and today we're going to be looking at the days of the

今天我們要來看星期

week and the origin of the names of the days, which are obviously different in different

以及一周內每一天的名稱起源，很顯然的它們在不同的語言中都有不一樣的名稱

languages, but in the English language, the days, a lot of them, apart from the sun and

但在英文當中，除了以太陽和月亮取名，

the moon, a lot of the days are named after gods. Not... Not god, not the Christian god,

很多都是用神的名字來取名，不...不是基督教的神

but before Christianity came to the UK or to Britain, we had these... It's called pagan

但在基督教來英國或是大不列顛之前，我們有這些...稱為異教徒(無宗教信仰者)

gods. "Pagan" just means before Christianity. So, there were these not just one god, but

「pagan」意指基督教之前，所以有不只一個神，

a group of gods, and a goddess as well, a female god. And the days were named after

而是一群神，和一個女神，而一周的每一天就是以他們來命名的，

them. Okay. So let's have a look through the days of the week and I'll tell you all about

OK，我們透過一周的每一天來看，然後我會告訴你他們的名字是怎麼來的

how the day got its name. Okay. So, this goes back hundreds of years, so that's why it's

OK，這要回溯到上百年前，

a little strange.

所以這就是為什麼他們的名字有點奇怪

So, "Sunday", the main religious day in the Christian world, but before Christianity in

「星期日」，是基督教世界最主要的宗教日，但在基督教以前的年代，

the pagan times, Sunday-obviously, "sun"-was named after the sun. Sun's Day. Because, obviously,

「Sunday」很明顯的，「sun」就是以太陽命名，太陽日，

you look up into the sky and the sun is the brightest thing there, and it keeps you warm

因為當你看向天空，太陽就是那裡最亮的東西，它可以讓你保持溫暖

and all of that, so everyone knew the sun was very important for human life to survive,

大家都知道太陽對人類生存是非常重要的

so they named the first day of the week after the sun. Sun's Day. And just to make a link,

所以他們將一周的第一天以太陽來命名，太陽日，

here, with the German language because we share a lot of similar words with the German language:

在這裡我要與德文做個連結，因為我們和德文共用了很多相同的字

"Sonntag", so in German as well, the sun... The word for "sun" in German is

「Sonntag」在德文中也是，太陽...德文的太陽

in the name of the German word for Sunday. Okay. Right, so that's Sunday, Sun's Day,

也是德文周日的名字，好了，這就是星期日，

the day dedicated to the sun.

這天奉獻給太陽

Next day: "Monday". It's not totally obvious, but it's named after the moon. Moon. "Mon",

下一個是星期一，這並不是很明顯，但它是以月亮命名的，月亮，「Mon」，

"moon", so there's a little moon. And again, because the sun, most important and then after

「moon」，這裡有個小月亮，然後再說一次，因為太陽是最重要的，

that you look up in the sky at night and you see the moon, so it's like the second most

再來就是當你晚上看著天空，就會看到月亮，它是你看到第二個最重要的東西

important thing that you see. So, Moon's Day, Monday. And in German: "Montag", so that's

所以月亮日，星期一，在德文中是「Montag」，那就是德文的月亮

the moon in German. But also, the example from French because in French the word for

它也來自法文，因為法文的月亮是

"moon" is "lune", "la lune", so in French, again, the day is named after the moon and

「lune」「la lune」，在法文中以月亮命名的那一天

it's called "lundi". So even in French, which has a different word, it's still connected

稱為「lundi」，所以就算在法文用的是不同的字，

with the moon. Okay.

它仍然跟月亮相關，

Right, so that's the sun and the moon for the first two days of the week.

好，所以一星期的前兩天是以太陽和月亮命名的

Now, this is where it gets interesting. "Tuesday" is named after one of the pagan gods called

現在，從這裡開始就比較有趣了，「Tuesday」是以其中一個基督教以前的神 Tiu 所命名的，

Tiu, T-i-u. Tiu's Day. Okay? And he came from the sort of North European group of gods.

T-i-u，Tiu 日，他是來自北歐的神

Okay? And Tiu was the god of war. He represented war or... And the god of the sky, generally.

而且是戰神，他一般代表戰爭或是...天空之神

And the link, here, with the Southern European gods which come mostly from the Roman gods.

然後這裡與大部分來自羅馬的南歐眾神有關連

So, the French name for Tuesday, and the French words come from the southern group of gods,

星期二的法文，這個法文來自南方的神，

the Roman god of war is Mars. Okay? Like the planet... There's also a link with the planets,

羅馬的戰神就是 Mars，就跟火星的名字一樣，所以跟行星也有關連

and that's the red planet, Mars. So, in French, Tuesday is called "mardi" because it's linked

火星是一顆紅色的行星，所以星期二的法文是「mardi」因為那跟 Mars 相關

to Mars. So, in the northern group of gods we have Tiu's Day and he's the god of war,

在北方的神祇中，我們有Tiu日(Tuesday) 戰神，

and in the southern group of gods we have mardi, Mars, and Mars is also the god of war

和南方的 mardi，

in the Southern European gods. Okay. Whoops, sorry. Right.

Mars 也是在南歐眾神中的戰神，OK，噢，抱歉

Moving on: "Wednesday", which is always a tricky one to spell, difficult to spell. It's

繼續:「星期三」，通常是比較難拼字的一個，

Wed-nes-day, but we pronounce it: "Wensday". That's named after Woden. Woden's Day. Okay?

是 Wed-nes-day，但我們念的是「Wensday」，這是以 Woden 命名而來的，

And Woden was the sort of chief god in charge of all the other gods. He was the top god.

