Hi. James.

嗨，我是James

Greer.

Greer

James Greer.

我是James Greer

From engVid.

來自engVid

[Laughs].

﹝笑聲﹞

Not Bond, and I know you think I was going to say Bond.

不是龐德哦，你一定以為我會講龐德

I know.

我就是知道

But listen, Bond always has an important mission he's got to do, right?

但聽著，龐德總是有重要任務在身，對吧？

007.

007

And so do I.

我也是如此

Today we have a mission.

今天，我們有個任務

We're going to learn how to study English.

我們將知道如何學習英文

I know in many places, many websites, they tell you, and to teach you grammar and idioms and phrasal verbs.

我知道你可以從很多地方以及網站知道英文知識，像是有關文法、慣用語、和動詞片語

But then, there's the big question of you, and: How do you study, and

但是，這裡會有個大問題：就是你要怎麼學習，以及

how do you choose what is important for you at this moment?

你怎麼知道哪些是必學的？

Maybe you're advanced.

你的英文能力可能是屬於高階

Maybe you're a beginner.

可能是初階

Maybe you know this, and maybe you don't.

你可能知道這個，但，你也可能不知道

After today's lesson and we do our mission, you'll know exactly what you have to do. Okay?

在今天這堂課後、完成我們的任務後，你會知道該如何學習英文

So, we're going to go to the board in a second, and take a look.

我們馬上一起來看看白板上的東西

What steps should we take in order to learn?

我們要怎麼一步一步的來學習英文呢？

By the time you're done this video, you'll know exactly...

在看完這部影片後，你會知道怎麼學習英文

Or you should know where you are, where you need to go, and when you're going to be done.

像是你要知道你在哪邊、要往哪邊走、哪時要完成

Ready? Let's go.

準備好了嗎？那我們開始！

E. E is standing here saying: "Where do I start?

E站在這邊說：「我該從哪邊開始呢？

Grammar, vocabulary, or speaking?"

先文法、還是單字、還是口語？」

Common, and seems to make sense, I mean, you go to learn a language-right?

普遍來說，理所當然的是，你要學的是一個語言－對吧？

-you go on a website, they start throwing things at you.

－你按進一個網站後，會出現一大堆「必學」的東西

You go to a school, they say you need this, this, and this.

就像你上學一樣，規定要你學這個、這個、和這個

But you don't really know.

但是，實際上你並不知道要學些什麼

So, I'm going to give you the tools to decide that.

所以，我要給你幾個技巧，讓你知道要怎麼學英語

First thing we're going to do is: What's the first thing you need?

我們要做的第一件事情：你最先需要什麼能力？

Grammar?

文法嗎？

No.

不是

What?

那是需要什麼能力？

Conversation?

對話？

No.

也不是

Vocabulary.

字彙

What?

那是需要什麼能力？

Well, look.

好了，想想看

If you can't say: "bathroom" when you go to a country, you're going to pee yourself. Okay?

如果你出國時不會說：「bathroom」，那你會尿褲子

"Hungry", you won't get food.

不會說「Hungry」，你會沒得吃

You don't need to know everything to get basic information done.

你需要學會基本的字彙，不用太拘泥於說出完整的句子

And that's what we should look at first.

這就是我們要先瞭解的第一件事

Basic information for a beginner really is vocabulary.

其實對於初學者，他們需要的真的是基本字彙能力

And instead of all the fancy stuff you need, you don't need much.

不需要到詞藻華麗

You need you, and a little bit of time, and to have some fun.

你只需要花一點時間，開心地學習

Why?

為什麼？

I'm going to suggest: For basic communication, get vocabulary.

我建議：知道日常對話的字彙

I'm telling you right now if I see you or any English-speaking person sees you, and you see...

我現在告訴你的就是，如果我遇到你，或是其他的英文系國家的人遇見你

You say: "Drink. Thirsty."

你會說：「喝水，口渴」

There's no grammar, but they'll go: "Oh, the bar is over there."

這不是一個完整句子，但，他們會回：「哦，可以到吧檯那邊喝水」

If you say: "Washroom. Please,"

如果你說：「廁所，請告訴我」

they'll go: "Oh, toilet is over there."

他們會說：「哦，廁所在那邊」

They use sentence, you use words.

他們會用完整的句子答覆你，你用的則是幾個單字

Sometimes you just touch your belly and go: "Ahh!"

有時候你就只要摸著肚子，並對他們：「痾！」

They'll go: "Oh, you want food."

他們就會回：「哦，你肚子餓了哦」

You don't need all that stuff.

你不需要說完整的句子

People will tell you you need to learn grammar, and this and that.

每個人會說文法是你必須學的，還有這個和那個都要知道

You don't.

但是，你不需要學

And here's how you get your first vocabulary.

這樣的方式下來，你就可以學會你的第一個英文字彙

Do what you love to do.

