Name: 【TED】Shai Agassi：電動汽車的新生態系統（Shai Agassi: A new ecosystem for electric cars）。 (【TED】Shai Agassi: A new ecosystem for electric cars (Shai Agassi: A new ecosystem for electric cars))
Uploaded: 2021-01-14T07:03:38.000Z
Duration: 19 min 10 s

So how would you run a whole country without oil?

一個國家要是沒有石油會如何？

in the middle of a Davos afternoon about four years ago.

在達沃斯(瑞士)的一個下午突然想到的。

And I started playing with it more like a puzzle.

The original thought I had: this must be ethanol.

and found out you need the Amazon in your backyard in every country.

發現，每個國家都得要有亞馬遜雨林，才有辦法成功

About six months later I figured out it must be hydrogen,

半年後，我覺得氮氣是解決方式

until some scientist told me the unfortunate truth,

直到一些科學家告訴我這個不幸的事實，

So that is not going to be the path to go.

that actually if you could convert an entire country to electric cars,

in a way that is convenient and affordable,

Now I started this from a point of view that

it has to be something that scales en masse.

but how do you scale this so that it can become

something that is used by 99 percent of the population?

The thought that came to mind is that it needs to be as good

So one, it has to be more convenient than a car.

所以，第一：一定要比汽車方便

And two, it has be more affordable than today's cars.

第二：一定要比現在的車價便宜

Affordable is not a 40,000 dollar sedan, right?

Alright? That's not something that we can finance or buy today.

And convenient is not something that you drive for an hour and charge for eight.

而開車1小時需充電8小時可不叫方便

And so the thought that I started with was

how do you do this, still within the boundary

no time for science fair, no time for playing around with things

or waiting for the magic battery to show up.

How do you do it within the economics that we have today?

How do you do it from the power of the consumer up?

On a random visit to Tesla on some afternoon,

有次參觀特斯拉(Tesla美國電動車廠)時，

I actually found out that the answer comes

from separating between the car ownership

In a sense if you want to think about it this is the classic

you could actually answer the need for a convenient car

by creating a network before the cars show up.

First component is you charge the car whenever you stop --

第一部分：車停的時候，馬上充電

ends up that cars are these strange beasts that drive

for about two hours and park for about 22 hours.

If you drive a car in the morning and drive it back in the afternoon

如果早上開車出門，下午開車回家

the ratio of charge to drive is about a minute for a minute.

充電與開車比例是一分鐘比一分鐘

And so the first thought that came to mind is,

everywhere we park we have electric power.

Now it sounds crazy. But in some places around the world,

If you park your car and didn't plug in the heater,

如果停車的時候，沒插上暖風裝置

when you come back you don't have a car. It just doesn't work.

The second step of the infrastructure needs to take care

第二步就是，基礎建設需要做到

See we're bound by today's technology on batteries,

which is about 120 miles if you want to stay within

120 miles is a good enough range for a lot of people.

120英里對大部份人來說已經足夠

So what we added is a second element to our network,

You drive. You take your depleted battery out.

A full battery comes on. And you drive on.

You don't do it as a human being. You do it as a machine.

It looks like a car wash. You come into your car wash.

And a plate comes up, holds your battery, takes it out, puts it back in, and

所以將板子打開，電池取車，充電放入

within two minutes you're back on the road

and you had battery swap stations everywhere,

how often would you do it? And it ends up

that you'd do swapping less times than you stop at a gas station.

結果是，比你到加油站的數量還少

As a matter of fact, we added to the contract.

We said that if you stop to swap your battery more than 50 times a year

說明，如果你一年需要到充電站超過50次，

Then we looked at the question of the affordability.

We looked at the question, what happens when the battery is

我們研究，如果電池與車子分離

Everybody tells us batteries are so expensive.

What we found out, when you move from molecules to electrons,

我們發現，如果你從分子移到電子

We can go back to the original economics of the car and look at it again.

我們回到原本的汽車經濟情況，重新審視

The battery is not the gas tank, in a sense.

Remember in your car you have a gas tank.

【TED】Shai Agassi：電動汽車的新生態系統（Shai Agassi: A new ecosystem for electric cars）。 (【TED】Shai Agassi: A new ecosystem for electric cars (Shai Agassi: A new ecosystem for electric cars))

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【TED】Shai Agassi：電動汽車的新生態系統（Shai Agassi: A new ecosystem for electric cars）。 (【TED】Shai Agassi: A new ecosystem for electric cars (Shai Agassi: A new ecosystem for electric cars))

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