My name is Emma, and this is my friend Gizmo, and today we are going to help you learn English.

我是 Emma ，牠是我的朋友 Gizmo ，今天我們要幫助你學英文

Today's English is all about dogs.

今天要教的是與狗狗相關的英文

Okay?

OK？

So, let's ask some questions to Gizmo, and we can get some answers.

讓我們來問 Gizmo 一些問題，這樣就可以得到解答了

Our first question: Do we call pets "he", "she", or "it"?

我們第一個問題是：我們稱寵物「他」、「她」還是「牠」？

What do you think, Gizmo?

你覺得呢，Gizmo？

Usually for pets we like to use "he" or "she".

通常寵物我們喜歡用「他」或是「她」

Okay?

OK？

So you might ask somebody: "What's her name?" or "What's his name?" when you're talking

所以當你在聊關於貓狗的話題，你可能會問某人：「她的名字是什麼？」

about a dog or a cat.

或是「他的名字是什麼？」

We usually use "it" for wild animals, although sometimes we also use "he" and "she" if we

對於野生動物，我們通常會用「牠」，儘管有時想把牠們擬人化時，

want to personify them.

我們也會用「他」和「她」

So, majority of the time we use "he" or "she" when we're talking about pets.

大部分時候談到寵物，我們都會用「他」或「她」

Okay, question number two: What is pet hair called?

OK，第二個問題：動物的頭髮怎麼講？

Do you know the answer to this one, Gizmo?

你知道這題的答案嗎，Gizmo？

It is called fur.

稱做毛

Okay?

OK？

F-u-r, fur.

F-u-r，毛

As you can see, Gizmo has a lot of fur.

就像你看到的， Gizmo 有很多的毛

We use the word "fur" when we're talking about cat hair, dog hair, hamster hair.

當我們談到狗、貓、倉鼠的毛髮，都會用「fur」

It's what we call fur.

這就是我們對於毛的稱呼

Okay, our next question: What are pet hands called?

OK，下個問題：寵物的手要怎麼講？

Okay, let's show Gizmo's off.

我們給 Gizmo 一個展現的機會

So Gizmo, what is this called?

Gizmo，這要怎麼講？

This is a paw.

這是腳掌

So, dogs and cats have paws.

狗和貓都有腳掌

I'm just going to put Gizmo down for a second.

我先把 Gizmo 放下來

There you go.

走吧

Okay, so his hands are called paws.

他的手稱做腳掌

Okay, our next question: What does "canine" mean?

下一個問題： 「canine」 是什麼意思？

"Canine" is another way to say "dog", but "canine" is more scientific sounding.

「犬」是「狗」的另一種稱呼，但「犬」聽起來比較科學

So if you're reading a science book or something that's formal writing, you will probably see

所以當你在讀科學書籍或是相關的正式書寫文件，

the word "canine".

你很有可能會看到「犬」這個詞

It's the science...

那是科學⋯⋯

Scientific word for dog.

是狗在科學界的用詞

We also have the word "puppy".

我們還有一個詞是「puppy」

What does the word "puppy" mean?

「puppy」是什麼意思呢？

"Puppy" means a baby dog.

「小狗」指的就是狗寶寶

Okay?

OK？

So, when a dog is very small and very young, usually around, you know,

當狗還很幼小很年輕，通常大概是兩個月到一歲大

two months to one year, we call it a puppy.

我們會稱之為小狗

For kittens, that's what we call a baby cat, a kitten.

小貓則是我們對貓寶寶的稱呼，小貓

Okay, our next question is a very good one: What sound does a dog make?

我們的下一個問題很好：狗會發出什麼聲音？

Sounds are very cultural.

叫聲是非常具有動物獨特性的

In different cultures, animals make different sounds.

不同的物種，動物會有不同的叫聲

For dogs, in English, dogs can either bark, they can say: "Woof woof", or they can say:

以狗來說，狗吠聲可以用「Woof woof」

"Ruff ruff".