選擇你所愛的學習方式去做

Play video games.

玩電動遊戲

I've had...

我曾有...

I don't know how many students play video games, say they learned how to fire, duck,

我不清楚我有多少學生會玩電動玩具，不過，他們都學會如何開槍和閃避

words that we wouldn't teach them for a while, because they were playing games.

因為玩電動玩具，這些字他們都早已學會了

Other people come in: "Dah-dah-dah-dah-dah, [sings]," singing.

其他人進教室會哼：「搭-搭-搭-搭-搭-﹝哼唱﹞」，唱歌

I go: -"What the hell?"

我會說：「在搞什麼鬼？」

-"I love to sing," and they sing a song, they sound like they're just, you know, from this country.

－「我喜歡唱歌。」他們唱一首歌，聽起來就像是...你知道的，這國家的口音

Then they speak very terrible accent.

他們有著較重的口音

You know what I'm saying, right?

你知道我的意思吧？

[Laughs] But when they sing, it's like the gods have come down.

﹝笑聲﹞但是，當他們唱歌時，就像是神下凡一樣

I mean, literally, you go: "Are you...? You were born here, right?"

你會毫不猶豫地回：「你是...?你是土生土長的當地人嗎？」

Cool slang.

流行的俚語

You know? YOLO, you only live once. Right?

YOLO：一生只能活一次

ASAP, as soon as possible.

ASAP：盡可能快一點

When you do these things, you're learning because you want to learn.

當你用到這種流行語時，代表你已經在學習了，因為你對這個有興趣

You're not even realising you're learning, and it's going to make you want to learn more

你甚至都不知道你已經在學習了。透過這樣的學習方式，你反而會想要學更多

because...

因為...

You know, we'll get to the second one and you'll understand.

接下來看第二點，你會了解我的意思

But you want to communicate in a much better way. Okay?

你想要精進與他人之間的溝通能力

So, get the meaning of basic words.

要知道基本的字彙意思

"Hungry," "food," "toilet," "money."

像是「肚子餓」、「食物」、「廁所」、「錢」

You know that one, right?

你知道「money」吧？

You need those things.

這些字彙你都要知道

If you have those things, you can start your adventure in learning English. Okay?

如果這些字彙你都知道的話，就可以開始下一步的英文挑戰

And you're going to do it by doing things you love.

做一些你喜歡的事情來學習英文

Video games, music, cool slang.

像是電動遊戲、音樂、流行俚語

Right?

對吧？

Come on.

不要懷疑

Now we're making language fun and easy for you, and

現在，對我們來說，學英文不再聽起來那麼無趣困難了吧。這

that's what we should do, because you'll learn it faster. All right?

就是我們學英文要有的態度，而你的領悟力會因此快速提升

And then here's the bad news: Hard work is on its way, so let's move over to the intermediate.

這邊有個壞消息：慢慢地會比較困難了哦，我們一起來看看中級階段的學習方式

So if you're still on vocabulary and you can't put a sentence together, you're a beginner.

如果你還在學習字彙，不會造句時，代表你還是個初學者

Okay? But at least you're better than other people.

不管怎麼樣，比起其他人，你已經很厲害了

You know words in a foreign language. Cool.

你知道幾個英文字彙了！很酷！

Intermediate is when we start, and I think you should introduce grammar.

開始中級階段的學習，我想你要開始認識文法

This is when your vocabulary is rich enough that you can say things like: "Need water. Where?"

這是當你所了解的字彙已達到足夠的量時，而可以說出：「想要喝水，在哪裡？」

It's not a sentence, so you kind of sound stupid.

這不是一個完整句子。所以，你說這樣的句子，聽起來會有點愚蠢的

I'm saying it right out.

我會很老實地告訴你

You sound stupid.

你聽起來笨笨的

Had many students, brilliant people, sounding like...

之前有很多學生、聰明的學生，聽起來就像是...

I called them kids.

我都稱他們為小孩

And I loved them.

我喜愛他們

I thought they were great people, but I would call them kids

我覺得他們都是很厲害的人，但，我會稱他們為小孩

because they sound like two and five year olds.

是因為他們說起話來像是二或五歲的孩子

"Mommy, water, now."

「媽媽，現在要喝水」

Understand.

淺顯易懂

Sentence?

這是一個完整句子？

Not really.

並不是如此

Grammar.

文法

Some teachers don't think it's necessary.

有些老師認為文法是非必要學的

It is.

但，這是需要學的

It's like a skeleton in a body. Right?

就像是我們身體的骨架一樣

When you're crawling on the floor, you still need a skeleton, something to hold everything together,

你在地板匍匐前進時，你仍需要骨頭去支撐你整個身體

but really it's the muscles and everything else that make you move.

雖然還有肌肉和其他的身體結構使得你能夠移動

But the skeleton is necessary or needed.