Woden 是在所有神祇當中的主神，他是位階最高的神

Woden's Day. Okay. In the southern group of gods, in French, Wednesday is "mercredi",

Woden 日，OK，在南方眾神祇當中，星期三的法文是「mercredi」

which is named after Mercury. But in this case, Mercury is not the equivalent of Woden.

這名字的由來是 Mercury(水銀、水星)，但在這裡 Mercury跟Woden並不相等

So, sorry, that's a bit not very... Anyway, that's the way it goes. We can't change it.

抱歉，那不是很....總之，他的性質就是這樣，我們無法改變他，

"mercredi" in French is named after Mercury, who was the messenger god. Okay. And again,

法文「mercredi」是以 Mercury 命名的，他是眾神傳遞信息的使者，OK，再講一次，

there's a planet named after Mercury as well. So, anyway, Northern European, Woden's Day.

有一個行星是以 Mercury 命名的，所以北歐的 Woden 日

Wednesday. Right.

就是星期三，好

Moving on to "Thursday" which is named after Thor. Thor's Day. Thursday. And I've put these

接著來看以 Thor 命名的「星期四」，索爾日，星期四，然後我還畫了些...

little... That's not thunder. It's the god of thunder. When there's a storm, the sound

不是閃電，是雷神，暴風雨中雷電的聲音，

of the thunder. This is the flash of light from the lightning, but you get thunder and

這是雷電的閃光，當有暴風雨時就會有雷聲和閃電

lightning when there's a storm, the noise and the light flashing. So, Thor is the northern

噪音和閃光，Thor 是北方的雷神，

god of thunder. Okay? And in German, "Donnerstag", "donner" means thunder in German. So, in German

OK? 在德文，「Donnerstag」，「Donner」就是德文的雷電，

that day is also named after the god of thunder. Okay. Thor's Day. In the Southern European

所以德文的星期四也是以雷神命名的，OK，Thor 日，在南歐，

names it's named after Jove. Jove, who is the equivalent of Thor, because Jove is also...

則是以 Jove 命名的，Jove 等同於 Thor，因為 Jove 也是...

Also has thunder and lightning. He causes the thunder and the lightning. So, Jove. In

雷聲和閃電，祂製造雷聲和閃電，所以是 Jove，

French, the day is called "jeudi", "jeudi", which comes from Jove. Okay. So, Thursday,

在法文當中，這天叫做「jeudi」，「jeudi」來自於 Jove，所以星期四

Thor's Day.

就是 Thor 日

Now, you'd be wondering: Where are all the...? All the female gods, the goddesses? So, at

現在，你可能會好奇，所有的...所有的女神都去哪了?

last we have one, just one in the whole group of seven, so fairly typical of women's equality.

最後一個就是女神了，全部七個之中唯一的一個，是相對代表性的女性平等

A token woman. Okay. "Friday", Freya's Day. So, Freya, I think she's like the wife of

一個象徵的女性，OK，「星期五」Freya日，我想 Freya有點像是主神的妻子，

the chief god, but she represents love, being the wife of the chief god. And in German,

不過她代表愛，作為主神的妻子，然後在德文，

again, "Freitag", so in German as well, Friday is named after Freya, the northern goddess

「Freitag」，德文也是一樣，星期五是以 Freya 命名的，北方的愛神，

of love. And similarly, in the Southern European group, Venus. So, Venus, the goddess of love,

相同的，在南歐的眾神之中則是 Venus，所以在羅門神祇當中的愛神 Venus

the Roman goddess of love is the equivalent of Freya, Venus. We also have a planet, again,

跟 Freya 的地位是相等的，我們還有一個以 Venus命名的行星(金星)，

named after Venus. And in French: "vendredi" is sort of vaguely like the name Venus, so

在法文中:，「vendredi」是有點隱約與 Venus 雷同的，所以

there is a link again there between the northern and the southern version.

在這裡南北方的神祇再次有了連結

Okay, so Freya's Day, Friday.

OK，Freya 日 就是星期五

And finally: "Saturday". Saturn's Day. Okay? Now, this time it's not a Northern European

最後，「星期六」，Saturn日，OK? 這回不是北歐的神

god. It's a Roman god, because the Romans actually came to Britain. This probably influenced

是羅馬的神，因為羅馬人其實也來到了不列顛，這可能影響了這一天的名稱典故

the naming of the day. The Romans were in Britain for a certain length of time and influenced

羅馬人在不列顛待了一段時間，因此也影響了一些事情

some of the things. So, it's Saturn was the Roman god of agriculture and maybe various

所以 Saturn 是羅馬神祇中的農業之神，也或許是其他的東西

other things. Roman god of agriculture, and also, again, there's a planet, Saturn, the

羅馬的農業之神，然後又有一個行星以此為名了，就是土星，

one with the rings around it. Okay? So, Saturn's Day. Saturday.

有一個環圍饒著，OK? 所以 Saturn 日就是星期六

Okay, so I hope that's helped you to understand why the days of the week are named like that,

OK，我希望這可以幫助你們了解為什麼一周的每一天要取那些名字

and also to understand a little bit of the

也了解一些

cultural historical background to how they came to be named like that.

那些名字的文化歷史背景

Okay? So, if you'd like to go to the website, engvid.com,

OK? 歡迎你們去網站www.engvid.com

there's a quiz there that you can do on this subject.

那裡會有一個為這個單元出的小測驗

And if you've enjoyed this lesson,

如果你還喜歡這堂課程

perhaps you'd like to subscribe to my YouTube channel.

或許你可以訂閱我的Youtube頻道

And I hope to see you again soon. Thanks for listening.

我希望盡快再與你們見面，謝謝收看

Bye.

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