Name: 【TED】安吉拉-貝爾徹。利用自然生長電池 (【TED】Angela Belcher: Using nature to grow batteries)
Uploaded: 2021-01-14T04:38:11.000Z
Duration: 10 min 26 s

I thought I would talk a little bit about how nature makes materials.

我想我要談一下大自然如何製造材料。

I brought along with me an abalone shell.

This abalone shell is a biocomposite material

這個鮑魚殼是一個生物複合材料，

that's 98 percent by mass calcium carbonate

它百分之98的質量是由碳酸鈣組成

但是比起其他在同個地方成長的物質﹐

And a lot of people might use structures like abalone shells,

而且很多人或許會利用類似齙魚殼的東西，

I've been fascinated by how nature makes materials,

我對大自然如何製造材料感到著迷﹐

and they use proteins that are coded by the genetic level

而且它們利用基因編碼的蛋白質

that allow them to build these really exquisite structures.

讓它們能夠製造出這些如此精巧的結構。

What if they had some of the same capabilities

and adding no toxic materials back into the environment?

So that's the vision that I've been thinking about.

And so what if you could grow a battery in a petri dish?

如果可以在培養皿內製造電池會是怎樣的呢？

Or, what if you could give genetic information to a battery

又或如果你可以給電池基因訊息

and do so in an environmentally friendly way?

And so, going back to this abalone shell,

is when a male and a female abalone get together,

他們會把「如何建造出這種精巧材料」的

that says, "This is how to build an exquisite material.

Here's how to do it at room temperature and pressure,

Same with diatoms, which are shone right here, which are glasseous structures.

在矽藻上也是一樣，就是這種玻璃般的結構。

they give the genetic information that says,

他們就會把這樣的基因訊息傳遞下去：

And you can do it the same, over and over again."

而且你可以一而再、再而三地做相同的事情」

所以如果你可以對太陽能電池或是電池

I like to say my favorite biomaterial is my four year-old.

我會說我最喜歡的生物材料就是我的四歲小孩。

But anyone who's ever had, or knows, small children

任何一個有過或認識小朋友的人都知道

knows they're incredibly complex organisms.

to do something they don't want to do, it's very difficult.

去做他們不想要做的事情﹐是非常困難的。

So when we think about future technologies,

所以當我們在思考未來的科技，

we actually think of using bacteria and virus,

Can you convince them to work with a new tool box,

Also, we think about future technologies.

而且，我們思考著有關未來的科技。

And very rapidly, they became multi-cellular,

且很快的，它們變成多細胞生物，

they could replicate, they could use photosynthesis

它們會複製﹐它們可以用光合作用

But it wasn't until about 500 million years ago --

during the Cambrian geologic time period --

that organisms in the ocean started making hard materials.

Before that they were all soft, fluffy structures.

在那之前，生物都是柔軟蓬鬆的結構。

that there was increased calcium and iron

And organisms learned how to make hard materials.

然後生物們學會製造出硬的材料。

And so that's what I would like be able to do --

to work with the rest of the periodic table.

there's many structures like DNA and antibodies

and proteins and ribosomes that you've heard about

還有蛋白質和核糖體這些你有聽過的東西

really exquisite structures on the nanoscale.

在奈米尺度下如此精巧的結構。

So here are some examples: these are some natural shells.

所以這是一些例子：這些自然的貝殼。

The abalone shell here -- and if you fracture it,

you can look at the fact that it's nano-structured.

that make small, single-domain magnets used for navigation.

製造出微小、單一結構磁鐵來幫助導航。

is these materials are structured at the nanoscale,

這些材料都是在奈米尺度上建造的，

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【TED】安吉拉-貝爾徹。利用自然生長電池 (【TED】Angela Belcher: Using nature to grow batteries)

material

basically

convince

structure