They're one of the best ways for you to improve listening comprehension and learn tricks to sound more natural

它們是你提高聽力理解力和學習技巧的最佳方法之一，讓你聽起來更自然。

when speaking English, like using specific reductions.

說英語時，比如使用特定的還原。

This January, you're getting five all new Ben Franklin videos

今年一月，你將獲得五個全新的本-富蘭克林視頻。

where we do a full analysis of real American English conversations.

在這裡，我們對真實的美式英語對話進行全面分析。

Today's topic, dinner at a friend's house.

今天的主題，在朋友家吃飯。

Let's get started with this analysis. First, the whole conversation.

我們先來分析一下。首先，整個對話。

The sauce is on the table. So we've got eggs and the rice.

醬料已經上桌了。所以我們有雞蛋和米飯。

And usually the som tum would, would have sticky rice with it,

通常som tum會，會有糯米與它。

but I couldn't quite imagine eating this, with, without this kind of rice.

但我無法想象吃這個，有，沒有這種飯。

So I, we just went with it. Fluffy jasmine.

所以，我，我們就順著它。蓬鬆的茉莉花。

Ollie, what do you think of the food?

奧利，你覺得食物怎麼樣？

It's definitely on point.

這絕對是點到為止。

Now, the analysis.

現在，分析一下。

The sauce is on the table. So we've got eggs and the rice.

醬料已經上桌了。所以我們有雞蛋和米飯。

The sauce is on the table.

醬料已經上桌了。

What do you think are the two most stressed words there?

你認為那裡最強調的兩個字是什麼？

I hear 'sauce' and 'table'.

我聽到'醬'和'表'。

The stressed syllable of 'table'.

'表'的強調音節。

The sauce is on the table. The sauce is on the table. The sauce is on the table.

醬料在桌子上。 醬料就在桌子上 醬料在桌子上。

The other word just said very quickly. The word 'the' pronounced with the schwa:

另一個字剛才說得很快。'該'字的發音帶分音符。

the— the— the— the— the—

的 - 的 - 的 - 的 - 的

Said really quickly, low in pitch, less clear. It's not 'the' but: the— the— the—

說得真快，音調低，不太清楚。不是'the'，而是：the-the-the-the-。

This is how we pronounce function words in conversation.

這就是我們在對話中功能詞的發音。

The less important words.

不太重要的話。

This provides contrast with the stress words

這與強調的詞語形成了對比

which we want to be clear and longer and have an up-down shape of stress intonation in the voice.

其中，我們希望聲音清晰，時間較長，聲音中的壓力音有一個上下的形狀。

The sauce— the sauce— is on the— is on the—

醬汁... 醬汁... 在...

The sauce is on the table. The sauce is on the table. The sauce is on the table.

醬料在桌子上。醬料就在桌子上醬料在桌子上。

These three words linked together very quickly.

這三個字很快就連在一起了。

The ending Z sound links into the vowel: is— is on the—

結尾Z音連成元音：is-是在-上。

the N consonant goes right into the TH sound with no break,

N輔音直接進入TH音，沒有中斷。

and again the word 'the' pronounced with the schwa very quickly.

而且又是'the'字的發音，用分音符非常快。

Is on the— is on the— is on the—

是在... 是在... 是在...

So it's not: is on the— all of those are stressed and that's not right,

所以它不是：是在------所有這些都是強調的，這是不對的。

but it's: is on the— is on the— is on the— is on the—

但它是： 是在上 是在上 是在上 是在上

A little mumbled, a little bit less clear, because they are function words.

有點喃喃自語，有點不太清楚，因為它們是功能詞。

'Sauce' and 'table', the two content words, are longer.

'醬'和'表'，這兩個內容詞，比較長。

And all of the words and all of the sounds flow together smoothly with no jumps and pitch and no choppiness.

而且所有的字和所有的音都流暢地流淌在一起，沒有跳躍和音調，沒有顫音。

The sauce is on the table.

醬料已經上桌了。

The sauce is on the table. The sauce is on the table. The sauce is on the table.

醬料在桌子上。醬料就在桌子上醬料在桌子上。

So we've got eggs and the rice.

