you had to connect to the internet using dial-up, information traveled slowly.

Pages took forever to load and watching this video would have been impossible.

Today's internet is a completely different creature, which is why it's so

puzzling that the last time Congress passed a major legislation for

regulating the internet, it was 1996. And so the task of regulating the Internet

has fallen to five unelected bureaucrats: the Federal Communications Commission.

As the tools we use to access the Internet have changed, they've had to decide what

kinds of rules the companies that provide those tools should have to

follow. And now under a new commissioner appointed by President Trump the FCC has

altered those rules in a way that could fundamentally change how we use the Internet.

Take a deep breath. This decision will

not break the Internet. This decision puts the Federal Communications

Commission on the wrong side of history. It creates a free-for-all, that we have

not had on the Internet in the past and that's very very dangerous. It's gonna be f****d.

What we're seeing here is the cable-ization of the Internet. This is a dark

day for innovation, this is a dark day for small business, it is a dark day for

consumers. First, let's define what most people mean when they talk about Net

Neutrality. A good working consensus model that most would agree with is the

idea that Internet Service Providers should treat all traffic more or less

the same on their network. This means the companies whose wires and towers we use

to access the Internet, can't block or slow down data from

certain sites or apps. They can't make special deals to move certain data along

faster than everybody else's. Internet content providers like Facebook, Google,

and Netflix - they love Net Neutrality because it means that even if some of

their products, like streaming this video for example, take up a lot more bandwidth

than others like email, Internet Service Providers can't charge them extra for

getting all that data to our phones and computers. Which is exactly why ISPs like

Comcast Verizon and AT&T hate it. If they could charge Netflix and YouTube

extra for those big packets of data, they could make a lot of money and now that

the FCC has scrapped the net neutrality rules they almost certainly will. ISPs

will also be able to charge customers more to access sites or apps that take

up more bandwidth. And some argue this will mean more choices for consumers.

My sense is this will be fantastic, right because my daughter chews through

my Verizon data cap every month and all she ever does is Instagram. So if I could

pay like 20 bucks and get her a phone that I can text with her and talk with

her, but would allow her to use Instagram and get her off my standard data plan

that would be great. But by privileging established tools like Instagram, these

plans could make it a lot harder for new ones to break through. It's a time when

more than ever we want to encourage and keep open a playing field for new

services, new platforms, to be able to get in the game and provide a real

alternative. I mean imagine a world in which we were

all still stuck with MySpace. I don't think, you know, that's what we want, but

Net Neutrality is part of why that's not what we have. Until 2005 Internet Service

Providers were classified as common carriers which meant the FCC could

regulate them like phone companies. In the Internet's early days these

regulations kept phone companies from charging customers extra for using

dial-up services like AOL and when phone companies started offering DSL broadband

service over their lines, common carrier rules force them to let their

competitors use those lines too. Which meant consumers had tons of choices when

it came to picking an Internet Service Provider.

A 2003 page from the Washington Post lists 18 different DSL options for the

Washington, D.C. region. Today, residents have less than half as many

choices. So what happened? In 2005 the FCC did the same thing it did in 2017. It

said ISPs weren't common carriers and it stopped regulating them like phone

companies and without that regulation ISPs became virtual monopolies. Today,

two-thirds of Americans live in areas with just one choice for high-speed

Internet. And if their ISPs start blocking,

slowing down, or charging more as a result of this rule change, their options

are to put up with it or go without the Internet. Despite the fact that

majorities of both Republican and Democratic voters support Net Neutrality,

it doesn't look like Congress or the FCC will be bringing it back anytime soon.