Name: 怎樣能高度專注？ (How to Focus Intensely)
Uploaded: 2018-02-08T09:20:50.000Z
Duration: 16 min 11 s

情態副詞

In a world that is growing in distraction,
the ability to focus is becoming increasingly

在這個越來越分心的世界裡。
專注力越來越強

It's a skill that, simultaneously, is becoming
increasingly valuable.

這是一種技能，同時，也在成為
越來越有價值。

Its demand is rising while its supply is decreasing,
to put it in economic terms.

它的需求在增加，而供應在減少。
用經濟術語來說。

In this essay, we'll establish a philosophy
for focusing and learn how we can get better

在這篇論文中，我們將確立一個理念
用於集中精力，學習如何才能更好

But, before we discuss the tactical advice,
let's construct a thought experiment that

但是，在我們討論戰術建議之前。
讓我們構建一個思想實驗，即

will let us get to the heart of what it actually
means to focus.

將讓我們瞭解它的核心內容。
意思是集中精力。

Imagine that our company - Robo Inc. - has
built an extremely complex AI that works in

想象一下，我們的公司--Robo公司--擁有
建立了一個極其複雜的人工智能，在

Robo3000 has been programmed to insert a key
into a keyhole, turn it at a specific number

Robo3000已經被編程為插入一個鑰匙，它是由Robo3000自己設計的。
鑰匙孔，以特定的數量轉動它。

of rotations per minute (RPMs), and produce
as many boxes as it can.

每分鐘轉數(RPMs)，並生產出
儘可能多的盒子，它可以。

Because our AI is extremely complex and expensive,
it's been programmed to sense any threats

因為我們的人工智能是非常複雜和昂貴的。
它已經被編程為感知任何威脅

In the event of an emergency, the AI should
leave the building safely so that we can avoid

在緊急情況下，人工智能應
安全離開大樓，以避免

However, the Robo3000 must also communicate
with the people in the building.

然而，Robo3000也必須進行通信
與樓裡的人。

It has to help them with lifting heavy objects,
or in an emergency.

它必須幫助他們搬運重物。
或在緊急情況下。

We hope that - in the case of a fire - it
will be able to accurately gauge threat levels,

我們希望--在發生火災的情況下--它能讓我們的生活更美好。
將能夠準確衡量威脅程度。

save as many people as possible, and save
itself.

Our company has also invested in an even more
expensive and complex AI: the Robo5000.

我們公司還投資了一個更
昂貴而複雜的人工智能：Robo5000。

It can update all of our Robo3000's and
make them more efficient.

它可以更新我們所有的Robo3000的和。
使其更有效率。

Because Robo5000's are so expensive, we
only have one.

因為Robo5000的價格太貴了，所以我們...
只有一個。

Furthermore, it can only update one robot
at a time and that process takes several hours.

而且，它只能更新一個機器人
一次，這個過程需要幾個小時。

So, it travels around the building and our
Robo3000's have to interact with the Robo5000

所以，它在建築周圍旅行，我們的。
Robo3000必須與Robo5000進行交互。

以幫助他們最大限度地提高生產力。

When a Robo3000 goes to interact with the
Robo5000, it leaves its station and doesn't

當一個Robo3000去和Robo3000進行交互時。
Robo5000，它離開了它的站臺，並沒有...

So, it must be careful not to leave its station
without good reason.

所以，一定要注意不要離開自己的崗位。
毫無理由地。

The Robo3000's have to periodically communicate
with the Robo5000 to see if an update is worth

Robo3000必須週期性地進行通信。
與Robo5000一起，看看是否值得進行更新

getting; they have to determine whether the
benefits of an update outweigh the loss in

獲得；他們必須確定是否
更新的好處超過了損失。

At this point in the thought experiment, I
would like to lay out some definitions.

在這個思想實驗中，我
想列出一些定義。

Consider the action of the AI inserting its
key into the keyhole, producing boxes, and

考慮到人工智能插入其
鑰匙插進鑰匙孔，產生盒子，並。

ignoring all of the environmental stimuli.

Let's call this a state of directed focus.

Directed Focus: Directing attention at a single
thought or action.

定向聚焦。將注意力集中在一個地方
思想或行動。

Providing an undivided attention while ignoring
environmental stimuli.

提供全神貫注，同時忽略
環境刺激。

The opposite state will be called generalized
focus.

相反的狀態將被稱為廣義的
焦點。

Generalized Focus: Broadly distributed attention.

一般化關注：廣泛分佈的關注。

In a state of generalized focus, our AI will
do things such as analyzing if any one needs

在普遍聚焦的狀態下，我們的人工智能會
做的事情，如分析是否有任何人需要

serious help, if there are any imminent threats,
and communicate with the Robo5000 to see if

如果有任何迫在眉睫的威脅，就會得到嚴重的幫助。
並與Robo5000進行通信，以確定是否有

Clearly, maximizing the amount of time spent
directing focus towards the production of

顯然，最大限度地利用時間。
著重於生產

However, if the Robo3000 stays in a state
of directed focus too long, it might not catch

然而，如果Robo3000停留在以下狀態
的時間太長，可能會抓不住。

This could lead to a disaster such as getting
trapped in a burning building.