所以我們有雞蛋和米飯。

So we've got eggs and the rice.

所以我們有雞蛋和米飯。

Okay, what is the most stressed there?

好，那裡最強調的是什麼？

'Eggs' and 'rice'.

'蛋'和'米'。

Both longer than the rest of the words.

都比其餘的詞長。

So we've got the— So we've got the—

所以我們已經得到了... 所以我們已經得到了...

So we've got the— So we've got the— So we've got the—

所以我們已經得到了... 所以我們已經得到了... 所以我們已經得到了...

So we've got the— So we've got the— So we've got the—

所以我們已經得到了... 所以我們已經得到了... 所以我們已經得到了...

The vowel here is almost dropped, it's almost like we're just linking the S sound in.

這裡的元音幾乎被丟掉了，這幾乎就像我們只是把S音連接在一起。

So we've got the— so we've got the— so we've got the—

所以我們已經得到了... 所以我們已經得到了... 所以我們已經得到了...

That helps to say this word more quickly in this string of words that are said so quickly.

這有助於在這一連串的詞語中，更快地說出這個詞語。

So you've got the very quick V sound before the G

所以在G音之前，你已經得到了非常快速的V音。

then we have a stop T.

那麼我們就有一個停止T。

So we don't say: got the— got the—

所以我們不說：有了... 有了...

with a true T, but we say: got the— got the— got the—

用真T，但我們說：得到了-得到了-得到了-得到了-。

where we stop the air really quickly in the throat.

在那裡，我們停止空氣真的很快在喉嚨。

This symbolizes the stop T.

這象徵著停止T。

The word 'the' here she pronounces it with the schwa.

這裡的 "the "字她用分音符發音。

The rule is that if the next word begins with a vowel sound, like this word,

規則是，如果下一個單詞以元音開頭，比如這個單詞。

that the E in 'the' is pronounced as the EE as in She sound. The— the— the—

"the "中的 "E "讀作 "EE"，如 "She "音。The- the- the- the- the-

But I've noticed that this is not a rule that Americans necessarily follow all the time.

但我注意到，這不是美國人一定要一直遵守的規則。

The— the— the eggs— the eggs—

蛋... 蛋... 蛋...

She says it with the schwa. It still sounds normal.

她說這句話的時候用的是分音符。聽起來還是很正常的。

Nobody would hear that and think she mispronounced 'the'.

沒有人會聽到這句話，認為她唸錯了 "the"。

Eggs— Eggs— Eggs and the rice—

雞蛋 雞蛋 雞蛋和米飯

And the rice— and the rice—

還有大米和大米

'And' and 'the' between the two content words, we have two more function words which will be said more quickly.

'而'和'the'這兩個內容詞之間，我們還有兩個功能詞，會說得更快。

The word 'and' is reduced: and the— and the— and the—

'和'字減去：和the-和the-和the-和the-。

We drop the vowel, put it into the schwa vowel instead.

我們把元音去掉，放到分音符裡代替。

We drop the D altogether.

我們完全放棄D。

So schwa N. You don't need to try to make a schwa sound.

所以schwa N，你不需要嘗試發出schwa音。

It just gets absorbed by the N. Just make the N.

它只是被N吸收了，只是讓N。

Eggs and the— eggs and— eggs and— eggs and the rice— and the rice—

雞蛋，雞蛋，雞蛋，雞蛋，雞蛋，大米，大米。

And the— and the— and the— and the— and the—

還有... 還有... 還有... 還有...

eggs and the rice— eggs and the rice— eggs and the rice—

雞蛋和大米 雞蛋和大米 雞蛋和大米

Making this reduction helps us say this word really quickly and we want to do that because it's not

做出這樣的還原，可以幫助我們快速的說出這個詞，我們要做到這一點，因為它不是

an important word, it's a function word. Those are less important.

一個重要的詞，它是一個功能詞。這些都不太重要。

The more important words are the content words

比較重要的詞是內容詞

and we want the stressed syllable of the content words to be longer.

而我們希望內容詞的強調音節要長一些。

For example: rice— and the rice—

比如：稻穀和大米

and the— and the— and the—

和... 和... 和...

