where Jason Statham fights a bunch of armed mercenaries on an airplane

劇情中傑森．史塔森和一群武裝的雇傭兵搏鬥

while holding an adorable baby in a carrier.

手上抱著一個嬰兒座椅，裡面躺著一個可愛的小嬰兒

I've always wondered how babies end up in situations like this.

我一直都想知道嬰兒如何來到這種情境 (怎麼會出現在電影中)

What kind of hoops do you have to jump through to cast babies in Hollywood?

在好萊塢，嬰兒的選角要跨越哪些繁文縟節

You were gonna shoot a baby?

你打算拍攝 (雙關：槍擊) 嬰兒？

You sick bastard.

你這個噁心的王八蛋

Besides babysitting, delivering newspapers, and, uh, wreath making, show business is the only industry that can legally employ children under the age of 14.

除了當保姆、送報，還有製作花圈以外

In fact, they've been in movies almost since the birth of cinema.

影視業是少數可以合法

I hate myself so much.

雇用未滿 14 歲孩童的產業

Casting a baby isn't as simple as casting a grown up actor though.

事實上，他們從電影萌芽的階段就已經出現在銀幕上了

For one: they don't have to get their shift at Starbucks covered to go to an audition, but mostly because there are some special rules producers have to follow when casting an infant.

我現在真討厭自己 (我怎麼會長歪成這樣)

For example, in California, babies can only be on set for two consecutive hours per day,

然而，嬰兒的選角不像成人的那麼容易

with actual work not exceeding 20 minutes “under any circumstances.”

首先，他們不是只要協調他們在星巴克的排班，以便參加試鏡

The state's child labor laws also require that babies be at least 15 days old to be eligible for a work permit,

大部分的原因在於一些製作人在進行嬰兒選角時需要遵守的特殊規則

which is good news for babies who can just chill during their literal first days on earth,

例如，在加州，嬰兒一天只能在片場上連續待兩個小時

but not so good for productions that have scenes with newborns

實際工作「在任何情形下」則不得超過 20 分鐘

because the thing is, if you've ever seen a baby that's two weeks old,

該州的童工勞動法也規定，寶寶至少須出生滿 15 天才能拿到工作許可

you know that they don't exactly look like a newborn anymore.

對那些真的剛出生就可以耍廢的嬰兒來說是件好事

In order to get past this hurdle, productions often try to cast preemies,

但對需要嬰兒的製作單位來說卻沒那麼好

who look newborn even when they're the required minimum of 15 days old,

因為，如果你有看過兩個禮拜大的嬰兒

and in a lot of places outside of California that's perfectly legal.

你應該知道他們已經長得不怎麼像新生兒了

In 16 states there are actually zero regulations regarding minimum age for baby employment in films

由於製作單位想突破這個環節，他們通常都會找早產兒

and many other states have laws that are pretty lax.

因為他們看起來就像新生兒，即使已經出生超過規定的十五天

In New Jersey for example a month-old baby can work five hours a day, five days a week

在很多加州以外的地區，這是完全合法的

and in Louisiana they can be employed six hours a day, six days a week.

在美國有 16 州其實沒有任何電影業雇用嬰兒的最低年齡限制

That's more hours than I worked when I bagged groceries after I graduated college

而許多其他州的法規非常鬆

and no, I do not want to talk about it.

例如，在紐澤西州 ，一個月大的嬰兒一週可以工作五天，一天五個小時

Most states also do nothing to protect the money that babies make.

在路易西安那則是一週六天，一天六小時

Only a few places follow the Coogan Law,

這比我大學剛畢業在超市當收銀店員的工時還長

which requires that child actors be set up with a blocked trust account to protect their earnings.

呃對，我完全不想談這件事

The law is named after Jackie Coogan,

大多數的州對於嬰兒的收入也沒有任何保障

an early 20th century child actor who was in a number of Charlie Chaplin films

只有一些地方會遵守《庫根法》(《加州兒童演員法案》)

該法規定，兒童演員必須開一個凍結的信託帳戶以保障他們的收入

including the American classic "The Kid".

這個法案以傑基・庫根命名

As a child actor he reportedly earned as much as $4 million,

他是一位二十世紀初的童星，在許多查理・卓别林的電影中皆有演出

but his parents squandered all his money by the time he became an adult.

Because of his s***ty parents, moms and dads in these states are required to

包含美國經典電影《尋子遇仙記》

set aside 15 percent of their minor's income in a Coogan account,

他當童星的時候賺了四百萬美元

which the child can access at the age of 18.

全在他成年前被爸媽揮霍掉了

Shooting with babies can be complicated, but the film industry has a way of working around it.