或是「Ruff ruff」來表示

Is this different than what dogs say in your language?

你的語言對於狗的叫聲是否有不同的詮釋呢？

If you're wondering with cats or with, you know, all sorts of other animals, you can

如果你還想知道貓咪或是其他動物的叫聲，

actually check out Ronnie's video which covers a lot of these different animal sounds if

其實可以去看看 Ronnie 的影片，有介紹各種不同的動物叫聲

you're interested.

如果你有興趣的話

Okay, finally, our last question for vocabulary: What do you call a dog with no home?

最後，我們最後一個單字的問題：我們要怎麼稱呼沒有家的狗狗呢？

So a dog that lives in the streets.

就是住在街頭上的狗

We call a dog with no home a stray dog, or we can also say a street dog.

我們稱沒有家的狗為 stray dog ，或是 street dog

So we would say:

所以我們會說：

"That dog has no owner. He's without a family.

「那隻狗沒有主人，他沒有家人，

He's a stray dog."

他是一隻流浪狗」

Or: "He is a street dog."

或是「他是一隻 street dog 」

So now let's look at some grammar and pronunciation, and cultural tips about talking about dogs.

現在讓我們來看一些文法和發音吧，還有一些關於狗狗的文化用語

Okay, so our next question is a grammar question, and it's a very important grammar question.

我們的下個問題是有關文法的，這個問題也非常重要

Okay, so let me hold Gizmo.

OK，讓我抱起 Gizmo

Okay.

OK

So, Gizmo, you see these two things?

Gizmo，看到這兩個句子了嗎？

"I like dog", "I like dogs".

「I like dog」，「I like dogs」

Do you know what the difference between these two sentences are?

你知道這兩個句子有什麼不一樣嗎？

No?

沒有？

Okay, well, let me tell you.

那麼讓我來告訴你

"I like dog" is very different than: "I like dogs".

「I like dog」跟「I like dogs」差多了

When you want to say you like dogs as in, you know, you think they're really cute and

當你想表達喜歡狗，覺得狗狗很可愛很有趣

funny, and you enjoy them, you say: "I like dogs" with an "s".

很喜愛牠們，你會說：「I like dogs」有加「ｓ」

This is different from: "I like dog" with no "s".

這跟「I like dog」沒加「s」不一樣

If you say: "I like dog" it makes it sound like you like to eat dog.

如果你說：「I like dog」這聽起來像是你喜歡吃狗

Okay?

OK？

And this is true for a lot of animals.

而這對很多動物也是通用的

If we say: "I like chicken", it means I like to eat chicken.

如果我們說：「I like chicken」，意思是你喜歡吃雞

This is very different from: "I like chickens", which means: "I think chickens are cute.

這跟「I like chickens」意思是：「我覺得雞很可愛，我喜歡雞，牠們很有趣」

I enjoy chickens, and I find them very interesting."

是很不一樣的，

Okay, so the next question is a pronunciation question, and that is:

下一個問題是發音問題，那就是

What is the pronunciation difference between "dogs" and "ducks"?

「『dogs』和『ducks』的發音有何不同？」

So a duck is an animal, you know, that says: "Quack quack", at least in English it does,

鴨子是一種動物，牠們會發出「Quack quack」的聲音，起碼英文是這樣詮釋的，

and a lot of students, when they say these words they pronounce them the same way.

很多同學當他們在說這些詞的時候就是用這種發音方式

So people don't know if you're talking about a dog or a duck.

所以別人會聽不懂你在講狗還是鴨

So, what is the difference in pronunciation?

那他們發音的差異是什麼？

Well, "dog" has a different vowel sound than "duck".

「dog」相較於「duck」有不同的母音發音

"Dog" is longer, we say: "dawg".

「Dog」比較長，我們會說：「dawg」

Compare this to: "duck", which is very short and a bit sharp.

比較一下發音起來很短促的「duck」

This is an "aw" sound: "dog", versus "uh": "duck".