Those two words said much more faster than 'rice'

這兩個字比 "米 "字說得快多了

where we take a little bit more time and we have the up-down shape of stress.

在這裡，我們需要更多的時間，我們有壓力的上下形狀。

And the rice—

還有大米

And the rice— And the rice— And the rice—

稻穀 稻穀 稻穀 稻穀

And usually the som tum would, would have sticky rice with it.

通常som tum會，會有糯米與它。

And usually— So here, she doesn't reduce the vowel. She keeps the full vowel but she does drop the D.

通常... 所以在這裡，她不會減少元音。她保留了完整的元音，但她沒有去掉D。

We almost never say the D unless we're thinking or holding out the word 'and' for some reason.

我們幾乎從來不會說D，除非我們因為某種原因在想或憋出'和'字。

Usually— us—

通常我們...

The stressed syllable there.

強調的音節有。

Usually the som tum would—

通常som tum會-

is the most stressed syllable of the sentence.

是該句中最強調的音節。

And usually—

而且通常...

usually— usually— usually—

通常-通常-通常-通常-

Usually— So this word can be pronounced as four syllables: usually—

Usually- 所以這個詞可以讀成四個音節：usually-。

or more commonly, three syllables and that's what she does:

或者更常見的是，三個音節，這就是她的工作。

usually— usually— usually— usually—

通常-通常-通常-通常-通常-

Usually-- yoo--

通常... 喲...

So the JU as in Few diphthong stressed, usual—

所以JU如少雙音重音，平常-。

The djz sound, schwa L, it's just a dark L sound. Usually—

djz音，schwa L，它只是一個暗L音。通常-

And the ending IH vowel: usually— usually—

而結尾IH元音：通常-通常-。

It's easier to pronounce this word as three syllables than four

這個詞讀成三個音節比讀成四個音節要容易得多

so I suggest that you practice it this way and use this pronunciation: usually—

所以我建議你這樣練習，用這個發音：通常--。

usually— usually— usually the som tum would have sticky rice with it.

通常--通常--通常som tum會有糯米與它。

The som tum— 'The' said quickly with the schwa,

The som tum--'The'用分音符快速說。

then we have a couple words that are a little bit more stressed.

然後我們有幾個詞是比較強調的。

Of course this is not English, this is Thai, she's making a Thai dessert, I'm sorry a Thai salad here.

當然這不是英文，這是泰語，她做的是泰式甜點，對不起這裡是泰式沙拉。

The word 'would', L is always silent.

這個 "會 "字，L總是沉默的。

Usually the som tum would have sticky rice with it—

通常，som tum會有糯米飯與它--。

would have sticky rice with it—

會有糯米與它 -

would have sticky rice with it—

會有糯米與它 -

So 'stick' the most stressed syllable there. Again, there's no L sound in the word 'would'.

所以'貼'最強調的音節在那裡。同樣，'會'字裡沒有L音。

Would have— would have— would have sticky rice with it—

會有--會有--會有糯米飯與它--。

Would have— would have— would have sticky rice with it—

會有--會有--會有糯米飯與它--。

A Stop T at the end of 'it'

在 "它 "的結尾處加上 "T"。

so we stop the air in our throat: it- it- it- it-

所以我們把空氣停在喉嚨裡：它-它-它-它-它-它--

and this abrupt end signifies the T.

而這個戛然而止的結局標誌著T。

Everything in this phrase is smoothly linked together.

這句話中的一切都順利地聯繫在一起。

The D goes right into the H sound.

D直接進入H音。

She could have dropped to the H but she didn't. Would have— would have—

她本可以降到H，但她沒有。本可以... 本可以...

The V sounds smoothly right into the ST cluster,

V的聲音很順暢地直接進入ST群。

the EE vowel right into the R, the S sound right next to the W.