也因為有這種垃圾家長，在這些遵循《庫根法》的州，父母親必須

I would say 90 to 95 percent of jobs for babies and toddlers are exclusive to twins and triplets

將其孩童百分之十五的收入存進「庫根帳戶」中

because two babies can play one character.

孩子滿十八歲時可以動用這些存款

So there's two advantages there.

拍攝嬰兒這件事很複雜，但是電影業還是有些辦法

Number one you can have them both come to set at the same time.

我會說大約有 90% 到 95% 給嬰幼兒的工作都是給雙胞胎三胞胎做的

So if Twin A gets fussy they can call in Twin B

因為有兩個嬰兒可以扮演同一個角色

and they can use the babies back and forth.

這有兩項優點

And the other thing is sometimes production will split their call times

首先，他們可以同時到片場上

so they'll have one baby come in let's say at 9:00 in the morning,

雙胞胎Ａ鬧脾氣時可以換雙胞胎Ｂ

have another baby come in at 2:00 in the afternoon.

然後他們可以這樣輪流使用兩個嬰兒

And so it extends their day.

另外，製作單位可以錯開他們的拍攝時間

Also half of all twins and almost all triplets are born premature,

所以比方說，可以讓其中一個早上九點來

so productions get more working hours and they look newborn.

另一個下午兩點再來

Sean Penn had a different solution.

這樣他們的工作就可以涵蓋一整天

He directed a movie that nobody saw called "The Last Face"

加上大部分的雙胞胎和三胞胎都是早產兒

where they put out a casting call for a one day old baby.

因此製作單位可以延長他們的工時，他們又長得像新生兒

Since they were shooting in South Africa, where you can cast minors with the permission of the Department of Labour.

西恩・潘有另一個方法

It was totally legal.

他執導了一部沒人看的片，叫做《戰地情》

Babies in show biz probably rake in big bucks right?

為了這部片，他們徵了一個一天大的嬰兒

Unfortunately… not.

因為拍攝地點在南非，他們可以招募未成年，只要經過勞動部的同意就可以了

Babies obviously can't talk,

這是完全合法的

so they are usually classified as an "under 5",

演藝圈的嬰兒應該賺很多錢對吧？

a term that refers to an actor with less than five lines.

很不幸的，沒有

It's interesting because you can have a baby who is a recurring character on a TV show and has a name that the public can relate to.

很明顯的，嬰兒不會說話

But a lot of those babies are only getting paid between 200 and 300 dollars a day.

所以他們是所謂的「五以下」

So babies don't really make a ton of money.

意思是他們的台詞少於五句

And casting them sounds like kind of a nightmare -

很弔詭的是可能有個嬰兒可能是某個電視節目的常設角色

are there any other options?

大眾也對角色名稱耳熟能詳

Cut to American Sniper:

但是大部分像這樣的嬰兒一天只賺 200 到 300 美元

Not all of them are as fake as this one,

所以其實嬰兒沒有賺很多錢

but plenty of productions resort to using fake babies,

而且徵人過程聽起來也很麻煩

at least for part of the shoot.

有哪些其他的方案呢？

Hey!

我們來看看《美國狙擊手》

Tend to my daughter please, right now!

並非所有電影中的嬰兒都這麼假

It is quite common that you know they'll use fake babies for the far away scenes

但是很多製作單位都屈於使用假嬰兒

and then you know they'll hire a baby when they need a close up shot or a face shot.

至少在部分的拍攝是這樣

And there are robot babies out there that look pretty convincing.

喂！

And by convincing I mean terrifying.

現在就去照顧我女兒！

I never thought I'd use a Mandy Moore clip in one of my videos but here we go:

使用假嬰兒還蠻普遍的，長鏡頭會使用假的嬰兒

They have this one robotic baby.

然後需要近拍的時候，會去徵嬰兒

It's weird guys.

事實上，也有一些機器人嬰兒看起來蠻真實的

I have two very emotional scenes where I'm talking to a newborn in the hospital

也就是說，很恐怖

and I go to put my hand on the robotic baby

我從來沒有想過我竟然會在我的影片中使用曼蒂・摩兒的橋段，但我們來看看這段影片：

and it's like vibrating and like making these weird movements.

當時拍攝的時候有一個機器嬰兒

Babies on screen aren't going away anytime soon.

這真的很奇怪

So until producers find a cheap and easy CGI fix for the baby dilemma,

我當時有兩幕充滿情感的劇情，我在醫院裡和新生兒講話

it looks like they'll have to continue to work within the regulations that are set up.

我把手放在機器嬰兒身上

Or they'll cast demonic robot infants who will destroy us all.

然後它不停地震動，並做出這些怪異的動作