Name: 【TED】加斯-倫茨：石油的真實成本（Garth Lenz: The true cost of oil）。 (【TED】Garth Lenz: The true cost of oil (Garth Lenz: The true cost of oil))
Uploaded: 2021-01-14T07:27:26.000Z
Duration: 17 min 41 s

Translator: Morton Bast Reviewer: Thu-Huong Ha

譯者: Geoff Chen 審譯者: Marssi Draw

The world's largest and most devastating environmental and industrial project

基礎被動語態

is situated in the heart of the largest and most intact forest in the world,

It stretches right across Northern Canada, in Labrador,

it's home to the largest remaining wild caribou herd in the world:

它橫跨加拿大北方地區， 在拉布拉多省（Labrador），

是世界上現存最大的野生馴鹿群

Unfortunately, when I was there, I couldn't find one of them,

遺憾的是，當我在那兒時，一隻都看不到，

we're blessed with this incredible abundance of wetlands.

Wetlands, globally, are one of the most endangered ecosystems.

濕地是地球上 最瀕危的生態系統之一，

they sequester large amounts of greenhouse gases,

它們毫無疑問是關鍵的生態系統，

and they're home to a huge diversity of species.

where almost 50 percent of the 800 bird species found in North America

它們也是擁有大片生物多樣性的家園。

migrate north to breed and raise their young.

在針葉林裡頭，濕地也是近一半北美洲的

In Ontario, the boreal marches down south to the north shore of Lake Superior.

And these incredibly beautiful boreal forests

這些鳥類爲了繁殖，向北美大陸 的北邊遷徙，餵養幼鳥。

were the inspiration for some of the most famous art in Canadian history,

在安大略省（Ontario），針葉林向南延伸

the Group of Seven were very inspired by this landscape,

直到蘇比利爾湖（Lake Superior）的北岸，

and so the boreal is not just a really key part of our natural heritage,

but also an important part of our cultural heritage.

In Manitoba, this is an image from the east side of Lake Winnipeg,

and this is the home of the newly designated UNESCO Cultural Heritage site.

就曾深深鼓舞了七人畫派（ Group of Seven）。

In Saskatchewan, as across all of the boreal,

an incredible network of rivers and lakes that every school-age child learns about,

它也是我們文化遺產的關鍵之一。

the Peace, the Athabasca, the Churchill here, the Mackenzie,

這是一張在馬尼托巴省（Manitoba） 溫尼伯湖（Lake Winnipeg）東邊的照片，

and these networks were the historical routes

這也是聯合國教科文組織最新指定的

for the voyageur and the coureur de bois,

the first non-aboriginal explorers of Northern Canada

在薩斯喀徹溫省（Saskatchewan），與針葉林裡一樣，

that, taking from the First Nations people,

是若干我們最熟知的河流發源地，

這是一個絕佳的、交織了河流和湖泊的網絡，

for a trade route, a Northwest Passage for the fur trade.

In the North, the boreal is bordered by the tundra,

和平河、阿薩巴斯卡河、邱吉爾河與馬更些河，

we have this incredible valley, the Tombstone Valley.

And the Tombstone Valley is home to the Porcupine caribou herd.

它們是第一個北加拿大非原住民探險家，

Now you've probably heard about the Porcupine caribou herd

in the context of its breeding ground in Arctic National Wildlife Refuge.

用獨木舟划槳發現的 一個交易通道，

Well, the wintering ground is also critical

這是一個皮毛交易的西北通道。

and is potentially, could be potentially, exploited for gas and mineral rights.

在它下面一點，在育空地區（Yukon），

The western border of the boreal in British Columbia

我們有如此令人屏息的山谷， 墓碑谷（Tombstone Valle）。

墓碑谷是豪豬馴鹿（Porcupine caribou）群的居住地。

現在，你可能聽說過豪豬馴鹿群，

is the greatest remaining temperate rainforest in the world,

and we'll discuss that in a few minutes in a bit more detail.

it's home for a huge incredible range of indigenous peoples,

在不列顛哥倫比亞省（British Columbia）的西部邊界，

why so many of these groups have retained a link to the past,

I think part of that reason is because of the remoteness,

這個部分我們等會兒會詳細討論。

of this almost 95 percent intact ecosystem.

as we see ourselves in a time of environmental crisis,

who have lived so sustainably in this ecosystem

許多族群還保留著其與過去的聯繫

In the heart of this ecosystem is the very antithesis

歌曲、舞蹈、和傳統的原因是，

of all of these values that we've been talking about,

在我看來，有部份是因為這裡地處偏遠，

and I think these are some of the core values

the largest oil reserves on the planet outside of Saudi Arabia.

Trapped underneath the boreal forest and wetlands of northern Alberta

are these vast reserves of this sticky, tar-like bitumen.

And the mining and the exploitation of that

is creating devastation on a scale that the planet has never seen before.

在這個生態系統的正中心 你可以看到

I want to try to convey some sort of a sense of the size of this.

和我們所談的價植觀對立的畫面。

it is the largest truck of its kind on the planet.

正是讓我們加拿大人 引以為傲的核心價值。

這是亞伯達省（Alberta）焦油沙，

and its dimensions are 45 feet long by 35 feet wide and 25 feet high.

my head comes to around the bottom of the yellow part of that hubcap.

you could build a 3,000-square-foot two-story home quite easily.

這一大片又黏、焦油狀的瀝青，

So instead of thinking of that as a truck, think of that as a 3,000-square-foot home.

將造成這個星球從未見過的大規模毀害。

And line those trucks / homes back and forth

across there from the bottom all the way to the top.

And then think of how large that very small section of one mine is.

這是可以受重四百噸的自卸車，

Now, you can apply that same kind of thinking here as well.

Now, here you see -- of course, as you go further on,

Again, imagine those all back and forth there.

That would be a huge, vast metropolitan area,

probably much larger than the city of Victoria.

你可以輕易地蓋一棟兩層 總面積三千平方英尺的房子，

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【TED】加斯-倫茨：石油的真實成本（Garth Lenz: The true cost of oil）。 (【TED】Garth Lenz: The true cost of oil (Garth Lenz: The true cost of oil))

incredible

massive

critical

vast