EE元音直接進入R，S音緊挨著W。

Rice with— rice with—

米飯與米飯與

And the ending TH links right into the beginning vowel IH: with it— with it— with it—

而結尾TH正好連接到開頭元音IH：with it-with it-with it-with it-。

would have a sticky rice with it—

會有一個糯米與它 -

would have a sticky rice with it— would have a sticky rice with it— would have a sticky rice with it—

會有一個糯米與它 會有一個糯米與它 會有一個糯米與它 會有一個糯米與它

But I couldn't quite imagine eating this—

但我無法想象吃這個... ...

But I couldn't quite imagine eating this—

但我無法想象吃這個... ...

'This' the most stressed as she is pointing to something.

'這個'最強調，因為她指的是什麼。

But I couldn't quite imagine eating this—

但我無法想象吃這個... ...

So she puts a little break here between 'but' and 'I'.

所以她在 "但是 "和 "我 "之間放了一個小斷點。

If she didn't, she would have flapped the T: but I couldn't— but I— but I couldn't—

如果她不這樣做，她就會扇T：但我不能--但我--但我不能--。

Since she doesn't, she puts a break separating these into two thought groups. We have a stop T: but I couldn't—

由於她沒有，她把一個斷點把這些抽成兩個思想組。我們有一個停止T：但我不能--。

but I couldn't—

但我不能...

but I couldn't— but I couldn't— but I couldn't quite imagine eating this

但我不能... ... 但我不能... ... 但我不能完全想象吃這個...

couldn't quite— couldn't quite—

不能放棄不能放棄

You can link the ending N right into the K sound while dropping the T. Couldn't quite— couldn't quite—

你可以把結尾的N直接連接到K音中，同時去掉T音，不能退出，不能退出。

Or you can make a little stop in your throat: couldn't quite— couldn't quite— to signify the T there.

或者你可以在喉嚨裡做一個小停頓：不能退出--不能退出--來表示那裡的T。

Either one is okay, and just like with 'would', the L in 'could' is silent.

兩種都可以，就像'會'一樣，'能'中的L是無聲的。

Both of these have the UH as in Push vowel. Would— could— couldn't--

這兩個都有UH作為推元音。Would- could- couldn't--

but I couldn't quite imagine eating this

但我無法想象吃這個

but I couldn't quite imagine eating this

但我無法想象吃這個

Quite imagine— quite imagine— Here we have an ending T sound

相當想象--相當想象--這裡有一個結尾的T音

linking into beginning vowel sound

連讀

and because the sound before the T was also a vowel or diphthong, it becomes a flap

而由於T前的音也是元音或雙元音，所以變成了瓣音。

which sounds like the D in American English.

這聽起來像美式英語中的D。

It might sound like the R in your language, depending on the language.

可能聽起來像你們語言中的R，這取決於語言。

Quite imagine— quite— The tongue just flaps once against the roof of the mouth:

相當想象--退出-- 舌頭只是對著嘴頂拍了一次。

Quite imagine—

很有想象力

Quite imagine— quite imagine— quite imagine eating this—

相當想象... 相當想象... 相當想象吃這個...

quiet imagine eating—

靜靜地想象著吃

Another flap T here, because it comes between two vowel sounds. Eating— eating this--

這裡還有一個翻轉的T，因為它在兩個元音之間。吃--吃這個--

Quite imagine eating this— Quite imagine eating this— Quite imagine eating this—

相當想象吃這個 相當想象吃這個 相當想象吃這個

with, without this kind of rice.

與，沒有這種米。

with, without--

有，沒有 --

So she repeats herself, with,

於是，她重複著自己，與。

she starts the word without, she pauses while she's thinking, then she says the full word: without— without—

她開始說 "沒有 "這個詞，她在思考的時候停頓了一下，然後她說了完整的詞：沒有--沒有--。

Stop T at the end because the next word begins with a consonant.

因為下一個單詞的開頭是輔音，所以在結尾處停頓T。

This kind of rice—

這種米飯

'This' again, a little bit stressed because we're comparing. This—

'這個'又有點強調，因為我們在比較。這個...

This kind of rice with that kind of rice.

這種飯配那種飯。

Because it's the word that we're using to compare: this, that, those, these.

因為我們是用這個詞來比較：這個、那個、那些、這些。

It's a little stressed.

它的壓力有點大。

This kind of rice.

