Name: TED】Charles Leadbeater:開放式創新時代（Charles Leadbeater：The era of open innovation）。 (【TED】Charles Leadbeater: The era of open innovation (Charles Leadbeater: The era of open innovation))
Uploaded: 2021-01-14T07:25:25.000Z
Duration: 19 min 41 s

What I'm going to do, in the spirit of collaborative creativity,

譯者: CHUN-JU CHEN 審譯者: Jeannie Cheng

情態副詞

我要做的呢，就是以集體創造力這個信念

that the three people before me have already made,

but do it through a particular perspective,

and that is to ask about the role of users and consumers

Because traditional economic theory would say,

well, the mountain bike was probably invented by some big bike corporation

應該是某個大型的自行車企業發明的

where they were thinking up new projects,

and it came out of there. It didn't come from there.

Another answer might be, well, it came from a sort of lone genius

所以登山腳踏車是他們發明的。但事實並非如此

另外一個答案可能是，某個孤單的天才發明的

working away on different kinds of bikes, comes up

It didn't come from there. The mountain bike

有如天上掉下來的禮物，他發明了登山腳踏車

但也不是這麼一回事。登山腳踏車

particularly a group in Northern California,

是使用者發明的，而且是年輕人

who were frustrated with traditional racing bikes,

尤其是北加州一群自行車的愛好者

which were those sort of bikes that Eddy Merckx rode,

他們對傳統的競速腳踏車非常的不滿意

or your big brother, and they're very glamorous.

But also frustrated with the bikes that your dad rode,

或你哥會騎的那種，看起來很炫

which sort of had big handlebars like that, and they were too heavy.

他們也對像是爸爸會騎的那種有大手把的腳踏車感到不滿意

So, they got the frames from these big bikes,

put them together with the gears from the racing bikes,

因此他們把那些大型腳踏車的骨架拆下

and sort of mixed and matched various ingredients.

And for the first, I don't know, three to five years of their life,

And they were just made in a community of bikers,

And then one of these companies that was importing parts

北加州的一群自行車愛好者所製造

for the clunkers decided to set up in business,

後來其中一家替「破鐵車」進口零件的公司

and gradually another company emerged out of that, Marin,

後來另外一家公司，Marin，也加入銷售行列

才了解登山腳踏車的市場商機無限

account for 65 percent of bike sales in America.

佔了全美腳踏車銷售額的百分之65

This is a category entirely created by consumers

that would not have been created by the mainstream bike market

這塊市場完全是由消費者開拓出來的

而不是被主流的自行車市場所發掘

they didn't have the incentive to innovate.

this distributive capacity for innovation to come alive.

那就是，他說網際網路提供了分散性

而這種分散性正是創新所需要的

with these kinds of passionate pro-am consumers --

who are knowledgeable; they've got the incentive to innovate;

And out of that, you get the need for the kind of things

你才會看到集體創造力所激起的火花

that Jimmy was talking about, which is our new kinds of organization,

剛剛吉米所談到的事情有多重要，那就是新組織型態的出現

how do we organize ourselves without organizations?

That's now possible; you don't need an organization to be organized,

在沒有實際組織的情況下，我們要如何形成一個團體?

現在這不成問題，你不需要一個組織而結集起來

to the way we think creativity comes about.

我們對於「創意來源」的既定印象

in much of the way that we think about creativity

is that creativity is about special people:

come to conferences like this, in special places,

elite universities, R&D labs in the forests, water,

參加像這樣的會議，或其他特別的場合

maybe special rooms in companies painted funny colors,

例如頂尖大學、建築在森林裡或水裡的研發實驗室

you know, bean bags, maybe the odd table-football table.

或者在公司裡那些漆滿怪異顏色的的特別房間

Special people, special places, think up special ideas,

你知道的，有懶骨頭，或許還有古怪的桌上足球

then you have a pipeline that takes the ideas

特別的人，在特別的地方，想出特別的點子

down to the waiting consumers, who are passive.

They can say "yes" or "no" to the invention.

把這些點子傳送給被動等待的消費者

What's the policy recommendation out of that

if you're in government, or you're running a large company?

如果你在政府機關工作或經營大公司

More special people, more special places.

更多特別的人，更多特別的地方

create more R&D parks, so on and so forth.

Expand the pipeline down to the consumers.

Well this view, I think, is increasingly wrong.

擴大將創意傳播給消費者的管道

我覺得這樣的觀念錯得越來越離譜了

because I think always creativity has been highly collaborative,

而我認為這樣的觀念一直都是錯的

and it's probably been largely interactive.

因為我認為創意是高度共同合作的結果

TED】Charles Leadbeater:開放式創新時代（Charles Leadbeater：The era of open innovation）。 (【TED】Charles Leadbeater: The era of open innovation (Charles Leadbeater: The era of open innovation))

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TED】Charles Leadbeater:開放式創新時代（Charles Leadbeater：The era of open innovation）。 (【TED】Charles Leadbeater: The era of open innovation (Charles Leadbeater: The era of open innovation))

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