Name: 外國人研究中國字2Part 2A- Traditional Chinese Teaching Methodology
Uploaded: 2013-08-11T15:13:36.000Z
Duration: 7 min 13 s

In the previous video we discussed how Chinese characters work.

在上一個影片中， 我們已經討論過中文字是如何形成的了，

未來進行式

we'll be explaining the traditional methodology used for teaching

Chinese characters to both native speakers and foreign learners.

跟外國人中文字的傳統教學方法。

接著會介紹使用這種傳統方法學習時

frustrations that arise from using this traditional approach

and examine the cause of these frustrations.

After that, we'll let you in on a little secret that will show you how to

quickly learn copious amounts of Chinese characters

When growing up in a native speaking environment,

Before they start writing Chinese characters they are first taught

在正式學中文字之前， 他們要先學拼音符號，

In Mainland China the students are taught the "pinyin" phonetic system,

在中國大陸，學生們學習"拼音"的發音系統，

and it uses the Roman alphabetic symbols: A - Z.

並且他們使用羅馬字母A-Z的符號來拼音。

In Taiwan, students use the "zhuyin" phonetic system,

在台灣，學生們使用"注音"的拼音系統，

which are the traditional Chinese phonetic symbols.

The "zhuyin" phonetic system is better known as "bo po mo fo".

"注音"拼音系統也稱做為"ㄅㄆㄇㄈ"。

the student is immediately "thrown into the deep end"

to being learning whole<b>  </b>Chinese characters.

the teacher will show the students how to write characters that have

老師會先教一些筆劃比較少的字

fewer strokes so that they can begin to learn the order of

write a big Chinese character on the blackboard.

然後在黑板上寫一個很大的中文字，

The teacher counts every time one stroke is finished.

老師在寫每一劃的時會大聲數出順序來，

the students follow along with their fingers in the air.

學生們便使用手指在空中跟著比畫。

After practicing this as a group for a few times,

the students then write the character in their practice books 10 times or so.

學生便在寫字簿裡練習寫這個字大約十次。

They will turn this in as homework and will be tested on the new character.

這是他們的回家作業， 且下次上課老師會考這個字。

If they make any mistakes on their homework or tests,

如果他們在寫作業或考試時寫錯了，

they will have to do "punishment writing",

which will require them to write the character over and over again.

學生必須重複寫這個字好幾次，

absolutely learns how to write the character and never forgets it.

學會寫這個字並且不會再忘記。

This teaching approach is called "rote memorization".

這種教學法稱做"死記硬背"法。

Before the little ones finish the first and second grades,

This is a very busy period in a 7-year-olds' life!

they will have already memorized 2500-2700 characters by rote -

他們已經記住2500到2700個中文字了，

about two-thirds of the most frequently used characters.

這大約是最常使用中文字的三分之二。

Also, at some point in the 5th or 6th grade

the teacher will have introduced the concept of "radicals".

"Radicals" are more accurately translated as

Now there's obviously a need for a dictionary of Chinese characters,

but it would have to work very differently from a western dictionary.

但是使用的方法跟西式的字典非常不同。

In a western dictionary words are listed alphabetically,

西式的字典是以字母順序排列的，

but since Chinese characters contain no letters to be organized by,

This led to the creation of an interesting cataloging system

that was based on the intrinsic "building block"

如果你還沒看中文字"積木"的造字方式，

you should watch the first video in this series:

你應該先看這個系列的第一部影片，

"A Thorough Introduction to How Chinese Characters Work".

most characters are formed by combining several simpler pictographs.

大多數的中文字都是由幾個 較小的象形部件組成的。

This "radical" cataloging system organizes Chinese characters

in the dictionary based on the smaller parts that they contain.

就是建立在中文字裡這些較小的部件上。

under one "radical section header" in the dictionary.

字典中其中一個"部首單元標題"裡。

For example, there is a section header for (木) "tree"

例如，在字典中"木"的單元裡，

and most Chinese characters that contain this pictograph

can be found under this section header in a dictionary.

含有"木"這個象形字的中文字。

Thus, if you encounter an unfamiliar Chinese character

所以，如果你看到一個不認識的字，

but you are able to recognize the "tree" radical within the unfamiliar character

但是你認得出字裡"木"這個部首，

you could go to the "tree" section of a Chinese dictionary to locate

那麼就可以翻到字典裡"木"的單元，

Then you could learn how to pronounce the character

然後你就可以學到這個字的發音

So as I was saying, when you're an older elementary school student

就像剛才說的，如果你是個國小六年級生，

who has already learned many characters that contain the radical (木) "tree",

你已經學了很多含有"木"部首的中文字，

"See, this part is 'tree' and it's a radical."

老師不先教部首的概念，是因為大多人認為

because it's assumed it would overwhelm the young student -

這對年紀小的孩子來說太難了，

they don't need to know what section header the characters

they are learning are classified under in a dictionary.

All they need to do is memorize how to write the whole character correctly

他們只需要記住如何正確地寫這個字

All emphasis is strictly placed on learning how to read and write

學校強調的重點是在學習如何讀和寫

<u>the characters they will need in their daily lives.

Foreign learners of Chinese are taught Chinese characters in pretty much the

的方式學中文字，像小學生一樣，

The difference is that very little time is spent in class on writing.

不同的是，他們在課堂上 練習寫字的時間少了很多，

Instead most students have a "character practice" book where

所以，大多數學生都有一本"生字簿"

they can trace Chinese characters to learn the correct stroke order.

It's a self-study endeavor wherein the student copies the stroke-by-stroke,

這幾乎是一種自我學習的方式，

line-swoop-slash illustrations presented in the workbook

學生跟著練習簿上的字， 一筆一劃的抄寫，

字幕列表影片播放

外國人研究中國字2Part 2A- Traditional Chinese Teaching Methodology

assume

pronunciation

approach

recognize