「dog」是發「aw」音，對上「duck」的「uh」音

Okay? So you notice the vowel sound here is short, whereas the vowel sound here is long.

所以你會注意到這裡的母音發起來較短，然而這裡的母音發起來較長

When we add and "s" to "dog" and an "s" to "duck", we also have a different sound.

當我們把「dog」和「duck」加ｓ，也會有不同的發音

In "dog", because of the "g", the "s" becomes a "zz" sound, as in a "z".

「dog」，因為有「ｇ」，「s」發音會變成「zz」就像「z」

So we say: "dawgz".

所以我們會講「dawgz」

You might not hear it, but there's a little bit of a "zz" sound at the end of that.

你可能聽不到，但結尾的確有「zz」的音

"Dogs".

「Dogs」

Now, this is different from "ducks", which has a "ss" sound or an "s" sound.

而與「ducks」發音之間的差別，是發「ss」或是「s」音

So there is a pronunciation difference.

這就是發音上的差異

Say this one short with a "ss" sound, and this one is longer with a "zz" sound.

比較短的母音發「ss」音，比較長的母音則是發「zz」的音

Okay, great.

Okay，很好

So now let's look at some cultural questions about dogs.

現在我們再來看一些關於狗狗的文化問題

Okay, so our next question: What do North Americans think of dogs?

下一個問題是：北美洲的人對狗的看法是什麼？

And a lot of people in England think about dogs this way, and Australia.

很多英國人是怎麼看待狗的，澳洲人對狗狗又是怎麼想

And this isn't everybody, but this is what a lot of the population think.

這不是每個人的看法，但這是大多數人所想的

What is their opinion on dogs?

他們是怎麼看待狗狗的？

Well, let's get Gizmo to help me out.

那麼就讓 Gizmo 幫我回答

Gizmo, come here.

Gizmo，過來

Okay, I'm going to pick him up.

OK，我把他抱起來

Ah, here we go.

啊，開始吧

Okay.

OK

So, in North American culture, dogs like Gizmo are often treated like family members.

在北美文化中，人們通常都會視 Gizmo 這種狗為家庭成員

Some people even treat them as if they are their children, although this is not everybody,

雖然不是每個人，但有些人甚至會把它們視為孩子，

but they really do care about their dogs and they treat them like family.

他們真的很照顧他們的狗狗，並且視他們為一家人

All right.

好

This is Gizmo's first time on camera, so if he's a little nervous, he's never been on

這是 Gizmo 第一次上鏡頭，所以他有點緊張，

camera before.

他之前從沒有上過鏡頭

All right, let's look at the next question, small talk.

好，再來看下一題，聊天話題

So, dogs are actually a really, really good...?

狗其實非常適合...？

Oh, you want down, buddy?

噢，你想下來嗎，小朋友？

Okay, I'll put you down.

OK，我放你下來吧

Sorry.

抱歉

Okay, so dogs are actually really good topics for small talk.

狗其實非常適合成為聊天的話題

If you ever have a conversation with somebody and you see they have a dog, talking about

如果你要跟某人對話，又看到對方剛好有隻狗，

their dog is a great thing to do.

聊聊狗狗也很不錯

So if you're in the elevator or at the park and you just want to meet somebody, you can

所以如果你在電梯裡或是公園，然後想認識朋友，

ask them about their dog.

你可以問問關於狗的話題

Here are some great questions, you can ask them:

這裡有一些很好的問題你可以用上：

"What's your dog's name?", "What's his name?",

「你的狗狗名字是什麼？」「他的名字是什麼？」

"Is your dog a boy or a girl?", "Is it a male or a female?",

「你的狗是男的還女的？」，「他是公的還母的？」

"How old is your dog?"

「你的狗狗幾歲了？」

"How long have you had your dog for?"

「你養狗狗養多久了？」

Okay, so another really good question is: "What kind of dog do you have?"

OK，然後還有另一個好問題是：「你養的狗狗品種是什麼？」

So in this case we're asking about the type or the breed.