這種米。

This kind of rice. This kind of rice. This kind of rice.

這種米。這種米。這種米。

kind of rice. kind of rice.

飯的種類。

The word 'of' often pronounced without a consonant but I do hear a light V sound here.

'的'這個詞經常沒有輔音，但我在這裡確實聽到了一個淡淡的V音。

However, the word is said quickly: kind of rice— of- of- of- of-

不過，這個詞說得很快：種飯的--的--的--的--的--。

It's a function word, it's not as important as the content words like 'this' and 'rice'.

這是一個功能詞，它沒有'這個'、'米'等內容詞那麼重要。

So it's a little bit more mumbled. It's said very quickly.

所以就比較木訥了。說得很快。

Kind of rice.

樣的米。

Kind of rice. Kind of rice. Kind of rice.

飯的種類。 飯的種類。 飯的種類。

Rice. Rice. Her intonation goes up a little bit at the end because she's going to keep going.

米飯。米飯。她的音調在最後會上升一點，因為她要繼續前進。

Making the intonation of her voice go up is a signal to us that she's not finished her sentence yet.

讓她聲音的語調提高，是給我們一個信號，她還沒有把話說完。

Rice. Rice. Rice.

米飯。 米飯。 米飯。

So I, we. Just went with it.

所以我，我們。就順其自然了。

So I, we. Just went with it.

所以我，我們。就順其自然了。

So why-- she changes her mind, decides to say something different, we just went with it.

那為什麼... 她改變了主意 決定說些不同的東西 我們就這麼做了？

This is the end of her thought and at the end of her thought, her voice trails off a little bit

這是她思想的終點，而在她思想的終點，她的聲音也有點小聲了

and we get a little bit less air in it.

而我們得到的空氣就會少一點。

So the last word sounds like this: went with it-- went with it--

所以最後一個詞聽起來是這樣的：順其自然--順其自然--。

We just went with it. We just went with it. We just went with it.

我們只是去與它。我們只是去與它。我們只是去與它。

This is called a popcorn quality and it comes in a lot at the ends of phrases in American English.

這就是所謂的爆米花品質，在美式英語中，它經常出現在短語的結尾。

So we just went with it.

所以我們就順其自然了。

Let's talk about the pronunciation of 'we just went with it'.

我們來談談'我們就這樣走了'的發音。

We have an ST cluster followed by a consonant. In this case, we almost always drop the T sound. She does.

我們有一個ST群，後面是一個輔音。在這種情況下，我們幾乎總是放棄T音。她是這樣的。

So instead of: just went— It's: just went— just went— just went—

所以，代替：剛去--是：剛去--剛去--剛去--。

Right from the S sound into the W sound.

就從S音進入W音。

We just went with it. We just went with it. We just went with it.

我們只是去與它。我們只是去與它。我們只是去與它。

Went. Went with it. Went with it.

去了。去了。隨它去了。

Stop sound, we have a nasal N sound which we stopped in the throat: went. Went. Went.

停音，我們有一個鼻音N音，我們停在喉嚨裡：去了。去了，去了。去了。

That signifies the stop T. With it.

這標誌著停止T，與它。

Everything links together. T links into the IH vowel and we have another stop T because it's a T at the end of a phrase.

一切都聯繫在一起。T連接到IH元音，我們還有一個停頓T，因為它是一個T在一個短語的結尾。

We just went with it.

我們只是順著它。

We just went with it. We just went with it. We just went with it.

我們只是去與它。我們只是去與它。我們只是去與它。

The phrase 'to go with something' means to go ahead with something, with an idea, or with the situation,

'順勢而為'這句話的意思是說要順著某件事情、某個想法或形勢去做。

even if it's not what you originally imagined.

即使它不是你最初想象的那樣。

So she's saying this is not the kind of rice she would usually imagine with this dish,

所以她說這不是她平時想象中的飯菜與這道菜的搭配。

but because of another dish, she decided to just go with it.

但因為另一道菜，她決定就這樣去做。

We just went with it, she says.

她說，我們只是順其自然。

We just went with it.

我們只是順著它。

It shows flexibility, being able to 'go with the flow', to use another idiom.