但，骨架還是不可或缺的一部分

Those are those bones. Right?

這些就是骨頭

These are the bones of the language.

文法就是語言的骨頭

You got, you know, your vocabulary, but these hold everything together, that skeleton.

也就是你所知道的字彙，再來就是把這些字彙組在一起的就是：骨架

Now, when you learn grammar, we do this to be understood.

你學習文法，才能夠使他人了解我們的意思

We said basic communication.

也就是我們所稱的日常對話

To be understood we need grammar.

要被他人了解就是需要文法的輔助

This is sound...

這聽起來...

And you can sound like you understand.

像是你能了解這件事情

"Oh! I can't have your girlfriend and all of your money?Oh. I didn't know that. I understand."

「哦！我不可以搶你的女朋友和你所有的錢？哦，我之前不知道，但，現在了解了」

You sound like you understand someone.

這樣聽起來，你知道某個人的意思

You can communicate an idea.

你也可以表達出自己的想法

"I would like to be a millionaire, but I don't want to work."

「我不工作，但，我想當個百萬富翁」

See?

對吧？

I've communicated: "I am lazy, but I still want to be rich."

我剛剛說的是：「我是懶人，但，我仍想要當個有錢人」

Like everyone in North America.

就像住在北美這一帶的人一樣

Okay, but we're going to take our vocabulary...

不過，我們來看看字彙

See, this is when you have the vocabulary, you take it, and you put it with some muscle.

看看這個，這就是當你學會這字彙之後，你就能把它放在一個完整句子中

You put vocabulary and function words.

你知道如何使用字彙去造句

That's what grammar is.

這就是所謂的文法

It's the words that function.

這就是字彙的功能

It's the verbs. Right?

這是動詞

It's the pronouns.

這是代名詞

It's all these things that go together. It's like making a hamburger. Okay?

句子就是由這些東西組合在一起，就像在製作一個漢堡一樣

You got your meat.

你已經準備好肉了

Now you need a bun, some lettuce, and everything else.

現在，你需要一個麵包、一些萵苣、和其他東西

This is your grammar.

這就是你的文法

This makes it good. Okay?

這些可以構成一個好句子

So, now you can sound pretty intelligent, not like a child, but

所以，你現在說起話來給人聰明的感覺，不再像一個孩子一樣，但是

some people have great grammar skills and good vocabulary, but

有些人的文法和字彙能力更好，而

this is where we go to the advanced-they don't sound like us.

這就是我們怎麼成為高階英文學習者的一個方式-他們講起話來就與我們不同

They still haven't got it quite together.

雖然他們還不是很上手

We know you're not from here.

但，我們都知道你不是當地人

This is change it all.

這方式可以改變他人對你的印象

And this is something that I find interesting.

我也發現一件有趣的事

Some students don't want to do, they think it's a waste of time.

有些學生不想這麼做，因為他們覺得浪費時間

And then I remind them: In your country, are there people who don't know how to read and write?

我就會提醒他們：在你的國家中，有人不知道如何讀書和寫字的嗎？

What do you call them?

你會怎麼稱呼這些人？

Some people say (this is a fancy word): "They are illiterate."

有些人會說（這是一個比較禮貌的詞彙）：「他們是文盲」

I say: "No. They're stupid."

我會說：「不是，他們是愚笨的」

Because you say: "Hey, read this."

因為你會要他們：「嘿！唸這個」

They go: "I cannot read."

他們會回你：「我不知道怎麼唸」

You go: "You're stupid. Didn't you go to school, stupid?"

你就會說：「你們真笨。蠢蛋，難道你都沒上過學嗎？」

Don't be stupid.

不要耍笨了

Learn to read and write.

學習如何讀書以及寫字

It's not just for that reason, for your ego that people...

不只是為了讓他人瞧得起，也為了你自己

It makes you feel good.

你會覺得格外有自信

It's also because it teaches you how to think in the language. Huh?

你也學會如何用英文模式思考

Well, when you write something down, you have to remember the author wrote it three years ago.

你寫下某事時，同時要回想到這是三年前作者所寫下的

The author is the writer of the book, could be a male, female, or whoever made it.

作者就是書的敘述者，可能是位男性、女性、甚至是任何人

They wrote it three or four years ago, and you're not there.

他們在三四年前所寫下來的書，你不是生活在那時候

So when they write about it, they have to think

所以，當他們在寫書時，他們會

in a way that you would understand it three years later, and not have to ask questions.

猜想三年後的你能了解他們所寫下的內容，而不會有任何疑問

Because if you have to say: "I'm confused. What does he mean?

如果你說：「我不清楚他的意思是什麼？

Let me call him up.

讓我打去問問他

Yo, E, on page 47 you wrote this thing.

嘿，E，在47頁，你寫了這東西

It's an awkward phrase.