所以這次，我們要針對狗狗的類型和繁殖品種提問題

So there are many different breeds or types of dogs.

有很多不一樣品種和類型的狗

There are Chihuahuas, there are German Shepherds, Poodles, you know, Dalmatians.

這是吉娃娃，這是德國牧羊犬、獅子狗、大麥町

There are tons of different types of dogs.

有上噸不同品種的狗

Gizmo, in case you're wondering, is a Lhasa Apso-Papillion mix.

你可能會好奇 Gizmo 的品種，他是拉薩犬和蝴蝶犬的混種

Okay?

OK？

Beautiful breed.

美麗的物種

And so people do like talking about this.

所以很多人是喜歡談論這個的

You can ask them about their breed.

你可以問他們狗狗的品種

Are they mix?

它們是混種嗎？

Are they are purebred?

還是純種的？

Which means they are only one kind of dog, like a Poodle.

純種意思就是只保有一種類型的狗，像是獅子狗

And there is so many different questions you can ask about dogs, but it's something people

還有很多不同各式各樣關於狗狗的問題可以問，但品種

really love talking about.

是人們非常熱衷的話題

So I highly recommend if you see a person who has a pet, it's something that's a good

所以我非常建議當你看到養寵物的人

thing to talk about.

可以跟他聊一聊

Okay, so like I said, our pets are like our family, here.

OK，就如同我所說的，在這裡我們的寵物就像家人

Oh, thank you, Gizmo, for that kiss.

噢，Gizmo，謝謝你的吻

So, one thing I wanted to say is that a lot of the times in North American culture you'll

我還有一件事想說，就是在北美文化中，你看到的狗狗

actually see that dogs are indoor dogs.

其實都是家犬

They're not outside a lot.

他們不常待在外頭

They're actually...

其實他們...

They actually stay inside with us a lot.

其實他們比較常待在室內

Sometimes, you know, they sit on our couches, and for some people they even...

有時他們會坐在沙發上，有一些人甚至...

Like might share, like, the same bed or they might sleep on the same bed that, you know,

會分享他們的床，或是

their owner has.

和主人睡在同張床上

One other cultural thing that you might notice if you ever come to Canada or North America

當你到加拿大或美國時，你可能會注意到的文化

is that a lot of dogs actually wear clothes here.

就是很多狗狗其實都會穿衣服

Okay?

OK？

And Gizmo is also...

而 Gizmo 也是...

He wears clothes, too, especially in the wintertime because it does get very cold.

他也穿衣服，特別是在冬天，因為真的太冷了

So a lot of dogs have winter boots and winter jackets.

很多狗狗會有冬季靴和冬季的外套

So if you come here, don't be surprised to see that.

所以如果你來到這裡，不要驚訝

Sometimes people dress up their dogs for fun, other times it's a necessity because it is

有時人們為了好玩幫狗穿衣，但其他時間則必須穿

very cold during the winter.

因為這裡冬天真的很冷

Okay, so Gizmo and I would like to thank you for watching.

OK，Gizmo 和我謝謝你們的收看

You know, we've had a great time today I think.

我想我們今天度過一段愉快的時光

Isn't that right, Gizmo?

不是嗎，Gizmo？

Yeah, he's a bit sleepy now.

他現在有點想睡了

Oh. Okay.

OK

So he's just going to say bye.

他要跟大家說掰掰囉

So we hope you subscribe to our channel, and we have a lot of other resources there.

希望你們大家訂閱我們的頻道，我們這裡有很多資源

And if you come check out engVid at www.engvid.com, you can actually take a quiz on everything

然後如果你有去看 engVid（www.engvid.com），你可以

we learned today.

為今天所學的內容做測驗

All right?

好嗎？

So thank you, Gizmo, for your help today.

謝謝今天 Gizmo 的幫忙

And I hope you've enjoyed this video.

然後希望你們會喜歡這部影片

Until next time, take care.

下次見，保重