這可能會導致一場災難，如得到
被困於燃燒的建築物中。

Clearly, there's a dilemma here; let's
explore this problem further.

顯然，這裡面有一個兩難的問題，讓我們
進一步探討這個問題。

How can our AI maximize its production of
boxes while also reacting appropriately to

我們的人工智能如何才能最大限度地產生
盒子，同時也要適當地對

How does it decide how much time to spend
in a state of directed focus producing boxes

它如何決定花多少時間
聚精會神地生產盒子

and how much time to spend in a state of generalized
focus analyzing its environment?

以及有多少時間是在泛濫的狀態下度過的。
重點分析其環境?

How can the AI separate a fire from someone
cooking in the kitchen?

AI如何將火與人分開
在廚房做飯？

How can the AI separate a trivial request
from an important request?

AI如何將一個瑣碎的請求分開
從一個重要的請求？

As the coders, we have to decide what actions
the Robo3000 prioritizes; there has to be

作為編碼者，我們必須決定哪些行為是
Robo3000的優先級；必須要有

a system for operating and a hierarchy of
priorities.

運作的系統和層次。
優先事項；

Here's an example of an operating system:
for every 30 seconds the Robo3000 spends in

這是一個作業系統的例子。
每30秒，機器人3000就會有30秒鐘的時間

a state of directed focus, it must spend 5
seconds in a state of generalized focus.

在定向聚焦的狀態下，它必須花5
秒，處於泛焦狀態。

During this period of generalized focus, the
Robo3000 has to prioritize the stimuli it

在這一普遍關注的時期，
Robo3000必須優先考慮它的刺激。

detects in its environment and act accordingly.

探測到環境中的情況並採取相應的行動。

What if we assigned it a point system based
on actions & priorities.

如果我們給它一個積分系統，基於
在行動和優先事項方面：

Helping others with menial tasks - low to
no priority - 20 points

幫助他人做一些瑣碎的工作----低級到高級；
無優先權----20分

Maximizing box production - medium priority
- 40 points

最大限度地提高包裝盒的產量----中度優先
- 40分

Helping others with heavy lifting - high priority
- 60 points

幫助他人搬運重物----高度優先
- 60分

Saving its own life - higher priority - 80
points

拯救自己的生命----更高的優先級----80
分數

Saving the lives of others - highest priority
- 100 points

拯救他人的生命----最高優先事項
- 100分

Now, if we code the Robo3000 to maximize the
amount of points it achieves each day, it

現在，如果我們對Robo3000進行編碼，以最大限度地增加
每天達到的點數，它的

It will maximize the production of boxes while
also accomplishing more important tasks.

它將最大限度地提高箱子的產量，同時
也完成了更重要的任務。

If the robot does not maximize its points,
that means it has been inaccurate in its ability

如果機器人沒有將其積分最大化。
那就意味著它的能力不準確。

to prioritize actions; there is a fault in
its code.

來確定行動的優先次序；有錯在先
其代碼。

To change our ability to focus, we must - like
the AI - change our code; we have to optimize

要改變我們的專注能力，我們必須--就像。
AI--改變我們的代碼；我們必須優化。

However, I would like to borrow some terminology
from the philosophy of hedonism - which we

但是，我想借用一些術語。
從享樂主義哲學-----------------------------------------------------------------------我們

talked about in the virtual reality video
- for our condition.

在虛擬現實視頻中談到
- 對於我們的情況。

Instead of maximizing points, you can think
of humans as maximizing net pleasure.

與其說是積分最大化，不如說是思考
的人類作為最大化的淨快樂。

In this case, pleasure refers to any state
that we would enjoy being in.

在這種情況下，快樂是指任何狀態
我們將享受在。

The Robo3000 uses focus as a tool to maximize
the amount of points it achieves over its

Robo3000使用焦點作為工具，以最大限度地提高工作效率。
的分數，它在其

Likewise, focus is a tool we use to maximize
our pleasure over an entire life.

同樣，專注力也是我們用來最大化的工具。
我們一生的快樂。

Like the robot, we do this through an action-priority
system.

像機器人一樣，我們通過行動優先級
體系。

You would be correct in thinking that there
is, however, an asymmetry between humans and

你會正確地認為，有
然而，人類和的不對稱性。

For the AI, the actions that would produce
the most pleasure were very clear.

對於人工智能來說，會產生
最高興的是非常清楚。

The AI knew exactly what it had to do to maximize
its pleasure.

人工智能很清楚地知道，它必須做什麼才能最大限度地提高
其樂。

對我們來說，這並不是那麼簡單。

字幕列表影片播放

怎樣能高度專注？ (How to Focus Intensely)

equivalent

extremely

prioritize

technique