這是一個陌生的片語

You got a dangling modifier, so I'm not really sure..."

這邊有個垂懸修飾語，所以，我不是很清楚...」

It doesn't work like that.

這是沒辦法的事情

They have to write it properly so you understand it.

他們必須寫下合適的內容以便你之後得以了解

This is when we become advanced, because you learn logical thought, how we put it together.

這是當我們進階成高級英文學習者時，因為你會學會邏輯性的思考、怎麼把想法整合在一起

When we talk about logical thought, we talk about syntax;

我們談到邏輯思考時，會談到語法

how the words go together, how things flow, how we think.

字彙怎麼組合在一起、句子怎麼才會順暢、我們如何思考

Every language is different, and the syntax is a bit different. Okay?

每個語言都不一樣，而語法也會有些不同

This will make you think like a native speaker.

這會讓你的思考模式變得更像母語人士一樣

You have to put the words and even the sentences in a way that makes sense to us. Okay?

你必須知道如何把不同字彙有意義地整合在一起

Remember I said you sound...?

記得我說過你說的話聽起來...？

Here I meant not stupid.

這裡我指的是聰明的

That was it, you don't sound stupid.

你聽起來是有智慧的

Reading and writing makes you sound intelligent, and there's a difference.

你會唸書以及寫字之後，他人會覺得你很有智慧，這便會與之前形成差異性

Suddenly, I want to hear what you have to say, because you seem to know what you're

突然我想知道你想說些什麼，因為你似乎知道你在

talking about, and you present your ideas in a way I can understand.

說些什麼，你試著要向我清楚呈現出你的想法

It also gives you the time to think about the language, so it goes on in your brain,

這方式也讓你有時間思考語言，所以，語言就會自然而然地在你的腦袋中運轉著

so it knows how to analyze and present the language for us.

讓我們的腦袋熟悉如何來分析以及呈現語言

This is something people skip, because they want to speak, and

人們都會忽略這點，因為他們只想要對話而已

don't realize this is a very important part.

卻忘記最重要的這部分

Reading gives you an understanding of how we're thinking.

閱讀可以促進我們的思考模式

You read, you get that.

你只要開始閱讀之後，就會知道到我的意思

When you write, you have to write in a way that we would understand it.

你寫字時，必須要表達清楚，讓我們都能了解

Powerful stuff.

這說得真好

And how does it do that?

不過，要怎麼做呢？

Well, we have three components or three parts.

我們會有三種成份或是三個部分

Number one, the grammar.

第一點：文法

See? Grammar we talked about.

文法我們剛剛有提到

Grammar has to be in something you write. Okay?

你在寫作時，要注意文法規則

Then it has to be true.

呈現出來的東西必須是事實

What you say has to make sense to us.

而你所對我們說的都是合理的

It's logical.

有邏輯

I can't be just:

我不行隨口說出：

"I am an alien, and I live in the sea, and I have fins and baby-back ribs."

「我是一個外星人，我住在海裡，我有鰭和小肋排骨」

It doesn't make any sense, even if the sentence is perfectly grammatically correct.

就算這句文法完全正確，不過，這句話並沒有道理

It's like: "This is not true. I will not listen to you."

別人會說：「這不是真的，我才不信你的話」

And then finally we have to connect them, and this is what we talk about syntax,

最後，我們要與這些話有所連結，這就是我們所說的語義結構

and when we put all of these things together,

我們把這些單字構成一個完整的句子

suddenly you're speaking and people understand you.

大家突然都知道你在說些什麼

Accent or no accent, you are an English speaker.

不管有腔調或是沒腔調，你都是位英文母語人士

Not quite. Almost.

不完全是，但是，可以稱得上

When we put all these three together, and we go to speaking, and you master speaking,

我們把這三個部分組合在一起，並且試著說出來，之後，你就可以說一口的好英文

which will happen if you take these steps -

只要你可以慢慢熟悉這三個步驟－

you will notice you are being understood when you speak.

他人都會了解你所說的話

Not five times: "Sorry? Huh? Sorry? Sor-, sorry? Oh, okay. Oh, I'm sorry. No. Sorry?"

不會聽到五次的反問：「不好意思？什麼？可以再說一次嗎？哦，不好意思，我沒聽到？可以再說一次嗎？」

No. You will speak, you will be understood.

只要你說清楚，別人都會聽得懂

When I speak, and some of you think I speak very quickly.

你們有些人可能會覺得我講話太快

And you're right.

你們說得沒錯

My students actually often laugh go: "You don't speak quickly on those videos.

我的學生們也時常會笑著說：「你在影片中，講話不快

You speak quickly in real life."

你在日常生活中講話才快」

But I like it when people understand me.

但是，我還是喜歡別人聽懂我說的話

You will find that you understand me more.

這樣你就能更了解我所說的

You will have more understanding what I say, and English people say.