children who become suicide bombers

今天，我要透過

through a completely different lens.

完全不同的鏡頭，帶領各位看看

In 2009, there were 500

成為自殺炸彈客的孩子們。

bomb blasts across Pakistan.

在2009年，在巴基斯坦

I spent the year working

有500個炸彈爆炸。

with children

我花了一整年的時間，

who were training to become suicide bombers

訪問這些

and with Taliban recruiters,

即將被訓練成為自殺炸彈客的孩子們，

trying to understand how the Taliban

並訪問塔利班負責招募這些孩子的人，

were converting these children

試著瞭解塔利班

into live ammunition

如何將這些孩子

and why these children were actively

變成活動炸彈，

signing up to their cause.

而這些孩子們又為何

I want you to watch a short video

自願投入這危險的工作。

from my latest documentary film, "Children of the Taliban."

我請各位先看我最近拍攝的紀錄片

(Singing)

其中的一個片段：「塔利班的孩子們」。

The Taliban now run their own schools.

(歌唱聲)

They target poor families

塔利班現在有自己的學校，

and convince the parents to send their children.

他們瞄準窮苦的家庭，

In return, they provide free food and shelter

說服父母把孩子送到這裡。

and sometimes pay the families a monthly stipend.

他們提供免費的食物和住房做為回報，

We've obtained a propaganda video

有時還每個月給這些家庭一些津貼。

made by the Taliban.

我們取得了一卷

Young boys are taught justifications

塔利班製作的宣傳影帶，

for suicide attacks

年輕的男孩們被灌輸

and the execution of spies.

自殺攻擊的正當性，

I made contact with a child from Swat

並要求他們處決間諜。

who studied in a madrassa like this.

我和一個來自史瓦特的男孩取得聯繫，

Hazrat Ali is from a

他目前在類似這樣的神學院裡讀書。

poor farming family in Swat.

阿里來自

He joined the Taliban a year ago

史瓦特的窮苦農村家庭，

when he was 13.

他在一年前加入塔利班，

How do the Taliban in your area get people to join them?

那時他13歲。

Hazrat Ali: They first call us to the mosque and preach to us.

塔利班在你們家鄉如何招募新成員？

Then they take us to a madrassa

阿里：他們一開始叫我們到清真寺去，對我們講道，

and teach us things from the Koran.

然後他們把我們帶到一個神學院，

Sharmeen Obaid Chinoy: He tells me that children

教我們可蘭經上的事。

are then given months of military training.

莎明：他說孩子們

HA: They teach us to use machine guns, Kalashnikov,

會接受數個月的軍事訓練。

rocket launchers, grenades, bombs.

阿里：他們教我們使用自動機槍、卡拉希尼科夫槍、

They ask us to use them only against the infidels.

火箭筒、手榴彈和炸彈等。

Then they teach us to do a suicide attack.

他們說我們只能對異教徒使用這些武器，

SOC: Would you like to carry out a suicide attack?

然後他們還教我們做自殺攻擊。

HA: If God gives me strength.

莎明：你會執行自殺攻擊任務嗎？

SOC: I, in my research,

阿里：願真主賜我力量。

have seen that the Taliban have perfected

莎明：在我的研究中，

the way in which they recruit

我曾看過塔利班

and train children,

在招募和訓練這些孩子時，

and I think it's a five-step process.

將他們的行為美化。

Step one is that the Taliban prey

這分成五個步驟，

on families that are large, that are poor,

第一個步驟是

that live in rural areas.

瞄準貧窮、居住在貧瘠地區

They separate the parents from the children

的大家庭。

by promising to provide food, clothing,

他們將父母和小孩分開，

shelter to these children.

答應父母會給孩子食物、衣物

Then they ship them off, hundreds of miles away

和居住的地方。

to hard-line schools

然後他們把孩子送走，到數百哩以外的地方，

that run along the Taliban agenda.

送到硬漢學校，

Step two:

那裡會照塔利班要求的方式教學。

They teach the children the Koran, which is Islam's holiest book,

第二個步驟，

in Arabic, a language these children do not understand

他們教孩子們讀可蘭經，也就是伊斯蘭教的聖經，

and cannot speak.

但是是以阿拉伯文印製，這些孩子根本不會讀

They rely very heavily on teachers,

也不會說，

who I have personally seen

所以孩子們就只能仰賴神學院裡的老師，

distort the message to these children

而我個人則認為

as and when it suits their purpose to.

這些老師扭曲了教義，

These children are explicitly forbidden

以便達到他們的目的。

from reading newspapers, listening to radio,

這些孩子被禁止

reading any books

閱讀報紙、收聽收音機、

that the teachers do not prescribe them.

或是讀

If any child is found violating these rules,

不是老師建議的書。

he is severely reprimanded.

如果有孩子違反了規定，

Effectively, the Taliban create

就會被嚴厲地訓斥。

a complete blackout

事實上，塔利班

of any other source of information for these children.

完全禁止孩子們

Step three: The Taliban want these children

接觸其他資訊來源。

to hate the world that they currently live in.

第三個步驟，塔利班要孩子們

So they beat these children --

憎恨這個世界，

I have seen it;

所以他們會毆打孩子，

they feed them twice a day dried bread and water;

我曾親眼見過。

they rarely allow them to play games;

他們一天只吃二餐，只有乾麵包和水。

they tell them that, for eight hours at a time,

他們幾乎不讓孩子們玩遊戲，

all they have to do is read the Koran.

