Name: 【TED-Ed】保護我們壯麗且脆弱的珊瑚礁 - Conserving our spectacular, vulnerable coral reefs - Joshua Drew
Uploaded: 2013-06-15T17:09:42.000Z
Duration: 3 min 15 s

Coral reefs are some of the most spectacular

they are also some of the most vulnerable.

and the animals and plants who rely on them?

And how can we make sure our protected areas aren't hurting

對於現今的海洋保育生物學家而言

facing marine conservation biologists today.

Fiji is series of islands in the South Pacific Ocean.

斐濟包含南太平洋上的一系列小島

To help balance the need for conservation and making a living,

scientists had suggested that instead of one big  park,

which provides a lot of coverage for one reef system

與其在在珊瑚礁區 設立一個幅員遼闊的國家公園，

a better way is to create a system of protected areas

設立一系列如珍珠般的小保留區。

and this way, scientists can protect lots of different habitats

這讓科學家可以保障許多不同的棲地，

while not excluding people from their traditional fishing grounds.

Now, the only way this string-of-pearls kind of reserve network is going to work

要使如珍珠項鍊般 的保護網順利運作，

is if each park is connected to other parks.

then because that park is part of a system,

因為它只是整個系統中的一區，

it can be receded from other parks that escaped the event.

這可以藉由其它躲過一劫的保留區 降低對整個保護網的衝擊。

scientists ensure that lots of different habitats get protected.

This way, they can make sure all the different marine habitats in Fiji,

如此，他們可以確保斐濟所有的海洋棲地，

This way we don't unduly settle any particular village

or group of people with the economic burden

of having their fishing grounds off limits.

By sharing the cost around the communities,

So if we agree that rather than one big park,

we should have lots of parks of different sizes

單一巨大的保留區 用許多大小不同的保留區取代，

then they're probably not going to be self-sustaining.

這就要仰賴遺傳學和 DNA 研究。

By looking at how closely related the fish

in each one of these small reserves in Fiji are to each other,

各小保留區中魚類基因接近的程度，

scientists can figure out just how much migration

is going on among the reserves within the system.

在不同保留區間交流的程度如何。

Now it is important to look at a variety of different species

觀察多樣化的物種也是很重要的。

But if we look closely and at enough species,

we can see whether or not the necklace is working.

我們就能確定這個新的策略是否成功。

What scientists have found so far is that,

in general, there's a fair amount of connectivity

babies born in the far west are having a hard time

making it to the islands in the far east.

需要費盡千辛萬苦才能抵達東部島嶼。

that there are enough parks in both the east and the west

在東、西兩邊都建立足夠的小保留區

Lessons about reserve connectivity can help across the world

這份保育連通性的經驗可以 幫助全世界各地區，

so that their sum is greater than their whole.

And this way, we can keep the beautiful necklace

如此，我們就能用這 如珍珠項鍊般的保留區網絡，