After Dr. Dean Ornish conquered our #1 killer, he moved on to killer #2.

狄恩‧歐寧胥醫師戰勝了 世界的首要死因──心臟病

What happens if you put cancer on a plant-based diet?

緊接著 挑戰第二位死因──癌症

Ornish and colleagues found that the progression of prostate cancer

純素飲食對癌症 有什麼影響呢

could be reversed with a plant-based diet and other healthy lifestyle behaviors.

歐寧胥醫師與他的團隊發現

And no wonder.

純素飲食及良好生活習慣

If you drip the blood of those eating the standard American diet

能逆轉攝護腺癌的病情

onto cancer cells growing in a Petri dish, cancer growth is cut down about 9%.

一點都不意外

But put people on a plant-based diet for a year, though, and their blood can do this.

典型美式飲食者的血液

The blood circulating within the bodies of those eating plant-based had nearly

滴入癌細胞增生的培養皿中

eight times the stopping power when it came to cancer cell growth.

癌細胞的增生率減少了9%

Now this was for prostate cancer, the leading cancer killer specific to men.

而為期一年純素者的血液

In women, it's breast cancer, the #1 cancer killer of young women.

卻能有如此的成效──

So researchers wanted to repeat the study with women using breast cancer cells instead.

其血液抑制癌細胞生長的能力

But they didn't want to wait a whole year to get the results.

是另一組的八倍

Women are dying now.

以上實驗是針對 男性癌症排行第一的攝護腺癌

So they figured, let's see what a plant- based diet could do after just two weeks

而女性癌症 排行第一的則是乳癌

against three different types of human breast cancer.

專家們以同樣的 方式測試在女性身上

Cancer growth started out powering away at 100%

換為乳癌細胞

and then dropped after eating a plant-based diet for 14 days.

但不再測試一年

Here's the before picture.

畢竟病患正飽受折磨

A layer of breast cancer cells is laid down in a Petri dish,

因此研究人員 針對三種類型的乳癌

and then blood from women eating the standard American diet is dripped on them,

觀察僅兩週的 純素飲食對人體有何作用

and as you can see, even the blood of women eating pretty poor diets

癌細胞的增生率

has some ability to break down cancer.

由原先的100%

But after just two weeks eating healthy, blood was drawn from those same women —

經14天純素飲食後下降了

so they acted as their own controls, same women, two weeks later,

此為受測前的照片

their blood dripped on a new carpet of breast cancer cells, and this is all that's left.

以典型美式飲食者的血液

Just a few individual cancer cells remained.

滴入乳癌細胞的培養皿內

Their bodies cleaned up!

如你所見

Before and after, just two weeks eating healthy.

即便如此不良的飲食

Their bloodstream became that much more hostile to cancer.

人體仍有些微 抵抗癌細胞的作用

Slowing down the growth of cancer cells is nice,

但僅僅兩週的健康飲食

but getting rid of them is even better.

再抽出相同實驗女性的血液

This is what's called apoptosis, programmed cell death.

即實驗對象本身為對照組

After eating healthy, their own bodies were able to somehow reprogram

僅兩週後把同一人的血液

the cancer cells, forcing them into early retirement.

滴入新一層的乳癌細胞中

This is what's called "TUNEL Imaging," measuring DNA fragmentation, cell death.

最後只剩下這些 (右)

So dying cancer cells show up as little white spots.

少許殘存的癌細胞

So again, this is the before, what the blood of your average woman can do

體內大掃除

to breast cancer cells. She can knock off a few.

(吃純素前)

You can see one dying cancer cell there in the upper left.

(吃純素後)

But then after 14 days of healthy plant- based living her blood can do this.

僅兩週健康的純素飲食 (吃純素後)

It's like you're an entirely different person inside!

血液的抗癌能力就大幅提升

The same blood now coursing through these womens' bodies

減緩癌細胞的增生是件好事

gained the power to significantly slow down and stop breast cancer cell growth

但能根除癌細胞更完美

after just two weeks eating a plant-based diet.

這種作用稱為「凋亡」── 一種「細胞程序性死亡」

What kind of blood do we want in our body?

透過健康的飲食

What kind of immune system?

人體能自行調控癌細胞提早死亡

Do we want blood that just kind of rolls over when new cancer cells pop up,

此圖為「TUNEL檢測」的結果

or do we want blood circulating to every nook and cranny in our body

量測因細胞凋亡而片段化的DNA

with the power to slow down and stop it?

白點代表凋亡的癌細胞

Now this dramatic strengthening of cancer defenses was after 14 days

同樣的 這是測試前

of a plant-based diet and exercise.

一般女性的血液 仍然能稍微抵抗些癌細胞

They had these women out walking 30 to 60 minutes a day.

如圖左上方所示 有一個凋亡的癌細胞

Well, if you do two things, how do you know what role the diet played?

但過了14天健康的純素生活後

So researchers decided to put it to the test.

她的血液煥然一新(右)

This is measuring cancer cell clearance.

就像體內住著截然不同的人

This is what we saw before, the effect of blood taken from those

如今實驗對象體內 雖流著相同的血液

who ate a plant-based diet (in this case for an average of 14 years)

卻有了顯著的力量 減緩並遏止癌細胞增生

along with mild exercise — just like out walking every day.

只是實行了兩週的純素飲食

Plant-based diet and walking — that's the kind of cancer cell clearance you get.

我們希望體內是哪種血液

Compare that to the cancer stopping power

哪種免疫系統

of your average sedentary American, which is basically nonexistent.

我們希望血液 對剛形成的癌細胞拱手投降嗎

This middle group, though, instead of 14 years on a plant-based diet,

還是流經體內各處 並具有抑制癌症的能力

had 14 years of a standard American diet —

以上的抗癌神力

but 14 years of daily, strenuous, hour-long exercise, like calisthenics.