他們要孩子

The children are virtual prisoners;

一天要讀可蘭經八個小時。

they cannot leave, they cannot go home.

這些孩子和囚犯沒有兩樣，

Their parents are so poor,

他們不能離開也不能回家，

they have no resources to get them back.

他們的父母都太窮，

Step four: The older members of the Taliban,

沒有辦法把他們帶回家。

the fighters,

第四個步驟，塔利班中較年長的成員，

start talking to the younger boys

也就是戰士們，

about the glories of martyrdom.

會開始和年輕的男孩子們談論

They talk to them about how when they die,

有關殉教後的榮耀。

they will be received up

他們說，在他們死後，

with lakes of honey and milk,

將會被接到天上，

how there will be 72 virgins

那裡有流淌著牛奶和蜂蜜的湖水，

waiting for them in paradise,

有72個處女

how there will be unlimited food,

在天堂準備接待他們，

and how this glory

那裡有無限量的食物，

is going to propel them to become

這份榮耀

heroes in their neighborhoods.

將會使他們

Effectively, this is the brainwashing process

成為鄰里間的英雄人物。

that has begun.

事實上，這就是洗腦

Step five: I believe the Taliban have

的過程。

one of the most effective

第五個步驟，我相信塔利班

means of propaganda.

有一項最有力的

Their videos that they use

宣傳武器，

are intercut with photographs

他們用的宣傳影片

of men and women and children

是經過剪接的照片，

dying in Iraq and Afghanistan

內容是關於在伊拉克、

and in Pakistan.

阿富汗及巴基斯坦中死亡的

And the basic message is that the Western powers

男人、女人及小孩。

do not care about civilian deaths,

他們要傳達的訊息是西方強權國家

so those people who live

根本不在乎平民百姓的死活，

in areas and support governments

所以居住在這些地方的人民，

that work with Western powers are fair game.

就必須和政府

That's why Pakistani civilians,

一起和西方強權國家合作。

over 6,000 of whom have been killed in the last two years alone,

這也就是巴基斯坦在過去二年內，

are fair game.

有超過六千個平民死亡

Now these children are primed

的原因。

to become suicide bombers.

現在，這些孩子

They're ready to go out and fight

被訓練成為自殺炸彈客，

because they've been told that this is

他們已經準備好要到外面的世界去戰鬥，

effectively their only way

因為他們相信

to glorify Islam.

這是唯一

I want you to watch another excerpt from the film.

可以榮耀真主的方法。

This boy is called Zenola.

我要讓你們看紀錄片裡的另一個段落。

He blew himself up, killing six.

這個男孩叫辛諾拉，

This boy is called Sadik.

他把自己炸死了，還炸死了其他六個人。

He killed 22.

這個男孩叫沙迪克，

This boy is called Messoud.

他炸死了22個人。

He killed 28.

這個男孩叫馬蘇德，

The Taliban are running suicide schools,

他炸死了28個人。

preparing a generation of boys

塔利班所經營的自殺學校，

for atrocities against civilians.

訓練了一整個世代的男孩

Do you want to carry out a suicide attack?

要對平民百姓痛下殺手。

Boy: I would love to.

你會執行自殺攻擊任務嗎？

But only if I get permission from my dad.

男孩：我很樂意，

When I look at suicide bombers younger than me, or my age,

但要我父親同意才行。

I get so inspired by their terrific attacks.

當我看到有比我年紀小或和我同年的自殺炸彈客時，

SOC: What blessing would you get

我會因為他們的恐怖攻擊而激發鬥志。

from carrying out a suicide attack?

莎明：若你執行自殺攻擊任務後，

Boy: On the day of judgment, God will ask me,

你會得到什麼祝福？

"Why did you do that?"

男孩：在審判日來臨時，真主會問我：

I will answer, "My Lord! Only to make you happy!

「你為什麼要這麼做？」

I have laid down my life fighting the infidels."

我會回答：「真主，我是要讓你高興才做的！

Then God will look at my intention.

我用我的生命來對抗異教徒。」

If my intention was to eradicate evil for Islam,

真主會知道我的意圖，

then I will be rewarded with paradise.

如果我是為伊斯蘭消滅惡行，

Singer: ♫ On the day of judgment ♫

那我就可以上天堂。

♫ My God will call me ♫

歌聲：♫在審判日來臨時♫

♫ My body will be put back together ♫

♫真主會呼喚我♫

♫ And God will ask me why I did this ♫

♫我的身軀將被拼湊起來♫

SOC: I leave you all with this thought:

♫真主會問我為何這麼做♫

If you grew up in these circumstances,

莎明：我想讓各位思考一下，

faced with these choices,

如果你在這種環境裡成長，

would you choose to live in this world

面對這種選擇，

or in the glorious afterlife?

你會選擇活在這個世界上，

As one Taliban recruiter told me,

還是選擇光榮的死後世界？

"There will always be sacrificial lambs in this war."

有一個塔利班的招募員告訴我，

Thank you.

「在這場戰爭裡總有人要被犠牲。」

(Applause)

謝謝各位。