Name: 戴明PDCA週期 (Deming PDCA cycle)
Uploaded: 2021-01-14T07:02:59.000Z
Duration: 8 min 27 s

PD is an iterative four step management method used in business for the control and continuous improvement of processes and products.

PD 是一種迭代式四步管理方法，用於企業對流程和產品進行控制和持續改進。

It is also known as the Deming circle wheel Schwar cycle control circle cycle or plan A Euro.

它也被稱為戴明循環輪 施瓦循環控制循環或 A 歐元計劃。

The Adida stands for observation or as some versions say grasp the current condition.

阿迪達 "代表觀察，也有說法是 "把握現狀"。

This emphasis on an observation and current condition has currency with lean manufacturing Toyota production system literature, meaning the steps in each successive PD cycle are plan, establish the objectives and processes necessary to deliver results in accordance with the expected output by establishing output expectations.

這種對觀察和當前狀況的強調與精益生產豐田生產系統的文獻不謀而合，這意味著每個連續的 PD 週期的步驟都是計劃、建立目標和必要的流程，以通過建立產出預期來提供符合預期產出的結果。

The completeness and accuracy of the spec is also a part of the targeted improvement.

規範的完整性和準確性也是目標改進的一部分。

When possible start on a small scale to test possible effects, do implement the plan, execute the process, make the product collect data for charting and analysis in the following check and steps check study the actual results and compare against the expected results to ascertain any differences, look for deviation and implementation from the plan and also look for the appropriateness and completeness of the plan to enable the execution that is do charting data can make this much easier to see trends over several PDC cycles.

在可能的情況下，從小規模開始測試可能的效果，實施計劃，執行流程，製作產品，收集數據，以便在以下檢查和步驟中繪製圖表和進行分析 檢查 研究實際結果，並與預期結果進行比較，以確定任何差異，查找與計劃的偏差和執行情況，同時查找計劃的適當性和完整性，以便能夠執行，即繪製數據圖表，可以更容易地查看幾個 PDC 週期的趨勢。

And in order to convert the collected data into information information is what you need for the next step.

為了將收集到的數據轉化為資訊，下一步就需要資訊。

Act Act request corrective actions on significant differences between actual and planned results.

採取行動，要求對實際結果與計劃結果之間的重大差異采取糾正行動。

Analyze the differences to determine their root causes, determine where to apply changes that will include improvement of the process or product.

分析差異以確定其根本原因，確定應在哪些方面做出改變，包括改進流程或產品。

When a pass through these four steps does not result in the need to improve the scope to which PD is applied may be refined to plan and improve with more detail in the next iteration of the cycle or attention needs to be placed in a different stage of the process.

如果通過這四個步驟後仍未發現需要改進的地方，則可能需要在下一個循環迭代中對項目實施的範圍進行細化，以更詳細的方式進行規劃和改進，或者需要將注意力放在流程的另一個階段。

Note, some modern trainers now also refer to the A as adjust, this helps trainees to understand that the fourth step is more about adjusting, correcting the difference between the current state and the planned state.

注意，現在一些現代培訓師也把 A 稱為調整，這有助於學員理解第四步更多的是調整，糾正當前狀態與計劃狀態之間的差異。

Instead of thinking that the A is all about action and implementation stage about P DC was made popular by Dr W Edwards Deming, who is considered by many to be the father of modern quality control.

許多人認為愛德華茲-戴明博士是現代品質控制之父，而不是認為 "A "就是行動，"P "就是實施階段。

However, he always referred to it as the Schwarz cycle.

不過，他一直稱其為施瓦茨週期。

Later in Deming's career, he modified P DC to plan do study act because he felt the Czech emphasized inspection over analysis.

在戴明職業生涯的後期，他將 "P DC "修改為 "plan do study act"，因為他認為捷克語強調的是檢查而非分析。

The concept of P DC is based on the scientific method as developed from the work of Francis Bacon.

直流電的概念基於弗朗西斯-培根的科學方法。

The scientific method can be written as hypothesis.

A Euro evaluation or plan do and check Schwar described manufacture under control.

歐元評估或計劃做和檢查施瓦描述的控制下的製造。

A Euro as a three step process of specification, production and inspection.

歐洲盃是一個規範、生產和檢驗的三步過程。

He also specifically related this to the scientific method of hypothesis experiment and evaluation.

他還特別將其與假設、實驗和評估的科學方法聯繫起來。

Schwar says that the statistician must help to change the demand for goods by showing how to close up the tolerance range and to improve the quality of goods.

Schwar 說，統計學家必須通過說明如何縮小公差範圍和提高商品質量，幫助改變對商品的需求。

Clearly, Schwart intended the analyst to take action based on the conclusions of the evaluation according to Deming.

顯然，施瓦特希望分析師根據戴明的評估結論採取行動。

In the early 19 fifties, the Japanese participants shortened the steps to the.

19 世紀 50 年代初，日本參賽者將臺階縮短為......。

Deming preferred plan do study Act because study has connotations in English closer to Schwartz's intent than Czech, a fundamental principle of the scientific method and PD is iteration.

戴明更喜歡用計劃做研究法，因為研究在英語中的內涵比捷克語更接近施瓦茨的本意，而科學方法和PD的一個基本原則就是迭代。

Once a hypothesis is confirmed, executing the cycle again, will extend the knowledge further.

