Let's say that one day, you get hit in the head with a baseball.

讓我們假設某天，你被棒球打到頭。

Ouch.

哎喲。

It hurt but you brush it off.

很痛，但你忽略它。

You go home and you go to sleep, but what if that hit did more damage than you thought?

你回到家然後上床睡覺，但是如果那個撞擊比你想像中更致命呢？

What if you never woke up?

如果你再也醒不過來呢？

A coma is a prolonged state of unconsciousness.

昏迷是長時間的無意識狀態。

Someone in a coma is unresponsive to touch, sound, and pain.

昏迷者對碰觸、聲音和疼痛都不會有反應。

There's minimal brain activity, and the patient may not be able to swallow or breathe on their own.

他們的腦部活動極微，同時可能無法自行吞嚥與呼吸。

Usually, comas don't last more than a few weeks, but sometimes people never wake up.

通常，昏迷不會超過數週，但有時候人永遠醒不過來。

The roots of consciousness aren't fully understood, but it's believed that for humans to be awake and conscious, a few things in the brain need to be functioning properly.

有關意識的來源尚未被完全了解，但一般認為人們要保持清醒、有意識，腦中的某些東西得正常運作。

First, the Reticular Activating System, a group of neurons that dictates wakefulness, needs to be in good shape.

首先，網狀激活系統，也就是一群控制清醒的神經元，需要維持良好的運作。

Second, both cerebral hemispheres in your brain need to be fully intact.

再來，兩個在大腦裡的半球也得完好無缺。

A coma is the result of either a dysfunction of the RAS, or damage to both cerebral hemispheres.

昏迷的成因不是來自網狀激活系統的功能障礙，就是兩大腦半球損傷。

This can happen in a number of ways.

造成這種狀況的原因有許多種。

Traumatic brain injury.

創傷性腦損傷。

A stroke.

中風。

Drug or alcohol overdose.

毒品藥物或過量酒精。

A brain tumor.

腦瘤。

A really bad infection.

嚴重的感染。

And even diabetes can lead to a coma.

甚至糖尿病也可能導致昏迷。

But, what's really going on when you're in a coma?

不過，當你昏迷時究竟會發生什麼事呢？

In a comatose state, brain activity is minimal, but the brain is still alive and consuming energy from the body.

在昏迷狀態下，腦部活動雖然極低，但腦仍然活著，也會消耗身體的能量。

The brain's networks are rerouted.

腦中的網絡路線亦將改變。

So, normally active areas go quiet and usually dark areas light up with activity.

因此，平時活躍的區域變得安靜，而安靜的區域轉為活躍。

As for the actual experience, different people recall different things.

至於談到實際的昏迷經歷，每個人對此都有不同的感受與體驗。

Many remember terrifying visions of torture and death.

很多人記得關於折磨和死亡的恐怖景象。

Others remember happy dreams with loved ones.

其他人記得與所愛之人的美夢。

But some don't remember anything at all about their coma.

不過有些人卻不記得昏迷過程裡所發生的任何事。

They remember riding their bike, and then getting hit by a car, and then all of a sudden,

他們只記得自己騎著車，然後被汽車撞倒，一轉眼，

they're lying in a hospital bed six months later.

他們就在病床上躺了六個月。

I hope they get some free jello out of it at least.

我希望他們至少能從中獲得一些免費果凍。

Some people say they could hear conversations happening around them when they were in their coma, and there's actually science to back that up!

有些人說自己昏迷時能聽到身邊的交談聲，而事實上這是有科學證明的！

Researchers found that comatose people can hear and that hearing loved ones voices even increases neural activity and speeds recovery.

研究人員發現昏迷者能聽到周圍聲響，聽到他們所愛之人的聲音甚至能促進神經活動並加速康復。

Another study found that some comatose patients can feel pain, even if they don't respond to it.

別的研究發現某些昏迷患者能感覺到疼痛，儘管他們無法做出反應。

So, being in a coma that was the result of a serious injury could be super painful.

所以，處在劇烈傷害下所導致的昏迷中可能超級痛苦。

And you couldn't even ask for more pain meds.

患者還無法索取更多的止痛藥。

It's hard to know for sure if someone in a coma will wake up, but something commonly used by doctors to monitor a patient's status is the Glasgow Coma Scale.

很難確實知道某人能否從昏迷中醒來，不過醫生普遍會用格拉斯哥昏迷指數來監測病患的狀況。

A higher score on this scale means that someone could be more likely to recover.

分數愈高代表該患者愈可能恢復。

Some people even wake up from their comas fully functional!

有些人甚至在清醒後身體功能完全恢復！

But others don't.

但有些人不這麼如此。

It's not uncommon for a person to wake up from a coma with serious physical or mental disabilities, like amnesia.

昏迷者醒來後伴隨著嚴重生理或心理疾病的情況並不罕見，例如罹患失憶症。

And some people never wake up at all.

而有些人則是再也不曾醒來。

A coma can progress into a persistent vegetative state or even locked-in syndrome,

昏迷可能演變成植物人，甚至是閉鎖症候群，

when a person is aware of themselves and their surroundings but cannot speak or move.

閉鎖症候群病人能感知自己和周遭事物，但無法說話或移動。

So, have you or anyone you've known woken up from a coma?

所以說，你自己或你有認識的人從昏迷中甦醒嗎？

What was the experience like?

這樣的經驗感覺如何呢？

If you're comfortable with sharing, let us know in the comment section below.

如果你願意分享，歡迎在底下留言讓我們知道。

If you enjoyed this video, you're definitely gonna wanna check out our video on what would happen if you never left your bed.

如果你喜歡本片，那麼你一定會想觀看另一支影片，內容關於如果永遠躺在床上會發生什麼事。

The sores usually occur in areas like your tailbone, hips, and shoulder blades.

褥瘡常長在你的尾骨、臀部和肩胛骨等部位。

And be warned, they're not pretty.

而且注意，它們不美觀。

Not even with a little bit of coral blue lipstick.

連塗上珊瑚藍色的唇膏也無法讓你變美。

Also, you'll start to get weaker.

同時，你將開始變得虛弱。

My name is Blocko.

我是 Blocko。

This has been Life Noggin!

這裡是 Life Noggin 頻道！

Don't forget to keep on thinking!

別忘了持續思考！