Name: 什麼是奇點？| 永恆的好奇#11 (What is a Singularity? | Eternally Curious #11)
Uploaded: 2021-01-14T06:55:41.000Z
Duration: 4 min 21 s
Description: 【看影片學英語】數萬部 YouTube 影片，搭配英漢字典即點即查，輕鬆掌握單字發音與用法，長久累積看電影不必再看字幕。

Hi, my name is Fede and this Eternally Curious.

Well we say someone is singular when they are… one.

And not just any individual, someone odd.

A singularity is more like the answer to a question for which there is no answer.

The function has no solution, because it doesn’t make any sense,

because 1 divided by 0 doesn’t  make any sense.

Unless you use a Riemann sphere in the complex plane which allows for division by zero in

some circumstances, in a way that makes expressions such as this one well-behaved.

The point is that these are just constructs.

See, when we built mathematics, we decided the rules, and according to those rules this

You can easily derive their exact solution

for a single spherical non-rotating mass if your name is Karl Schwarzschild and you’re

a genius physicist with a badass mustache

and then you end up with this, simple-looking formula.

c is the speed of light G is the gravitational constant

M is the mass of the object and rs is the Schwarzschild radius

If you squeeze it, the mass stays the same but its volume gets smaller.

If you keep squeezing the ball, it will become tiny, but stay just as massive as before,

all the molecules compressed close to each other.

It is the radius of a sphere such that, if all the mass of an object were to be compressed

within that sphere, the escape velocity from the surface of the sphere would equal the

This means that in order to escape the gravitational pull of the object, whatever tries to get

away from it would have to move faster than the speed of light.

But because the speed of light is constant and nothing can ever go faster, nothing can

It’s essentially a black pit where anything you put in doesn’t come back.

And that’s what we call the congressional budget.

Because the speed of light is such a gargantuan number.

Which means unless you have an unbelievably big mass, the Schwarzschild radius is very

I don’t think I can even begin to explain the scale of things.

It would be like turning this gigantic thing where all of humanity lives cozily and people

Let’s go back to our Schwarzschild radius.

If the object’s radius is less than that, it becomes a black hole.

In other words, what happens if the object's radius IS zero?

This equation defines the shape of spacetime near a spherical mass.

Now you don’t need to understand all of it.

Just have a quick look and see if you can spot the problem.

An imaginary point in spacetime where all the laws we know don’t make any sense.

This is the event horizon, sort of a “beyond this none shall return” threshold.

And in the middle it's where you divided by zero.

The singularity isn’t really a place, because in theory it occupies no space, and it has

It’s like the concept of point in geometry.

Except we have experimentally discovered black holes, exactly how Einstein and Schwarzschild

had predicted, and there is reason to believe that singularities do exists.

There is copious amount of speculation on what might happen at a singularity, including

wormholes, time travel, and portals to other universes.

If you’re curious about that please let me know in the comments.

We just don’t know for sure what happens at a singularity, and probably never will.

At least not until we get to “THE SINGULARITY”, which I’ll explain in a later video.

But only if you click this button here to subscribe.

Check out my other Eternally Curious videos here.

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