以及我們如何將單詞組合成句子。

  • Do it with care and you can build effective sentences.

    認真做,你就可以建立有效的句子。

  • If you rush and get sloppy, however, things can fall apart and communication isn't so successful.

    然而,如果你急於求成,馬虎了事,事情就會一發不可收拾,溝通也不會那麼成功。

  • That's why I think it will be helpful for us to review the kinds of clauses we have in English.

    所以我覺得複習一下英語中的從句種類,對我們會有幫助。

  • Understanding clauses will help you build sentences. If you can build a variety of sentences,

    理解分句將幫助你構建句子。如果你能構建各種句子。

  • then you can accomplish even larger tasks, such as writing clear email or putting together a solid essay or report.

    那麼你就可以完成更大的任務,比如寫清晰的電子郵件,或者整理出一篇紮實的論文或報告。

  • If you agree that grammar is a helpful tool to master, then be sure you're subscribed to my channel so that you get all my future grammar lessons.

    如果你同意文法是一個有用的工具來掌握,那麼一定要你'訂閱我的頻道,這樣你就可以得到我未來所有的文法課程。

  • Well, let's begin!

    好吧,我們開始吧!

  • There are two basic kinds of clauses: independent and dependent clauses.

    從句有兩種基本類型:獨立從句和從句。

  • Both kinds have a subject and a verb. But independent clauses can stand alone and make sense. Dependent clauses can't.

    兩種都有一個主語和一個動詞。但獨立從句可以獨立存在,有意義。從屬句不能。

  • Can you identify which clauses are independent?

    你能確定哪些分句是獨立的嗎?

  • These are independent clauses. They can stand alone and form simple sentences.

    這些都是獨立的分句。它們可以單獨存在,組成簡單的句子。

  • The other clauses are dependent clauses. They fall into the category of fragments.

    其他分句是從句。它們屬於從句類。

  • Each dependent clause is only part of a sentence.

    每個從句只是句子的一部分。

  • We have to put a dependent clause together with independent clauses to form a sentence.

    我們要把從句和獨立從句放在一起組成一個句子。

  • Now these are complete ideas and they make sense.

    現在這些都是完整的想法,而且很有意義。

  • Independent clauses can follow different patterns, but they all have a subject and a verb

    獨立分句可以遵循不同的模式,但它們都有一個主語和一個動詞。

  • If you'd like to study patterns like subject-verb, subject-verb-object, and subject-verb-complement,

    如果你想研究主語-動詞,主語-動詞-賓語,主語-動詞-補語等模式。

  • then you can click to watch my lesson on sentence patterns.

    那麼你可以點擊觀看我的句型課程。

  • There are three different types of dependent clauses: noun clauses, adjective clauses, adverb clauses.

    從句有三種不同的類型:名詞從句、形容詞從句、副詞從句。

  • All three types of dependent clauses must combine with a main clause or independent clause to form a complete sentence.

    這三類從句都必須與主句或獨立句組合成一個完整的句子。

  • When we put a dependent clause together with an independent clause, we get a complex sentence.

    當我們把一個從句和一個獨立從句放在一起時,我們就會得到一個複雜的句子。

  • We can put dependent and independent clauses together in various combinations to get:

    我們可以把從句和獨立從句進行各種組合,得到。

  • compound sentences,

    複句。

  • complex sentences,

    複雜的句子。

  • and even complex-compound sentences.

    甚至是複雜的複合句。

  • It helps to be familiar with these combinations because then you can achieve variety in your writing.

    熟悉這些組合是有幫助的,因為這樣你就可以在寫作中實現多樣性。

  • If you'd like to review simple, compound, complex, and complex-compound sentences, check out the video description.

    如果你想複習簡單句、複合句、複雜複合句,請看視頻說明。

  • I'm going to include some useful links. There will be a link to my website, and there's a page with useful videos to improve your writing.

    我'要包括一些有用的鏈接。會有一個鏈接到我的網站,還有'的頁面與有用的視頻,以提高你的寫作。

  • Let's talk about noun clauses first.

    我們先說說名詞性從句。

  • One kind of noun clause is an embedded question or wh- clause.

    有一種名詞性從句是嵌入式疑問句或wh-從句。

  • These noun clauses start with a question word and, of course, they have a subject and verb.

    這些名詞性從句以疑問詞開頭,當然,它們也有主語和動詞。

  • As a whole unit, a noun clause functions like a noun.

    作為一個整體組織、部門,名詞性子句的功能就像一個名詞。

  • That means that an embedded question can be a subject,

    也就是說,一個嵌入式問題可以成為一個主題。

  • an object of a verb,

    的對象。

  • an object of a preposition,

    的對象。

  • and even a complement.

    甚至是一種補充。

  • If you need to review embedded questions, then click on the link. I'll also place links to related lessons in the video description.

    如果你需要複習嵌入的問題,那麼請點擊鏈接。我也會在視頻描述中放置相關課程的鏈接。

  • Another type of noun clause is a "that" clause.

    另一種名詞性從句是 "that "從句。

  • We commonly use "that" clauses as objects of verbs, and when we do, we often omit the wordthat.”

    我們常用 "那 "字從句作為動詞的賓語,在使用時,往往會省略 "那 "字。

  • Check out these examples.

    看看這些例子。

  • We see that clauses after reporting verbs.

    我們看到,報告動詞後的從句。

  • We also see "that" clauses subject and adjective complements.

    我們還可以看到 "那 "句主語和形容詞補語。

  • Here are more examples.

    下面是更多的例子。

  • Okay. Onward to adjective clauses.

    好了,繼續說形容詞從句。接著是形容詞從句。

  • Hopefully, you've watched my series on this topic, so you know how to form adjective clauses and where to place them.

