Name: 【TED】威廉-諾爾：揭祕失落的阿基米德法典（William Noel: Revealing the lost codex of Archimedes）。 (【TED】William Noel: Revealing the lost codex of Archimedes (William Noel: Revealing the lost codex of Archimedes))
Uploaded: 2021-01-14T07:27:35.000Z
Duration: 14 min 54 s

譯者: Alison Yang 審譯者: Yuning912 陳又寧

don't survive to us in their original form.

轉承詞

They survive because medieval scribes copied them

由於中世紀抄寫員的不斷抄寫，

反覆抄寫，所以它們仍然存在。

Everything we know about Archimedes as a mathematician

we know about because of just three books,

這就是我們所知有關他的東西。

我們從三本書知道他是這樣的一個人，

And A was lost by an Italian humanist in 1564.

And B was last heard of in the Pope's Library

在1564年，一個意大利人道主義者遺失了A書；

about a hundred miles north of Rome in Viterbo in 1311.

在1311年，人們最後一次在維泰博羅馬

北面約一百里的教皇的圖書館聽到B書；

並運到我在巴爾的摩的辦公桌上。

Now Codex C is actually buried in this book.

事實上，C的抄本是埋在這本書內。

Because this book is actually a prayer book.

It was finished by a guy called Johannes Myrones

And to make his prayer book he used parchment.

他用了羊皮紙去釘裝成他的禱告書，

he used parchment recycled from earlier manuscripts,

他用早期的手稿循環再造的羊皮紙，

And Archimedes Codex C was just one of those seven.

He took apart the Archimedes manuscript and the other seven manuscripts.

阿基米德的C手抄本只是其中一份而已。

他把阿基米德的手稿和其他七份拆開，

and then he cut the sheets down in the middle,

and he wrote prayers on top of these books.

disappeared for 700 years, and we have a prayer book.

基本上，這七份手稿都已經消失700年了，

The prayer book was discovered by this guy,

在1906年，一名叫約翰•海伯格的男人

he transcribed as much of the text as he could.

And the thing is that he found two texts in this manuscript

they were completely new texts by Archimedes,

and they were called "The Method" and "The Stomachion."

《阿基米德方法》和《胃痛》。

It got in worse condition in the 20th century

在二十世紀經海伯格看完以後，

This book is the definition of a write-off.

that you thought would be in an institution.

it was bought by a private owner in 1998.

Because he wanted to make that which was fragile safe.

He wanted to make that which was unique ubiquitous.

因為他想令脆弱得東西得以安全，

He wanted to make that which was expensive free.

And he wanted to do this as a matter of principle.

Because not many people are really going to read Archimedes in ancient Greek,

當然，這也是根據他一貫的原則---

but they should have the chance to do it.

即使只有少數人真的會閱讀阿基米德的古希臘文本，

So he gathered around himself the friends of Archimedes,

所以，他召集了一群阿基米德的支持者，

but actually it wouldn't be as much as you think

預料之內，這是十分昂貴的工作，

because these people, they didn't come from money,

And they came from all sorts of different backgrounds.

they came from scientific imaging and program management.

And they got together to work on this manuscript.

The first problem was a conservation problem.

And this is the sort of thing that we had to deal with:

這是我們無可避免要處理的難題：

And if you look at this photograph carefully,

你會發現底下的一半是偏啡色的。

you can take off this glue reasonably easily.

你會頗容易地把這些膠水剝下來。

但上面的那一半是牛頭牌木膠，

that doesn't dissolve in water once it's dry.

And it's much tougher than the parchment that it was written on.

And so before we could start imaging Archimedes,

它的質地遠遠比那張羊皮紙硬。

故此，在開始進行影像掃描之前，

And this is a rare action shot, ladies and gentlemen.

先生小姐，這可是很不平常的事。

Another thing is that we had to get rid of all the wax,

because this was used in the liturgical services

So very carefully we had to mechanically scrape off all the wax.

而我們更不能透過那些臘進行影像掃描。

【TED】威廉-諾爾：揭祕失落的阿基米德法典（William Noel: Revealing the lost codex of Archimedes）。 (【TED】William Noel: Revealing the lost codex of Archimedes (William Noel: Revealing the lost codex of Archimedes))

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【TED】威廉-諾爾：揭祕失落的阿基米德法典（William Noel: Revealing the lost codex of Archimedes）。 (【TED】William Noel: Revealing the lost codex of Archimedes (William Noel: Revealing the lost codex of Archimedes))

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