一旦假設得到證實，再次執行該循環將進一步擴展知識。

Repeating the PDC cycle can bring us closer to the goal.

重複 PDC 循環可以讓我們更接近目標。

Another fundamental function of PD is the hygienic separation of each phase for if not properly separated, measurements of effects due to various simultaneous actions, risk becoming confounded.

PD 的另一個基本功能是將每個階段衛生地分開，因為如果不適當地分開，對各種同時發生的作用所產生的影響的測量就有可能產生混淆。

PD is also known as a system for developing critical thinking at Toyota.

在豐田，PD 也被稱為培養批判性思維的系統。

This is also known as building people before building cars, Toyota and other lean companies proposed that an engaged problem solving work force using PD is better able to innovate and stay ahead of the competition through rigorous problem solving and the subsequent innovations, this also creates a culture of problem solvers using PD and creating a culture of critical thinkers in six Sigma programs, the PD cycle is called define measure, analyze, improve control.

這也被稱為先造人再造車，豐田和其他精益公司提出，使用PD解決問題的員工隊伍能夠更好地進行創新，並通過嚴格的問題解決和隨後的創新在競爭中保持領先，這也創造了一種使用PD解決問題的文化，並在六西格瑪項目中創造了一種批判性思考者的文化，PD循環被稱為定義、測量、分析、改進控制。

The iterative nature of the cycle must be explicitly added to the D A procedure.

必須在 D A 程序中明確添加循環反覆的性質。

Deming continually emphasized iterating towards an improved system.

Hence PD C should be repeatedly implemented in spirals of increasing knowledge of the system that converge on the ultimate goal.

是以，PD C 應反覆實施，螺旋式增加對系統的瞭解，並向最終目標靠攏。

Each cycle closer than the previous one can envision an open coil spring with each loop being one cycle of the scientific method and each complete cycle indicating an increase in our knowledge of the system under study.

每一個循環都比前一個循環更接近，可以設想一個開放式螺旋彈簧，每一個循環都是科學方法的一個循環，而每一個完整的循環都表明我們對所研究系統的瞭解在增加。

This approach is based on the belief that our knowledge and skills are limited but improving, especially at the start of a project.

這種方法基於這樣一種信念，即我們的知識和技能是有限的，但在不斷提高，尤其是在項目開始時。

Key information may not be known the PD A Euro scientific method.

PD A 歐洲科學方法可能不知道關鍵資訊。

A Euro provides feedback to justify our guesses and increase our knowledge rather than enter analysis paralysis to get it perfect.

歐洲盃提供反饋，證明我們的猜測是正確的，並增加我們的知識，而不是陷入分析癱瘓，以求完美。

The first time, it is better to be approximately right than exactly wrong with the improved knowledge.

第一次，近似正確總比知識提高後完全錯誤要好。

We may choose to refine or alter the goal.

我們可以選擇完善或改變目標。

Certainly, the PDC approach can bring us closer to whatever goal we choose rate of change.

當然，無論我們選擇什麼樣的變化率目標，PDC 方法都能使我們更接近目標。

That is rate of improvement is a key competitive factor in today's world PD C allows for major jumps in performance.

在當今世界，PD C 的改進率是一個關鍵的競爭因素，它能使性能大幅躍升。

A PCA approach is usually associated with a sizeable project involving numerous people's time.

PCA 方法通常與涉及眾多人時間的大型項目有關。

And thus managers want to see large breakthrough improvements to justify the effort expended.

是以，管理者希望看到巨大的突破性改進，以證明所付出的努力是值得的。

However, the scientific method and PD apply to all sorts of projects and improvement activities.

然而，科學方法和項目開發適用於各種項目和改進活動。

See also aida process business process improvement CM IC lesson study ODA loop performance management, quality management, quality storyboard, Robert S Kaplan theory of constraints, total security management.

另請參閱 aida 流程業務流程改進 CM IC 課程研究 ODA 循環績效管理、品質管理、品質故事板、Robert S Kaplan 約束理論、全面安全管理。

Further reading Sart Walter Andrew, economic control of quality of manufactured products slash 50th anniversary commemorative issue.

延伸閱讀 薩特-沃爾特-安德魯：《製造業產品質量的經濟控制》50 週年紀念特刊。

American Society for Quality is BN 0 87,389 dash 76-0.

The improvement guide, a practical approach to enhancing organizational performance.

改進指南，提高組織績效的實用方法。

Second edition by Gerald J Langley, Ronald Mon Kevin M Nolan Thomas W Nolan Clifford L, Norman Lloyd P Provost published by Jossi based ISBN 978-0 dash 470 dash 19,241 Walter Andrew statistical method.

第二版由 Gerald J Langley、Ronald Mon Kevin M Nolan Thomas W Nolan Clifford L、Norman Lloyd P Provost 出版，Jossi based ISBN 978-0 dash 470 dash 19,241 Walter Andrew 統計方法。

New York Dover is B 0-486 dash 65,232 dash seven Deming W Edwards out of the crisis mit Center for Advanced Engineering study is BN zero dash 911,379 10.

紐約多佛是 B 0-486 破折號 65,232 破折號 7 Deming W Edwards 走出危機 mit 高級工程研究中心是 BN 0 破折號 911,379 10.