    希望你已經看了我關於這個話題的系列報道,所以你知道如何組成形容詞從句,以及將它們放在哪裡。

  • Just like noun clauses function like nouns, well, adjective clauses basically function like adjectives.

    就像名詞從句的功能像名詞一樣,好吧,形容詞從句的功能基本像形容詞一樣。

  • They describe or modify nouns or pronouns.

    它們描述或修飾名詞或代詞。

  • The big difference is position.

    最大的區別是位置。

  • Single-word adjectives can appear before a noun or after a linking verb.

    單字形容詞可以出現在名詞之前,也可以出現在連接動詞之後。

  • But an adjective clause has to follow the head noun as closely as possible.

    但形容詞分句要儘量緊跟頭名詞。

  • Recall that there are two types of adjective clauses. Identifying and non-identifying.

    回顧一下,形容詞從句有兩種類型。識別性和非識別性。

  • Identifying clauses, also known as restrictive clauses, are necessary.

    識別性條款,又稱限制性條款,是必要的。

  • We need them to identify the head noun. We use no commas with these identifying or restrictive clauses.

    我們需要它們來標識頭部名詞。我們在使用這些識別性或限制性子句時不用逗號。

  • Non-identifying clauses (or non-restrictive clauses) give additional information that could be left out,

    非識別性條款(或非限制性條款)提供了可以省略的額外資訊。

  • and we set them off with commas when we write them or we drop our pitch when we say them.

    而我們在寫的時候用逗號來襯托,或者說的時候就掉音。

  • Note that adjective clauses are also called relative clauses. And we use use relative pronouns and relative adverbs to build them.

    注意,形容詞從句也叫相對從句。而我們使用使用相對代詞和相對副詞來構建它們。

  • I know I'm using a lot of terminology right now, but I think you can follow along, especially with the help of all the examples, right?

    我知道我現在用了很多術語,但我想你能跟上,特別是在所有例子的幫助下,對嗎?

  • Okay. Let's move on to the final type of dependent clause.

    好了,我們繼續看最後一種從句。我們再來看看最後一種從句。

  • Adverb clauses, or as some say, adverbial clauses, allow us to add information about things like time and reason.

    副詞從句,或者有人說,副詞從句,讓我們可以添加時間和理由等資訊。

  • Adverb clauses answer questions just like adverbs: How? How much? Why? When? Where?

    副詞從句和副詞一樣回答問題。怎樣?多少錢?為什麼?何時?何時?

  • Remember, all this additional information doesn't make sense alone. An adverb clause is a fragment until it combines with a main clause.

    記住,所有這些附加資訊並不是單獨的意義。副詞從句在與主句結合之前是一個片段。

  • Another term you may hear when people talk about a dependent clause is a subordinate clause.

    當人們談論從句時,你可能聽到的另一個術語是從句。

  • It's the same thing.

    這是同樣的事情。

  • The prefixsubmeans below or or under.

    前綴 "子 "是指下面或下面的意思。

  • A subordinate clause must hook up with a main clause (an independent clause) to make sense.

    一個從句必須與主句(獨立句)勾連起來才有意義。

  • Adverb clauses are examples of subordinate clauses.

    副詞從句是從句的例子。

  • They have subordinating conjunctions. Those are connecting words like after, before, because, if.

    它們有從屬連詞。這些都是連接詞,比如after,before,because,if。

  • Here are different types of adverb clauses.

    下面是不同類型的副詞從句。

  • This is not meant to be a complete list of all subordinating conjunctions, but I'll show you a good variety.

    這並不是要完整地列出所有的從屬連詞,但我'會向你展示一個好的品種。

  • Here are more subordinating conjunctions to form adverb clauses.

    這裡有更多的從屬連詞組成副詞從句。

  • Remember this is not a complete list.

    請記住,這不是一個完整的清單。

  • Adverb clauses have some flexibility within a sentence.

    副詞從句在句中有一定的靈活性。

  • They can come before or after the main clause.

    它們可以出現在主句之前或之後。

  • If the adverb clause is first, we use a comma to separate the two clauses.

    如果副詞分句在先,我們用逗號將兩個分句分開。

  • If the adverb clause is second, we usually write the sentence without a comma between the two clauses.

    如果副詞從句是第二種,我們通常在兩個從句之間不寫逗號。

  • Something adverb and adjective clauses have in common is that they both can be reduced to phrases.

    副詞和形容詞從句有一個共同點,就是它們都可以還原成短語。

  • If you'd like some practice reducing adverb clauses, click on the link to my other lesson. I'll also put the link in the video description.

    如果你想練習減少副詞從句,請點擊我的另一個課程的鏈接。我也會把鏈接放在視頻描述中。

  • Okay. Let's see how well you followed. Take a short quiz to review.

    好吧,讓我們來看看你跟得好不好。看看你跟得怎麼樣?做個小測驗來複習一下。

  • Note how there's a pause, and I drop my pitch slightly when I say that nonrestrictive clause.

    請注意,怎麼會有'的停頓,我說那個非限制性條款的時候,我的音調稍微下降了一點。

  • So how did you do? I hope you found it helpful to study grammar with me

    那麼你的成績如何呢?希望大家覺得和我一起學習文法有幫助。

  • Please like this video if you think it's important to develop your grammar skills.

    如果你認為培養自己的文法能力很重要,請喜歡這個視頻。

  • That's all for now.

    暫時就到這裡吧。

  • Thanks for watching and happy studies!

    感謝您的觀看,祝您學習愉快!

Have you ever played this game with wooden blocks?

你玩過這個用木頭積木做的遊戲嗎?

字幕與單字
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