是藉14天純素飲食

The researchers wanted to know if you exercise hard enough,

再搭配運動的成效

if you exercise long enough, can you rival some strolling plant-eaters over there?

研究人員要求 實驗對象每天步行30~60分鐘

And the answer is exercise helped, no question.

然而同時做這兩件事

But literally 5,000 hours in the gym was no match for a plant-based diet.

要如何得知飲食扮演何種角色

Same TUNEL Imaging as before — even if you are a couch potato

於是研究人員決定以此來實驗

eating fried potatoes, your body's not totally defenseless.

這是癌細胞清除量的比較

Your bloodstream can kill off a few cancer cells.

我們剛剛看過了 純素飲食者的血液療效

But exercise for 5,000 hours, and you can kill cancer cells left and right.

此次實驗對象 平均為14年的純素者

But nothing appears to kick more cancer tush than a plant based diet.

並有固定在做輕度的運動 大約是每天外出步行的強度

We think it's because of animal proteins— meat, egg white, and dairy proteins—

純素飲食加上步行

increase the level of IGF-1 in our bodies.

能清除的癌細胞數量是這樣

Insulin-like Growth Factor-1 is a cancer-promoting growth hormone

另一個對照組

involved in the acquisition and progression of malignant tumors.

是一般久坐型的美國女性

Here's the experiment that really nailed IGF-1 as the villain.

基本上她們對癌症沒什麼抵抗力

Same as last time — go on a plant-based diet.

中間這組人呢

Cancer-cell growth drops, and cancer-cell death shoots up.

相對於14年的純素飲食

But then here's the kicker.

她們吃了14年典型美式飲食

What if you added back to the cancer just the amount of IGF-1 banished

但是外加14年 天天努力地運動一小時以上

from your body because you started eating healthier?

譬如徒手健身的強度

It effectively erases the "diet and exercise" effect.

研究人員想知道

It's like you never started eating healthy at all.

長期高強度運動的人

So the reason one of the largest prospective studies on diet and cancer

能否擊敗隨意閒晃的草食者

found the incidence of all cancers combined was lower

公佈答案

among those eating more plant-based,

運動無疑有幫助

may be because they eat less animal protein,

但泡在健身房裡五千個小時

less meat, egg-white and dairy protein,

依然不敵純素飲食

so end up with less IGF-1, which means less cancer growth.

這是剛才的 「TUNEL檢測」圖

How much less cancer?

即使整天窩在家看韓劇吃薯片

Middle-aged men and women with high protein intakes

人體並非毫無招架之力

had a 75% increase in overall mortality

血液仍然能消滅幾個癌細胞

and a 4-fold increase in the risk of dying specifically from cancer —

至於運動五千個小時

but not all proteins, specifically animal protein,

能剷除多一點

which makes sense, given the higher IGF-1 levels.

不過沒有什麼能比 純素飲食殲滅更多癌細胞了

The academic institution sent out a press release with a memorable opening line,

我們推測是由於 動物性蛋白——肉 蛋白 奶蛋白

"That chicken wing you're eating could be as deadly as a cigarette,"

會提高體內IGF-1的濃度

explaining that eating a diet rich in animal proteins during middle age

所謂的IGF-1 第一型類胰島素生長因子

makes you four times more likely to die from cancer —

是一種增進癌細胞生長的荷爾蒙

a mortality risk factor comparable to smoking cigarettes.

涉及惡性腫瘤的罹患及其漸進

What was the response to the revelation that diets

有一個實驗 證實IGF-1的確是罪魁禍首

high in meat, eggs and dairy could be as harmful to health as smoking?

與之前一樣

Well, one nutrition scientist replied that it was potentially dangerous to compare

純素飲食能降低 癌細胞增生 增加癌細胞死亡

the effects of smoking with the effects of meat and dairy.

然而奇怪的事來了

Why?

若把改善飲食所排除的IGF-1

Because a smoker might think, "Why bother quitting smoking

再添加至原本的癌細胞中

if my ham and cheese sandwich is just as bad for me?"

IGF-1立即消除了 飲食和運動的效果

(So better not to tell anyone about the whole animal protein thing).

就像飲食從未改善過

That reminds me of a famous Philip Morris cigarette ad

因此一項大型前瞻性的研究

that tried to downplay the risks by saying,

探討飲食與癌症的關聯

"Hey, you think secondhand smoke is bad (increasing the risk of lung cancer 19%).

發現食用越多蔬果的人

Well, hey, drinking one or two glasses of milk every day

罹患各種癌症的機率越低

may be three times as bad (62% higher risk of lung cancer).

也許是因為他們 攝取較少的動物性蛋白

Or doubling your risk frequently cooking with oil,

較少肉 蛋白 奶蛋白

or tripling your risk of heart disease by eating non-vegetarian,

結論便是 IGF-1濃度越低 越不易誘發癌症

or multiplying your risk six-fold by eating lots of meat and dairy."

癌症誘發率能降低多少呢

"So," they conclude, "let's keep some perspective here!

中年人食用過多蛋白質

The risk of lung cancer from secondhand smoke

總體死亡率提高75%

may be well below that of other everyday activities."

尤其死於癌症的風險則是4倍

So, breathe deep.

不過並非套用於所有的蛋白質

That's like saying, "Don't worry about getting stabbed,

只有動物性蛋白會如此

because getting shot's so much worse."

這很合理

Uh, how about neither? Two risks don't make a right.

因為動物性蛋白 會增加IGF-1的濃度

Of course you know Phillip Morris stopped throwing dairy under the bus

曾有一則學術機構發佈的新聞稿

once they purchased Kraft foods. Just sayin' . . .

開場白令人印象深刻